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["题干","题型","选择项1","选择项2","选择项3","选择项4","答案"]
["职业道德的基本原则是（ ）。","单选题","爱国主义","集体主义","团结友爱","先公后私","B"]
["加强职业道德修养的途径不正确的表述是（ ）。","单选题","“慎独”","只需参加职业道德理论的学习和考试过关即可","学习先进人物的优秀品质","积极参加职业道德的社会实践。","B"]
["化工生产中强化职业责任是（ ）职业道德规范的具体要求","单选题","团结协作","诚实守信","勤劳节俭","爱岗敬业","D"]
["诚实守信的具体要求不包含:（ ）。","单选题","忠诚所属企业","维护企业信誉","保守企业秘密","做事公平公正","D"]
["在特定职业活动范围内从事某种职业的人们必须共同遵守的行为准则是（ ）。","单选题","职业道德","职业责任","职业纪律","职业规范","C"]
["职业道德的的最高目标（ ）。","单选题","爱岗敬业","诚实守信","办事公道","奉献社会","D"]
["乐业、勤业、精业所体现的化工职业道德规范是（ ）。","单选题","热情周到","奉献社会","爱岗敬业","服务群众","C"]
["标志一个从业者的能力因素是否能胜任工作的基本条件是（ ）。","单选题","职业技能","职业操守","职业情感","职业意识","A"]
["社会主义职业道德的核心是（ ）。","单选题","为人民服务","集体主义","人道主义","实用主义","A"]
["职业道德的特点不包括（ ）。","单选题","行业性","连续性","适用性","强制性","D"]
["“廉洁奉公，办事公道”的职业道德规范主要适用于（ ）。","单选题","工人","农民","军人","公务员","D"]
["下列关于企业精神的表述中，错误的一项是（ ）。","单选题","企业精神是由企业领导所倡导","企业精神是企业员工的群体意识","企业精神仅是一个口号","企业精神依赖于全体员工的自觉实践","C"]
["关于产品质量的表述，错误的一项是（ ）。","单选题","产品质量与企业管理有关","产品质量与企业技术水平有关","产品质量与员工职业道德无关","产品质量与员工技能水平有关","C"]
["下列最符合爱岗敬业精神的一项是（ ）。","单选题","能够做好自己的本职工作","有很高的职业才能","对工作恭敬、严肃、有进取之","为满足自己的兴趣，满腔热情","C"]
["下列关于诚信的表述，不恰当的一项是（ ）。","单选题","诚信是市场经济的基础","商品交换的目的就是诚实守信","重合同就是守信用","诚信是职业道德之本","B"]
["从职业的角度看，奉献的内涵主要是（ ）。","单选题","将国家、社会利益放在首位","大公无私，勇于奉献","爱岗敬业，不图报酬","像雷锋那样，默默无闻地为他人服务","A"]
["下列不属于我国历史上忠诚典范的人物是（ ）。","单选题","苏武","屈原","刘邦","岳飞","C"]
["企业文化的核心是（ ）。","单选题","企业精神","管理制度","员工福利","生产环境","A"]
["一个人主动工作最主要的内在动力是（ ）。","单选题","获取报酬","争取荣誉","避免惩罚","满足兴趣","D"]
["在工作中争取主动最重要的因素是（ ）。","单选题","对工作的激情","富有挑战力的机会","上级和同事的评价","出色的才干","A"]
["企业管理中，5S最重要的意义是（ ）。","单选题","使工作现场没有多余的物品","使工作环境整洁优美","使工作质量提高","使职业素质提升","D"]
["下列行为体现了从业人员良好职业道德的一项是（ ）。","单选题","医生在手术前向病人家属索要红包","教师在教学过程中做到“教书育人”","采购人员在采购过程中收取“回扣”","工人在生产中用企业设备加工私活","B"]
["下列情感体验不是职业活动中“羞耻感”的一项是（ ）。","单选题","因为自己工作繁忙，不能多关心子女而感到内疚","因为上班经常迟到而感到内疚","因为生产时注意力不集中，生产出了次品而内疚","因为工作疏忽，影响了别人的正常工作而感到内疚","A"]
["“今日事今日毕“的良好行为习惯体现在职业活动中的工作作风是（ ）。","单选题","诚实守信","质量至上","热情服务","讲究效率","D"]
["下列职业行为符合职场礼仪的是（ ）。","单选题","与人会面，经常迟到，甚至失约","与人握手，眼睛东张西望","给客户打电话，简洁明了，不讲废话","与客户交谈不停的晃动腿","C"]
["国家对达到职业资格所规定的必备的学识、技术和能力的劳动者颁发的证明是（ ）。","单选题","学历证书","就业资格证书","职业资格证书","开业资格证书","C"]
["为人民服务的精神在职业生活中最直接体现的职业道德规范是（ ）。","单选题","爱岗敬业","诚实守信","办事公道","服务群众","D"]
["对企业来说，（ ）是诚实守信的核心内涵。","单选题","不履行合同","轻质量，重产量","确保产品和服务质量","一味追求利润","C"]
["对“我为人人，人人为我”的正确理解是（ ）。","单选题","我在为每一个人服务，所以每一个人都要为我服务","每一个从业人员都在相互服务的情况下生活着，人人都是服务对象，人人又都在为他人服务","人人如果不为我服务，我也不为人人服务","“我为人人”是手段，“人人为我”是目的","B"]
["不同的行业职业道德规范不同，这反映了职业道德（ ）的特点。","单选题","广泛性","稳定性","行业性","连续性","C"]
["下列哪一项是爱岗敬业的基本要求（ ）。","单选题","干一行，爱一行","遵守规章制度","努力工作获得奖金","消极怠工","A"]
["下列哪一项不是诚实守信的基本要求（ ）。","单选题","诚实劳动","诚实经营","信守合同","违约","D"]
["下列哪一项不是办事公道的具体要求（ ）。","单选题","坚持原则，不徇私情","公私分明，不牟私利","恪守职责，不惧权势","假公济私，牟取暴利","D"]
["下列哪一项不是服务群众的基本要求（ ）。","单选题","尊重群众","冷漠待人","文明服务","人本服务","B"]
["职业道德的最高境界是把（ ）放在首位。","单选题","国家利益、社会利益、他人利益","个人利益","家庭利益","小团体利益","A"]
["忠诚有两层含义，一是对企业的忠诚，二是对（ ）的忠诚","单选题","领导","同事","朋友","职业","D"]
["集体主义是社会主义道德的（ ）。","单选题","基本原则","核心","基本要求","基本准则","A"]
["下列关于职业道德和精神文明关系的表述，不恰当的一项是（ ）。","单选题","职业道德建设是精神文明建设的重要内容","职业领域中的精神文明建设就是职业道德建设","职业道德建设是精神文明建设的客观要求","职业道德建设是思想道德建设的重要内容","B"]
["下列关于企业行为内涵的表述，不恰当的一项是（ ）。","单选题","企业追求利益最大化","企业服务和回馈社会","企业持续发展","企业合作双赢","A"]
["职业道德对个人发展关系的表述，不正确的一项是（ ）。","单选题","职业道德是个人人格的重要组成部分","个人职业道德修养不仅仅是为别人更是为自己","养成良好的职业道德品质是个人美好境界的一种追求","职业道德是对个人的外在规范，遵守职业道德是很痛苦的","D"]
["下列对于职业道德表述不正确的一项是（ ）。","单选题","职业道德和职业技能没有关系","职业道德有助于锻炼职业技能的意志","职业道德有助于职业技能的正确发挥","职业道德有助于职业技能的提高","A"]
["下列对职业道德规范的含义的理解，不恰当的一项是（ ）。","单选题","职业道德规范是企业制定的规章制度","职业道德规范是职业活动中必须遵守的规则","职业道德规范要求员工自觉地履行义务","职业道德规范是企业表彰和惩罚员工的主要标准","A"]
["承担职业责任最重要的内涵是（ ）。","单选题","完成工作任务","工作中不出任何差错","接受因疏漏而造成的不良后果","追求并保证工作质量的高标准","D"]
["下列不是职业技能形成的必需条件的一项是（ ）。","单选题","身体健康","理论学习","工作实践","教师优秀","D"]
["下列不属办事公道本质特征的一项是（ ）。","单选题","道德修养","立场公正","标准同一","平等处事","A"]
["下列不是办事公道具体要求的一项是（ ）。","单选题","公开透明","不谋私利","服从上级","绝不通融","C"]
["下列表述正确的一项是（ ）。","单选题","职业的本质是谋生的手段","职业活动就是就业活动","职业是社会需要的一种反映","职业活动就是为社会做出服务的承诺","C"]
["下列不属于职业纪律的一项是（ ）。","单选题","上班不得串岗","工作场所不得抽烟","不迟到早退","不得携带管制刀具","D"]
["下列说法错误的一项是（ ）。","单选题","任何活动都受一定的职业观念支配","要做一名优秀的技术工人，必须要有优秀的职业观念","忠诚、主动、合作是企业员工应有的职业观念","具有优秀的职业观念是创造人生价值的前提","A"]
["下列属于职业忠诚层次的一项是（ ）。","单选题","将就着工作","认真地工作","忘我地工作","执着地工作","D"]
["人们忠诚自己职业的最大动力是（ ）。","单选题","实现自我价值","获得社会赞赏","追求较高职位","谋求更多报酬","A"]
["下列表述错误的一项是（ ）。","单选题","忠诚是对企业文化的认同","忠诚是一种个人的归属需要","忠诚是一种优秀的职业品质","忠诚是获得晋升的捷径","D"]
["下列最能表达“主动”这一观念本质内涵的一项是（ ）。","单选题","不需要别人吩咐而做事","不需要主管的监督检查而工作","不需要外力推动而去做正确的事","不需报酬和鼓励去做分外的事","C"]
["下列表述最恰当的一项是（ ）。","单选题","职业道德品质是从业人员在职业活动中自然形成的，不需要有意识地培养","职业道德养成是指从业人员在职业行为上的自我锻炼和自我改造","从业人员良好的职业道德品质的养成关键在于社会和企业的外在规范和约束","从业人员良好的职业道德品质的养成不仅需要外在的规范和约束，更需要从业人员内在的道德自觉和自我培养","D"]
["职业道德养成的起点和归宿是（ ）。","单选题","职业道德认识和职业道德情感","职业道德情感和职业道德意志","职业道德意志和职业道德行为","职业道德认识和职业道德行为","D"]
["下列对职业活动中“敬畏感”的表述，错误的一项是（ ）。","单选题","敬畏就是从业人员对职业规范和要求的认同和敬仰","敬畏就是从业人员对自己不道德的职业行为所带来的惩罚和人格贬损的畏惧","心中常存敬畏之心的从业人员仅仅是被动地遵守职业道德规范","敬畏使得从业人员对于不道德的职业行为避之惟恐不及","C"]
["培养良好的职业道德情感的关键在于从业人员（ ）。","单选题","提高认识，不断学习","积极体验，自我调节","外在规范，外在培养","自我监督,自我反省","B"]
["下列对于职业道德意志的表述，错误的一项是（ ）。","单选题","职业道德意志就是从业人员在职业活动中坚持或改变职业行为的一种精神力量","职业道德意志是职业道德认识、职业道德情感转化为职业道德行为的桥梁","从业人员培养坚强的职业道德意志面临的外在障碍，主要指个人的不良动机","从业人员培养职业道德意志，离不开正确的职业道德认识和高尚的职业道德情感","C"]
["职业道德是人们（ ）。","单选题","在社会公共生活中所必需遵守的行为规范的总和","在职业活动中所遵守的行为规范的总和","在家庭生活中所应遵循的行为规范的总和","在物质交往和精神交往中产生和发展起来的特殊关系","B"]
["职业技能的形成要具备条件，那么在职业学校接受职业教育属于哪个条件范畴呢？（ ）。","单选题","与职业相关的生理状况","职业知识的系统学习","职业经验的积累","参加职业实践","B"]
["爱岗敬业的涵义是（ ）。","单选题","热爱自己的工作岗位，以恭敬、严肃、负责的态度对待工作","真心诚意，讲究信用，注重质量和信誉","恰如其分地对待人和事，不偏不倚，公平、正义","全心全意为人民服务，一切以人民的利益为出发点和归宿","A"]
["一个人的人生价值是（ ）。","单选题","当领导","成为富翁","高地位","服务群众，奉献社会","D"]
["良好的（ ）有利于从业者职业技能的形成和发挥。","单选题","社会公德","家庭美德","公民道德","职业道德","D"]
["职业道德规范是从业者在（ ）中必须遵守的行为准则。","单选题","职业活动","人际交往","学习活动","社会实践","A"]
["（ ）是一个从业者能够胜任工作的基本条件，也是实现人生价值的基本条件。","单选题","职业技能","职业能力","职业情感","职业意识","A"]
["爱岗敬业的具体要求是（ ）。","单选题","树立职业理想","强化职业责任","行为适度","提高职业技能","D"]
["化工生产人员应坚持做到的“三按”是指（ ）。","单选题","按工艺、按质量、按标准生产","按工艺、按规程、按标准生产","按产量、按质量、按标准生产","按质量、按产量、按时间","B"]
["化工生产人员应坚持做到的“三检”是指（ ）。","单选题","自检、互检、专检","日检、常规检、质检","自检、强制检、专检","日检、自检、专检","A"]
["化工行业从业人员要具备特殊的职业能力这是对从业者的（ ）要求。","单选题","职业素质","职业性格","职业兴趣","职业能力","D"]
["文明生产的内容包括（ ）。","单选题","遵章守纪、优化现场环境、严格工艺纪律、相互配合协调","遵章守纪、相互配合协调、文明操作","保持现场环境、严格工艺纪律、文明操作、相互配合协调","遵章守纪、优化现场环境、保证质量、同事间相互协作","A"]
["在安全操作中化工企业职业纪律的特点（ ）。","单选题","一定的强制性","一定的弹性","一定的自我约束性","一定的团结协作性","A"]
["在生产岗位上把好（ ）是化工行业生产人员职业活动的依据和准则。","单选题","质量关和安全关","产量关","科技创新关","节支增产关","A"]
["在现代化生产过程中，工序之间、车间之间的生产关系是（ ）。","单选题","相互竞争的对手","不同的利益主体","不同的工作岗位","相互配合的整体","D"]
["职业道德基本规范是（ ）。","单选题","爱岗敬业    诚实守信    实现人生价值    促进事业发展","提高综合素质    促进事业发展    实现人生价值     抵制不正之风","爱岗敬业   诚实守信    办事公道    服务群众      奉献社会","提高综合素质    服务群众    奉献社会","C"]
["劳动力供求双方进行劳动交易活动的总称是（ ）。","单选题","人才市场","劳动力市场","人才市场主体","劳动市场","B"]
["专业设置的依据是（ ）。","单选题","学生的要求","学校创收的需要","教育部颁发的专业目录","社会发展和经济建设的需求","D"]
["（ ）成了谋职的新天地。","单选题","国有单位","集体单位","非公有制单位","私人单位","C"]
["职业意识是指（ ）。","单选题","人对社会职业认识的总和","人对理想职业认识的总和","人对求职择业和职业劳动的各种认识的总和","人对各行各业优劣评价的总和","C"]
["综合职业素质的关键是（ ）。","单选题","专业技能素质","科学文化素质","职业道德素质","身体心理素质","A"]
["分析工作中实际能够测量到的数字称为(  )。","单选题","精密数字","准确数字","可靠数字","有效数字","D"]
["1.34×10－3％有效数字是（ ）位。","单选题",6,5,3,8,"C"]
["普通分析用水pH应在(  )。","单选题","5～6","5～6.5","5～7.0","5～7.5","D"]
["下列论述中错误的是(  )。","单选题","方法误差属于系统误差","系统误差包括操作误差","系统误差呈现正态分布","系统误差具有单向性","C"]
["下列数据中，有效数字位数为4位的是(  )。","单选题","[H+]=0.002mol/L","pH＝10.34","w=14.56%","w=0.031%","C"]
["在不加样品的情况下，用测定样品同样的方法、步骤，对空白样品进行定量分析，称之为(  )。","单选题","对照试验","空白试验","平行试验","预试验","B"]
["用同一浓度的NaOH标准溶液分别滴定体积相等的H2SO4溶液和HAc溶液，消耗的体积相等，说明H2SO4溶液和HAc溶液浓度关系是(  )。","单选题","C(H2SO4)=C(HAc)","C(H2SO4)=2C(HAc)","2C(H2SO4)=C(HAc)","4C(H2SO4)=C(HAc)","C"]
["物质的量单位是(  )。","单选题","g","kg","mol","mol/L","C"]
["某标准滴定溶液的浓度为0.5010moL·L-1，它的有效数字是(  )。","单选题","5位","4位","3位","2位","B"]
["测定某试样，五次结果的平均值为32.30%，S=0.13%，置信度为95%时（t=2.78）,置信区间报告如下，其中合理的是哪个(  )。","单选题","32.30±0.16","32.30±0.162","32.30±0.1616","32.30±0.21","A"]
["在CH3OH+6MnO4-+8OH-=6MnO42-+CO32-+6H2O反应中CH3OH的基本单元是(  )。","单选题","CH3OH","1/2CH3OH","1/3CH3OH","1/6CH3OH","D"]
["以下用于化工产品检验的哪些器具属于国家计量局发布的强制检定的工作计量器具(  )。","单选题","量筒、天平","台秤、密度计","烧杯、砝码","温度计、量杯","B"]
["优级纯试剂的标签颜色是(  )。","单选题","红色","蓝色","玫瑰红色","深绿色","D"]
["滴定管在记录读数时，小数点后应保留（ ）位。","单选题",1,2,3,4,"B"]
["下列叙述错误的是(  )。","单选题","误差是以真值为标准的，偏差是以平均值为标准的","对某项测定来说，它的系统误差大小是可以测定的","在正态分布条件下，σ值越小，峰形越矮胖","平均偏差常用来表示一组测量数据的分散程度","C"]
["下列关于平行测定结果准确度与精密度的描述正确的有(  )。","单选题","精密度高则没有随机误差;","精密度高测准确度一定高;","精密度高表明方法的重现性好;","存在系统误差则精密度一定不高.","C"]
["系统误差的性质是(  )。","单选题","随机产生;","具有单向性;","呈正态分布;","难以测定;","B"]
["使用安瓿球称样时，先要将球泡部在（ ）中微热。","单选题","热水","烘箱","油浴","火焰","D"]
["国家标准规定化学试剂的密度是指在（ ）时单位体积物质的质量。","单选题","28℃","25℃","20℃","23℃","C"]
["测量结果与被测量真值之间的一致程度，称为(  )。","单选题","重复性","再现性","准确性","精密性","C"]
["对某试样进行三次平行测定，得CaO平均含量为30.6%，而真实含量为30.3%，则30.6%-30.3%=0.3%为(  )。","单选题","相对误差","相对偏差","绝对误差","绝对偏差","C"]
["由计算器算得的结果为12.004471，按有效数字运算规则应将结果修约为(  )。","单选题",12,"12.0","12.00",12.004,"C"]
["下列溶液中需要避光保存的是(  )。","单选题","氢氧化钾；","碘化钾；","氯化钾；","硫酸钾。","B"]
["表示一组测量数据中，最大值与最小值之差的叫做(  )。","单选题","绝对误差","绝对偏差","极差","平均偏差","C"]
["关于偏差，下列说法错误的是(  )。","单选题","平均偏差都是正值","相对偏差都是正值","标准偏差有与测定值相同的单位","平均偏差有与测定值相同的单位","B"]
["弱酸型离子交换树脂对（ ）亲和力最强。","单选题","Na+","Fe3+","Ce4+","H+","D"]
["使用时需倒转灭火器并摇动的是(  )。","单选题","1211灭火器","干粉灭火器","二氧化碳灭火器","泡沫灭火器","D"]
["有效数字是指实际上能测量得到的数字，只保留末一位（ ）数字，其余数字均为准确数字。","单选题","可疑","准确","不可读","可读","A"]
["没有磨口部件的玻璃仪器是(  )。","单选题","碱式滴定管","碘瓶","酸式滴定管","称量瓶","A"]
["欲配制0.2mol/L的H2SO4溶液和0.2mol/L的HCl溶液，应选用（ ）量取浓酸。","单选题","量筒","容量瓶","酸式滴定管","移液管","A"]
["只能量取一种体积(  )。","单选题","吸量管","移液管","量筒","量杯","B"]
["当滴定管若有油污时可用（ ）洗涤后，依次用自来水冲洗、蒸馏水洗涤三遍备用。","单选题","清水","铬酸洗液","强碱溶液","都不对","B"]
["一个样品分析结果的准确度不好，但精密度好，可能存在(  )。","单选题","操作失误","记录有差错","使用试剂不纯","随机误差大","C"]
["34.2gAl2(SO4)3(M=342g/mol)溶解成1升水溶液，则此溶液中SO42-离子的总浓度是(  )。","单选题","0.02mol/L","0.03mol/L","0.2mol/L","0.3mol/L","D"]
["衡量样本平均值的离散程度时，应采用(  )。","单选题","标准偏差","相对标准偏差","极差","平均值的标准偏差","D"]
["配制0.1mol·L-1NaOH标准溶液,下列配制错误的是(  )。","单选题","将NaOH配制成饱和溶液，贮于聚乙烯塑料瓶中，密封放置至溶液清亮，取清液5ml注入1升不含CO2的水中摇匀，贮于无色试剂瓶中","将4.02克NaOH溶于1升水中，加热搅拌，贮于磨口瓶中","将4克NaOH溶于1升水中，加热搅拌，贮于无色试剂瓶中","将2克NaOH溶于500ml水中，加热搅拌，贮于无色试剂瓶中","B"]
["有关汞的处理错误的是(  )。","单选题","汞盐废液先调节PH值至8-10加入过量Na2S后再加入FeSO4生成HgS、FeS共沉淀再作回收处理","洒落在地上的汞可用硫磺粉盖上，干后清扫","实验台上的汞可采用适当措施收集在有水的烧杯","散落过汞的地面可喷洒20%FeCl2水溶液，干后清扫","D"]
["铬酸洗液经使用后氧化能力降低至不能使用，可将其加热除去水份后再加（ ），待反应完全后，滤去沉淀物即可使用。","单选题","硫酸亚铁","高锰酸钾粉末","锰酸钾粉末","盐酸","B"]
["下列易燃易爆物存放不正确的是(  )。","单选题","分析实验室不应贮存大量易燃的有机溶剂","金属钠保存在水里","存放药品时，应将氧化剂与有机化合物和还原剂分开保存","爆炸性危险品残渣不能倒入废物缸","B"]
["以下基准试剂使用前干燥条件不正确的是(  )。","单选题","无水Na2CO3   270～300℃","ZnO    800℃","CaCO3   800℃","邻苯二甲酸氢钾105～110℃","C"]
["将20mL某NaCl溶液通过氢型离子交换树脂，经定量交换后，流出液用0.1mol/LNaOH溶液滴定时耗去40mL。该NaCl溶液的浓度(单位：mol/L)为：(  )。","单选题","0.05；","0.1；",0.2,"0.3。","C"]
["将置于普通干燥器中保存的Na2B4O7·10H2O作为基准物质用于标定盐酸的浓度，则盐酸的浓度将(  )。","单选题","偏高","偏低","无影响","不能确定","B"]
["下列哪些溶剂可作为反相键合相色谱的极性改性剂(  )。","单选题","正己烷","乙腈","氯仿","水","B"]
["在液相色谱中，为了改变色谱柱的选择性，可以进行如下哪些操作(  )。","单选题","改变流动相的种类或柱子","改变固定相的种类或柱长","改变固定相的种类和流动相的种类","改变填料的粒度和柱长","C"]
["从石油分馏得到的固体石蜡，用氯气漂白后，燃烧时会产生含氯元素的气体，这是由于石蜡在漂白时与氯气发生过（ ）。","单选题","加成反应","取代反应","聚合反应","催化裂化反应","B"]
["下列物质中，在不同条件下能分别发生氧化﹑消去﹑酯化反应的是（ ）。","单选题","乙醇","乙醛","乙酸","苯甲酸","A"]
["下列反应属于脱水反应的是（ ）。","单选题","乙烯与水反应","乙烯与溴水反应","乙醇与浓硫酸共热170℃反应","乙烯与氯化氢在一定条件下反应","C"]
["某同学将带火星的木条插入一瓶无色气体中，木条剧烈燃烧，该气体可能是（ ）。","单选题","空气","氧气","氮气","二氧化碳","B"]
["下列气体有臭鸡蛋气味的是（ ）。","单选题","HCl","SO2","H2S","NO","C"]
["氨气和氯化氢气体一样，可以作喷泉实验，这是由于（ ）。","单选题","氨的密度比空气小","氨水的密度比水小","氨分子是极性分子，极易溶于水","氨气很容易液化","C"]
["下列关于金属钠的叙述，错误的是（ ）。","单选题","钠与水作用生成氢气，同时生成氢氧化钠","少量的钠通常贮存在煤油里","在自然界中，钠可以单质的形式存在","金属钠的熔点低、密度小、硬度小","C"]
["工业上所谓的“三酸两碱”中的两碱通常是指（ ）。","单选题","氢氧化钠和氢氧化钾","碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠","氢氧化钠和碳酸氢钠","氢氧化钠和碳酸钠","D"]
["最容易脱水的化合物是（ ）。","单选题","R3COH","R2CHOH","CH3OH","RCH2OH","A"]
["下列反应不属于氧化反应的是（ ）。","单选题","乙烯通入酸性高锰酸钾溶液中","烯烃催化加氢","天然气燃烧","醇在一定条件下反应生成醛","B"]
["下列钠盐中，可认为是沉淀(  )。","单选题","Na2CO3","Na2SiF6","NaHSO4","酒石酸锑钠","B"]
["空心阴极灯内充的气体是（ ）。","单选题","大量的空气","大量的氖或氩等惰性气体","少量的空气","少量的氖或氩等惰性气体","D"]
["电极电位对判断氧化还原反应的性质很有用，但它不能判断（ ）。","单选题","氧化还原反应的完全程度","氧化还原反应速率","氧化还原反应的方向","氧化还原能力的大小","B"]
["氯气和二氧化硫皆可用作漂白剂。若同时用于漂白一种物质时，其漂白效果会（ ）。","单选题","增强","不变","减弱","不能确定","C"]
["下列物质，哪种不能由乙烯直接合成（ ）。","单选题","乙酸","乙醇","乙醛","合成塑料","A"]
["通常用（ ）作判据来判断化学反应进行的方向。","单选题","热力学能","焓","熵","吉布斯函数","D"]
["一个人精确地计算了他一天当中做功所需付出的能量，包括工作、学习、运动、散步、读书、看电视、甚至作梦等等，共12800kJ。所以他认为每天所需摄取的能量总值就是12800kJ。这个结论是否正确（ ）。","单选题","正确","违背热力学第一定律","违背热力学第二定律","很难说","C"]
["“三苯”指的是（ ）。","单选题","苯，甲苯，乙苯","苯，甲苯，苯乙烯","苯，苯乙烯，乙苯","苯，甲苯，二甲苯","D"]
["在恒定温度下，向一容积为2dm3的抽空容器中依次充初始状态为100kPa，2dm3的气体A和200kPa、2dm3的气体B。A、B均可当作理想气体，且A、B之间不发生化学反应。容器中混合气体总压力为（ ）。","单选题","300kPa","200kPa","150kPa","100kPa","A"]
["液化石油气燃烧的化学方程式分别为：CH4+2O2=CO2+2H2O；C3H8+5O2=3CO2+4H2O。现有一套以天然为燃料的灶具，要改为以液化石油气为燃料的灶具，应该采取的措施是（ ）。","单选题","燃料气和空气的进入量都减小","燃料气和空气的进入量都增大","减小燃料气进入量或增大空气进入量","增大燃料气进入量或减小空气进入量","C"]
["将Mg、Al、Zn分别放入相同溶质质量分数的盐酸中，反应完全后，放出的氢气质量相同，其可能原因是（ ）。","单选题","放入的三种金属质量相同，盐酸足量","放入的Mg、Al、Zn的质量比为12:18:32.5，盐酸足量","盐酸质量相同，放入足量的三种金属","放入盐酸的质量比为3:2:1，反应后无盐酸剩余","C"]
["体积为1L的干燥烧瓶中用排气法收集HCl后，测得烧瓶内气体对氧气的相对密度为1.082。用此烧瓶做喷泉实验，当喷泉停止后进入烧瓶液体的体积是（ ）。","单选题","1L","3/4L","1/2L","1/4L","B"]
["将等物质的量的SO2﹑H2S于常温下在定容的密闭容器中充分反应后恢复到常温，容器内是原压强的（ ）。","单选题","1/2","1/4","<1/4",">1/4","B"]
["甲苯苯环上的1个氢原子被含3个碳原子的烷基取代，可能得到的一元取代物有（ ）。","单选题","三种","四种","五种","六种","D"]
["测得某合成氨反应中合成塔入口气体体积比为：N2：H2：NH3=6：18：1，出气口为：N2：H2：NH3=9：27：8，则氨的转化率为：（ ）。","单选题",{"v":0.2,"d":"20%"},{"v":0.25,"d":"25%"},{"v":0.5,"d":"50%"},{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},"B"]
["酸雨主要是燃烧含硫燃料时释放出的SO2造成的，收集一定量的雨水每隔一段时间测定酸雨的PH，随时间的推移测得PH（ ）。","单选题","逐渐变大","逐渐变小至某一定值","不变","无法判断是否变化","B"]
["下列叙述错误的是(  )。","单选题","误差是以真值为标准的，偏差是以平均值为标准的","对某项测定来说，它的系统误差大小是可以测定的","某项测定的精度越好，其准确度也越好","标准偏差是用数理统计方法处理测定数据而获得的","C"]
["H2、N2、02三种理想气体分别盛于三个容器中,当温度和密度相同时,这三种气体的压强关系是（ ）。","单选题","PH2＝PN2＝P02","PH2＞PN2＞P02","PH2＜PN2＜P02","不能判断大小","B"]
["理想气体经历绝热自由膨胀,下述答案中哪一个正确（ ）。","单选题","ΔU＞0，ΔS＞0","ΔU＜0，ΔS＜O","ΔU＝0，ΔS＜0","ΔU＝0，ΔS＞0","D"]
["在抽真空的容器中加热固体NH4C1（s）,有一部分分解成NH3(g)和HCl(g),当体系建立平衡时,其独立组分数C和自由度数f是（ ）。","单选题","c=lf=l","c=2f=2","c=3f=3","c=2f=1","A"]
["用25mL的移液管移出的溶液体积应记为:（ ）。","单选题","25mL","25.0mL","25.00mL","25.0000mL","C"]
["有关滴定管的使用错误的是（ ）。","单选题","使用前应洗净，并检漏","滴定前应保证尖嘴部分无气泡","要求较高时，要进行体积校正","为保证标准溶液浓度不变，使用前可加热烘干","D"]
["根据置信度为95%对某项分析结果计算后，写出的合理分析结果表达式应为（ ）。","单选题","（25.48±0.1）%","（25.48±0.13）%","（25.48±0.135）%","（25.48±0.1348）%","B"]
["在纯水中加入一些酸，则溶液中（ ）。","单选题","[H+][OH-]的乘积增大","[H+][OH-]的乘积减小","[H+][OH-]的乘积不变","[OH-]浓度增加","C"]
["关于标准压力，1993年根据GB3100-P3规定标准压力为（ ）。","单选题","1atm","101.3kPa","100kPa","都不是","C"]
["在温度、容积恒定的容器中，含有A和B两种理想气体，它们的物质的量、分压和分体积分别为nA、pA、VA和nB、pB、VB，容器中的总压力为P，试判断下列公式中哪个是正确的（ ）。","单选题","pAV=nART","pBV=（nA+nB）RT","pAVA=nART","pBVB=nBRT","A"]
["有一高压钢筒，打开活塞后气体喷出筒外，当筒内压力与筒外压力相等时关闭活塞，此时筒内温度将（ ）。","单选题","不变","降低","升高","无法判断","B"]
["在一个密闭绝热的房间里放置一台电冰箱，将冰箱门打开，并接通电源使其工作，过一段时间之后，室内的气温将如何变化（ ）。","单选题","升高","降低","不变","无法判断","A"]
["在恒温抽空的玻璃罩中，用规格相同的甲乙两个杯子放入其中，杯甲装糖水，杯乙装纯水，两者液面高度相同。经历若干时间后，两杯液体的的液面高度将是：（ ）。","单选题","甲杯高于乙杯","甲杯等于乙杯","甲杯低于乙杯","不能确定","A"]
["向1毫升pH＝1．8的盐酸中加入水（ ）才能使溶液的pH＝2．8。","单选题","9ml","10ml","8ml","12ml","A"]
["在标准物质下，相同质量的下列气体中体积最大的是（ ）。","单选题","氧气","氮气","二氧化硫","二氧化碳","B"]
["NaCl水溶液和纯水经半透膜达成渗透平衡时，该体系的自由度是：（ ）。","单选题",1,2,3,4,"C"]
["由乙烯和乙醇蒸气组成的混和气体中，若碳元素的质量百分含量为60%，则氧元素的质量百分含量为（ ）。","单选题",{"v":0.156,"d":"15.60%"},{"v":0.267,"d":"26.70%"},{"v":0.3,"d":"30%"},"无法确定","B"]
["在国际单位制中，范德华气体状态方程式中常数a的单位是（ ）。","单选题","Pa","Pa·m3/mol","Pa·m6/mol2","Pa·m6","C"]
["将0.1mol/L的氨水稀释4倍，解离度是原来的（ ）。","单选题","2倍","4倍","1/4倍","1/2倍","A"]
["下列试剂（1）钠（2）银氨溶液（3）费林试剂（4）石蕊试剂中不能用于检验有机物分子中的—C—H官能团的是（ ）。","单选题","（1）和（2）","（2）和（3）","（3）和（4）","（1）和（4）","D"]
["若混合气体中氨的体积分率为0.5，其摩尔比（ ）。","单选题",0.5,1,0.3,0.1,"B"]
["工业上常用来焊接或切断金属材料的气体是（ ）。","单选题","丙烷","乙烯","氢气","乙炔","D"]
["下列参数不是电渗析器的性能指标的是（ ）。","单选题","淡水产量","脱盐率","电能消耗","渗析时间","D"]
["单位体积的流体所具有的质量称为（ ）。","单选题","比容","密度","压强","相对密度","B"]
["真实压力比大气压高出的数值通常用下列那一项表示(  )。","单选题","真空度","绝对压强","表压","压强","C"]
["流体在流动时产生内摩擦力的性质叫做粘性，衡量粘性大小的物理量称为(  )。","单选题","摩擦系数","粘度系数","粘度","运动粘度","C"]
["热力学第一定律的物理意义是体系的内能增量等于体系吸入的热与环境对体系所做的功之和。其内能用下列哪一项表示：(  )。","单选题","Q","△U","W","△H","B"]
["评价化工生产效果的常用指标有：(  )。","单选题","停留时间","生产成本","催化剂的活性","生产能力","D"]
["反应器中参加反应的乙炔量为550kg/h，加入反应器的乙炔量为5000kg/h则乙炔转化率为：(  )。","单选题",{"v":0.91,"d":"91%"},{"v":0.11,"d":"11%"},{"v":0.9167,"d":"91.67%"},{"v":0.21,"d":"21%"},"B"]
["液体密度随温度的升高而（ ）。","单选题","增加","下降","不变","无规律性","B"]
["水在10℃时的焓41.87kJ/kg，20℃时的焓83.73kJ/kg。若采用线性内插，水在15℃的焓为（ ）kJ/kg。","单选题",83.73,41.87,70.5,62.8,"D"]
["在非金属液体中，（ ）的导热系数最高。","单选题","水","乙醇","甘油","甲醇","A"]
["有一湿纸浆含水50%，干燥后原有水分的50%除去，干纸浆中纸浆的组成为（ ）。","单选题",{"v":0.5,"d":"50%"},{"v":0.25,"d":"25%"},{"v":0.75,"d":"75%"},{"v":0.67,"d":"67%"},"D"]
["带有循环物流的化工生产过程中的单程转化率的统计数据（ ）总转化率的统计数据。","单选题","大于","小于","等于","不确定","B"]
["某液体的比体积为0.001m3/kg，则其密度为（ ）kg/m3。","单选题",1000,1200,810,900,"A"]
["在氯苯硝化生产一硝基氯化苯生产车间，一硝基氯化苯收率为80%，选择性为90%，则氯化苯的转化率为（ ）。","单选题",{"v":0.939,"d":"93.90%"},{"v":0.9016,"d":"90.16%"},{"v":0.924,"d":"92.40%"},{"v":0.889,"d":"88.90%"},"D"]
["设备内的真空度愈高，即说明设备内的绝对压强（ ）。","单选题","越大","越小","愈偏离大气压","愈接近大气压","B"]
["物质的导热系数，一般来说：金属的导热系数（ ）。","单选题","最小","最大","较小","较大","B"]
["对于纯物质来说，在一定压力下，它的泡点温度和露点温度的关系是（ ）。","单选题","相同","泡点温度大于露点温度","泡点温度小于露点温度","无关系","A"]
["在金属固体中热传导是（ ）引起的。","单选题","分子的不规则运动","自由电子运动","个别分子的动量传递","原子核振动","B"]
["熔融指数与分子量的关系是（ ）。","单选题","分子量越高，熔融指数低","分子量越低，熔融指数低","分子量越高，熔融指数高","无关系","A"]
["单位质量的某物质，温度升高或降低1K时，所吸收或放出的热量称这种物质的（ ）。","单选题","焓","比热","显热","潜热","B"]
["转化率Z、选择性X、单程收率S的关系是：(  )。","单选题","Z=XS","X=ZS","S=ZX","以上关系都不是","C"]
["反映热空气容纳水气能力的参数是(  )。","单选题","绝对湿度","相对湿度","湿容积","湿比热容","B"]
["液体的饱和蒸汽压用符号p0表示，其表达了下列：(  )。","单选题","液体的相对挥发度","液体的挥发度","液体的相对湿度","液体的湿度","B"]
["下列状态函数中为自由焓变和焓变的符号是：(  )。","单选题","ΔG、ΔU","ΔH、ΔG","ΔU、ΔH","ΔG、ΔH","D"]
["乙醛氧化生产醋酸，原料投料量为纯度99.4%的乙醛500kg/h，得到的产物为纯度98%的醋酸580kg/h，计算乙醛的理论及实际消耗定额。","单选题","723、862","500、623","723、826","862、723","A"]
["丙烯氧化生产丙烯酸中，原料丙烯投料量为600kg/h，出料中有丙烯醛640kg/h，另有未反应的丙烯25kg/h，计算原料丙烯选择性。","单选题",{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},{"v":0.9583,"d":"95.83%"},{"v":0.8348,"d":"83.48%"},{"v":0.79,"d":"79%"},"C"]
["25℃，总压为100kPa，充有36gH2，28gN2的容器中，H2的分压为（ ）。","单选题","94.7kPa","94.7Pa","5.26kPa","5.26Pa","A"]
["乙炔与醋酸催化合成醋酸乙烯酯，已知新鲜乙炔的流量为600kg/h，混合乙炔的流量为5000kg/h，反应后乙炔的流量为4450kg/h，循环乙炔的流量为4400kg/h，驰放乙炔的流量为50kg/h,则乙炔的单程转化率和总转化率分别为(  )。","单选题","11%    91.67%","13%    91.67%","11%    93.55%","13%    93.55%","A"]
["纯液体的饱和蒸汽压取决于所处的（ ）。","单选题","压力","温度","压力和温度","海拔高度","B"]
["对于活化能越大的反应，速率常数随温度变化越（ ）。","单选题","大","小","无关","不确定","A"]
["关于物质的导热系数，一般地，下列说法正确的是（ ）。","单选题","金属最大、非金属次之、液体较小、气体最小","金属最大、非金属固体次之、液体较小、气体最小","液体最大、金属次之、非金属固体较小、气体最小","非金属固体最大、金属次之、液体较小、气体最小","B"]
["在相同压力下,物质的汽化热和冷凝热在数值（ ）。","单选题","相等","不相等","无关系","是否相等要视大气压力而定","A"]
["化工过程参数有（ ）。","单选题","技术参数、经济参数、工艺参数","技术参数、平衡常数、速率常数","技术参数、经济参数、物性参数","平衡常数、速率常数、物性参数","A"]
["气体和液体的密度分别为ρ1和ρ2，当温度下降时两者的变化为（ ）。","单选题","ρ1和ρ2均减小","ρ1和ρ2均增大","ρ1增大，ρ2减小","ρ1减小，ρ2增大","B"]
["被绝热材料包围的房间内放有一电冰箱，将电冰箱门打开的同时向冰箱供给电能而使其运行。室内的温度将（ ）。","单选题","逐渐降低","逐渐升高","不变","无法确定","B"]
["在任意条件下，任一基元反应的活化能Ea（ ）。","单选题","一定大于零","一定小于零","一定等于零","条件不全，无法确定","A"]
["单程转化率、选择性与单程收率的关系是（ ）。","单选题","单程转化率×选择性＝单程收率","单程转化率×单程收率＝选择性","单程收率×选择性＝单程转化率","无任何关系","A"]
["通过5000kg/h的原料乙烷进行裂解制乙烯。反应掉的乙烷量为3000kg/h，得到乙烯量为1980kg/h，该反应的选择性为（ ）。","单选题",{"v":0.6,"d":"60%"},{"v":0.707,"d":"70.70%"},{"v":0.396,"d":"39.60%"},{"v":0.204,"d":"20.40%"},"B"]
["水在常压下的沸腾温度为100℃，如果现在的压力为0.3Mpa，温度仍为100℃，此时水的状态为（ ）。","单选题","蒸汽","沸腾","过热","液态","D"]
["节流过程为（ ）。","单选题","前后焓相等的过程","等熵过程","等压过程","等温过程","A"]
["对于R+2S==P+Q反应，原料2molR，3molS，生成了1molP与1molQ，则对于R的转化率为（ ）。","单选题",{"v":0.4,"d":"40%"},{"v":0.5,"d":"50%"},{"v":0.667,"d":"66.70%"},{"v":1,"d":"100%"},"B"]
["实际生产中锻烧含有94%CaCO3的石灰石500kg得到的生石灰实际产量为253kg，其产品收率为（ ）。","单选题",{"v":0.506,"d":"50.60%"},{"v":0.538,"d":"53.80%"},{"v":0.904,"d":"90.40%"},{"v":0.962,"d":"96.20%"},"D"]
["在下列热力学数据中，属于状态函数的是（ ）。","单选题","内能、自由焓、焓","功、内能、焓","自由焓、焓、热","功、焓、热","A"]
["对于同一个反应，反应速度常数主要与（ ）有关(  )。","单选题","温度、压力、溶剂等","压力、溶剂、催化剂等","温度、溶剂、催化剂等","温度、压力、催化剂等","D"]
["导热系数是衡量物质导热能力的物理量。一般来说（ ）的导热系数最大(  )。","单选题","金属","非金属","液体","气体","A"]
["在制冷循环中，获得低温流体的方法是用高压、常温的流体进行（ ）来实现的。","单选题","绝热压缩","蒸发","冷凝","绝热膨胀","D"]
["流体流经节流阀前后，（ ）不变。","单选题","焓值","熵值","内能","压力","A"]
["以下哪种措施不能提高蒸汽动力循环过程的热效率（ ）。","单选题","提高蒸汽的温度","提高蒸汽的压力","采用再热循环","提高乏汽的温度","D"]
["导热系数的SI单位为：（ ）。","单选题","W/(m.℃)","W/(m2.℃)","J/(m.℃)","J/(m2.℃)","A"]
["以下有关空间速度的说法，不正确的是：（ ）。","单选题","空速越大，单位时间单位体积催化剂处理的原料气量就越大","空速增加，原料气与催化剂的接触时间缩短，转化率下降","空速减小，原料气与催化剂的接触时间增加，主反应的选择性提高","空速的大小影响反应的选择性与转化率","C"]
["用铁制成三个大小不同的球体，则三个球体的密度是（ ）。","单选题","体积小的密度大","体积大的密度也大","三个球体的密度相同","不能确定","C"]
["相变潜热是指（ ）。","单选题","物质发生相变时吸收的热量或释放的热量","物质发生相变时吸收的热量","物质发生相变时释放的热量","不能确定","A"]
["化学反应热不仅与化学反应有关，而且与（ ）。","单选题","反应温度和压力有关","参加反应物质的量有关","物质的状态有关","以上三种情况有关","D"]
["温度对流体的粘度有一定的影响，当温度升高时，（ ）。","单选题","液体和气体的粘度都降低","液体和气体的粘度都升高","液体的粘度升高、而气体的粘度降低","液体的粘度降低、而气体的粘度升高","D"]
["由于乙烷裂解制乙烯，投入反应器的乙烷量为5000kg/h，裂解气中含有未反应的乙烷量为1000kg/h，获得的乙烯量为3400kg/h，乙烷的转化率为（ ）。","单选题",{"v":0.68,"d":"68%"},{"v":0.8,"d":"80%"},{"v":0.9,"d":"90%"},{"v":0.911,"d":"91.10%"},"B"]
["由于乙烷裂解制乙烯，投入反应器的乙烷量为5000kg/h，裂解气中含有未反应的乙烷量为1000kg/h，获得的乙烯量为3400kg/h，乙烯的收率为（ ）。","单选题",{"v":0.5466,"d":"54.66%"},{"v":0.7288,"d":"72.88%"},{"v":0.8199,"d":"81.99%"},{"v":0.8299,"d":"82.99%"},"B"]
["在100kPa时，水的沸点是（ ）℃。","单选题",100,98.3,99.6,99.9,"C"]
["水在（）时的密度为1000kg/m3。","单选题","0℃","100℃","4℃","25℃","C"]
["在法定单位中，恒压热容和恒容热容的单位都是（）。","单选题","kJ×mol-1×K-1","kcal×mol-1×K-1","J×mol-1×K-1","kJ×kmol-1×K-1","C"]
["化学反应速度常数与下列因素中的（）无关。","单选题","温度","浓度","反应物特性","活化能","B"]
["在吸收操作中，以气相分压差（pA－p*A）为推动力的总传质系数Kg中不包含（）。","单选题","气相传质系数kg","液相传质系数kl","溶解度系数H","亨利系数E","D"]
["某一化学反应器中的A原料每小时进料500公斤，进冷却器的A原料每小时50公斤，该反应选择性为90%。反应的转化率、收率为（）。","单选题","90%   90%","95%   85%","90%    81%","85%   95%","C"]
["对于某一反应系统，存在如下两个反应：（1）A+2B===C+D①主反应，目的产物为C（2）3A+4B===E+F②副反应已知反应器入口A=10mol，出口C=6mol，E=1mol，则此反应系统中反应物A的转化率、目的产物的选择性分别为：（）。","单选题","80%、85%","90%、66.67%","85%、66.67%","60%、75%。","B"]
["单程转化率指：（ ）。","单选题","目的产物量/进入反应器的原料总量´100%","目的产物量/参加反应的原料量´100%","目的产物量/生成的副产物量´100%","参加反应的原料量/进入反应器的原料总量´100%","D"]
["乙炔与氯化氢加成生产氯乙烯。通入反应器的原料乙炔量为1000Kg/h，出反应器的产物组成中乙炔含量为300Kg/h。已知按乙炔计生成氯乙烯的选择性为90%，则按乙炔计氯乙烯的收率为（ ）。","单选题",{"v":0.3,"d":"30%"},{"v":0.7,"d":"70%"},{"v":0.63,"d":"63%"},{"v":0.9,"d":"90%"},"C"]
["在间歇反应器中进行一级如反应时间为1小时转化率为0.8，如反应时间为2小时转化率为（ ），如反应时间为0.5小时转化率为（ ）。","单选题","0.9、0.5","0.96、0.55","0.96、0.5","0.9、0.55","B"]
["由乙烯制取二氯乙烷，反应式为C2H4+Cl2ClH2C-CH2Cl。通入反应的乙烯量为600Kg/h，其中乙烯含量为92%（wt%），反应后得到二氯乙烷为1700Kg/h，并测得尾气中乙烯量为40Kg/h，则乙烯的转化率、二氯乙烷的产率及收率分别是(  )。","单选题","93.3%、94%、92.8%","93.3%、95.1%、93.2%","94.1%   95.4%    93.1%","94.1%   95.6%   96.7%","A"]
["mol/L是（ ）的计量单位。","单选题","浓度","压强","体积","功率","A"]
["温度升高，液体的粘度（ ），气体的粘度（ ）。","单选题","减小，减小","增大，增大","减小，增大","增大，减小","C"]
["R=82.06atm·cm3/（mol·K）可换算成（ ）kJ/（kmol·K）。","单选题",8.314,83.14,0.082,8.2,"A"]
["在下列参数中以（ ）可更为准确的判断液体分离的难易程度。","单选题","沸点差","浓度差","粘度差","相对挥发度","D"]
["某氯碱厂每天需要90℃食盐饱和溶液10t，一年按330天计算，需要（ ）t含量为93%的食盐。（食盐90℃时的溶解度为39g）（  ）。","单选题",995.59,982.37,998.56,979.2,"A"]
["在0℃和1atm下，若CCl4蒸气可近似的作为理想气体处理，则其密度(g/l)为（ ）。","单选题",4.52,6.88,3.7,3.44,"B"]
["H2和O2以2:1的比例在绝热的钢瓶中反应而生成水，在该过程中正确的是（ ）。","单选题","△H=0","△T=0","△P=0","△U=0","D"]
["水的三相点附近，其蒸发热和熔化热分别为44.82和5.994kJ/mol,则在三相点附近冰的升华热（kJ/mol）约为（ ）。","单选题",38.83,50.81,-38.83,-50.81,"B"]
["理想气体状态方程式适用于（ ）的气体。","单选题","高温低压","低温低压","高温高压","低温高压","A"]
["下列4次平行测定的实验结果中，精密度最好的是（ ）。","单选题","30%，31%，33%，34%","26%，29%，35%，38%","34%，35%，35%，34%","32%，31%，33%，38%","C"]
["按被测组分含量来分，分析方法中常量组分分析指含量（ ）。","单选题","＜0.1％","＞0.1％","＜1％","＞1％","D"]
["比较两组测定结果的精密度:甲组：0.19％，0.19％，0.20％，0.21％，0.21％,乙组：0.18％，0.20％，0.20％，0.21％，0.22％（ ）。","单选题","甲、乙两组相同","甲组比乙组高","乙组比甲组高","无法判别","B"]
["试液取样量为1～10mL的分析方法称为（ ）。","单选题","微量分析","常量分析","半微量分析","超微量分析","B"]
["吸收瓶内装有许多细玻璃管或一支气泡喷管是为了（ ）。","单选题","增大气体的通路","延长吸收时间","加快吸收速度","减小吸收面积","C"]
["可用下述那种方法减少滴定过程中的偶然误差（ ）。","单选题","进行对照试验","进行空白试验","进行仪器校准","进行分析结果校正","D"]
["分析纯化学试剂标签颜色为：（ ）。","单选题","绿色","棕色","红色","蓝色","C"]
["用15mL的移液管移出的溶液体积应记为（ ）。","单选题","15mL","15.0mL","15.00mL","15.000mL","C"]
["直接法配制标准溶液必须使用（ ）。","单选题","基准试剂","化学纯试剂","分析纯试剂","优级纯试剂","A"]
["现需要配制0.1000mol/LK2Cr2O7溶液，下列量器中最合适的量器是（ ）。","单选题","容量瓶；","量筒；","刻度烧杯；","酸式滴定管。","A"]
["计量器具的检定标识为黄色说明（ ）。","单选题","合格，可使用","不合格应停用","检测功能合格，其他功能失效","没有特殊意义","C"]
["根据相似相溶原理，丙醇易溶于（ ）中。","单选题","四氯化碳","丙酮","苯","水","D"]
["实验室所使用的玻璃量器，都要经过（ ）的检定。","单选题","国家计量部门；","国家计量基准器具；","地方计量部门；","社会公用计量标准器具。","B"]
["实验室中常用的铬酸洗液是由哪两种物质配制的（ ）。","单选题","K2CrO4和浓H2SO4","K2CrO4和浓HCl","K2Cr2O7和浓HCl","K2Cr2O7和浓H2SO4","D"]
["欲配制1000mL0.1mol/LHCl溶液，应取浓盐酸(12mol/LHCl)（ ）毫升?","单选题","0.84mL；","8.4mL；","1.2mL；","12mL；","B"]
["制备好的试样应贮存于（ ）中，并贴上标签。","单选题","广口瓶","烧杯","称量瓶","干燥器","A"]
["配制酚酞指示剂选用的溶剂是（ ）。","单选题","水-甲醇","水-乙醇","水","水-丙酮","B"]
["下面不宜加热的仪器是（ ）。","单选题","试管","坩埚","蒸发皿","移液管","D"]
["有关称量瓶的使用错误的是（ ）。","单选题","不可作反应器","不用时要盖紧盖子","盖子要配套使用","用后要洗净","B"]
["200mlNa2SO4溶液正好与250ml2mol·L-1Ba(NO3)3溶液反应，则Na2SO4溶液的物质的量浓度为（ ）。","单选题","2mol·L-1","1.25mol·L-1","1mol·L-1","2.5mol·L-1","D"]
["痕量组分的分析应使用（ ）水。","单选题","一级","二级","三级","四级","B"]
["指出下列滴定分析操作中，规范的操作是（ ）。","单选题","滴定之前，用待装标准溶液润洗滴定管三次","滴定时摇动锥形瓶有少量溶液溅出","在滴定前，锥形瓶应用待测液淋洗三次","滴定管加溶液不到零刻度1cm时，用滴管加溶液到溶液弯月面最下端与“0”刻度相切","A"]
["将称量瓶置于烘箱中干燥时，应将瓶盖（ ）。","单选题","横放在瓶口上","盖紧","取下","任意放置","A"]
["实验室用水电导率的测定要注意避免空气中的（ ）溶于水，使水的电导率（ ）。","单选题","氧气，减小","二氧化碳，增大","氧气，增大","二氧化碳，减小","B"]
["实验室中干燥剂二氯化钴变色硅胶失效后，呈现（ ）。","单选题","粉红色","蓝色","黄色","黑色","A"]
["NaHCO3纯度的技术指标为≥99.0%，下列测定结果（ ）不符合标准要求？","单选题",{"v":0.9905,"d":"99.05%"},{"v":0.9901,"d":"99.01%"},{"v":0.9894,"d":"98.94%"},{"v":0.9895,"d":"98.95%"},"C"]
["反应2A（g）=2B（g）+E（g）（正反应为吸热反应）达到平衡时，要使正反应速率降低，A的浓度增大，应采取的措施是（ ）。","单选题","加压","减压","减小E的浓度","降温","D"]
["要同时除去SO2气体中的SO3（气）和水蒸气，应将气体通入（ ）。","单选题","NaOH溶液","饱和NaHSO3溶液","浓H2SO4","CaO粉末","C"]
["配平下列反应式：FeSO4+HNO3+H2SO4＝Fe2(SO4)3+NO↑+H2O，下列答案中系数自左到右正确的是（ ）。","单选题","6，2，2，3，2，4","6，2，3，3，2，4","6，2，1，3，2，1","6，2，3，3，2，9","B"]
["对于H2O2性质的描述正确的是（ ）。","单选题","只有强氧化性","既有氧化性，又有还原性","只有还原性","很稳定，不易发生分解","B"]
["氮分子的结构很稳定的原因是（ ）。","单选题","氮原子是双原子分子","氮是分子晶","在常温常压下，氮分子是气体","氮分子中有个三键，其键能大于一般的双原子分子","D"]
["当离心泵内充满空气时，将发生气缚现象，这是因为（ ）。","单选题","气体的粘度太小","气体的密度太小","气体比液体更容易起漩涡","气体破坏了液体的连续性","B"]
["下列离心泵类型中（ ）是多级泵。","单选题","IS型","SH型","BA型","DG型","D"]
["离心泵的特性曲线是什么（ ）。","单选题","扬程与流量的关系曲线","在转速为某一定值下扬程与流量的关系曲线","在扬程为某一定值下流量与转速的关系曲线","功率与流量的关系曲线","B"]
["某设备进、出口测压仪表中的读数分别为p1（表压）=1200mmHg和p2（真空度）=700mmHg，当地大气压为750mmHg，则两处的绝对压强差为（ ）mmHg。","单选题",500,1250,1150,1900,"D"]
["能用于输送含有悬浮物质流体的是(  )。","单选题","旋塞","截止阀","节流阀","闸阀","A"]
["用“φ外径mm×壁厚mm”来表示规格的是(  )。","单选题","铸铁管","钢管","铅管","水泥管","B"]
["常拆的小管径管路通常用（ ）连接(  )。","单选题","螺纹","法兰","承插式","焊接","A"]
["离心泵的安装高度有一定限制的原因主要是(  )。","单选题","防止产生“气缚”现象","防止产生汽蚀","受泵的扬程的限制","受泵的功率的限制","B"]
["下列流体输送机械中必须安装稳压装置和除热装置的是(  )。","单选题","离心泵","往复泵","往复压缩机","旋转泵","C"]
["输送膏状物应选用(  )。","单选题","离心泵","往复泵","齿轮泵","压缩机","C"]
["密度为1000kg/m3的流体，在φ108×4的管内流动，流速为2m/s，流体的粘度为1cp，其Re为(  )。","单选题",105,"2×107","2×106","2×105","D"]
["下列说法正确的是(  )。","单选题","离心通风机的终压小于1500mmH2O","离心鼓风机的终压为1500H2O~3kgf/cm2，压缩比大于4","离心压缩机终压为3kgf/cm2（表压）以上，压缩比大于4","离心鼓风机的终压为3kgf/cm2，压缩比大于4","C"]
["离心泵的扬程随着流量的增加而(  )。","单选题","增加","减小","不变","无规律性","B"]
["启动离心泵前应(  )。","单选题","关闭出口阀","打开出口阀","关闭入口阀","同时打开入口阀和出口阀","A"]
["离心泵操作中，能导致泵出口压力过高的原因是(  )。","单选题","润滑油不足","密封损坏","排出管路堵塞","冷却水不足","C"]
["离心泵的轴功率N和流量Q的关系为(  )。","单选题","Q增大，N增大","Q增大，N先增大后减小","Q增大，N减小","Q增大，N先减小后增大","A"]
["离心泵在启动前应（ ）出口阀，旋涡泵启动前应（ ）出口阀(  )。","单选题","打开，打开","关闭，打开","打开，关闭","关闭，关闭","B"]
["为了防止（ ）现象发生，启动离心泵时必须先关闭泵的出口阀(  )。","单选题","电机烧坏","叶轮受损","气缚","气蚀","A"]
["叶轮的作用是(  )。","单选题","传递动能","传递位能","传递静压能","传递机械能","D"]
["喘振是（ ）时，所出现的一种不稳定工作状态(  )。","单选题","实际流量大于性能曲线所表明的最小流量","实际流量大于性能曲线所表明的最大流量","实际流量小于性能曲线所表明的最小流量","实际流量小于性能曲线所表明的最大流量","C"]
["离心泵最常用的调节方法是(  )。","单选题","改变吸入管路中阀门开度","改变出口管路中阀门开度","安装回流支路,改变循环量的大小","车削离心泵的叶轮","B"]
["某泵在运行一段时间后发现有气蚀现象应(  )。","单选题","停泵,向泵内灌液","降低泵的安装高度","检查是否有杂质堵塞管路吸入口","检查出口管阻力是否过大","C"]
["将含晶体10%的悬浊液送往料槽宜选用(  )。","单选题","离心泵","往复泵","齿轮泵","喷射泵","A"]
["离心泵铭牌上标明的扬程是(  )。","单选题","功率最大时的扬程","最大流量时的扬程","泵的最大量程","效率最高时的扬程","D"]
["离心通风机铭牌上的标明风压是100mmH2O意思是(  )。","单选题","输任何条件的气体介质的全风压都达到100mmH2O","输送空气时不论流量的多少,全风压都可达到100mmH2O","输送任何气体介质当效率最高时,全风压为100mmH2O","输送20℃,101325Pa的空气,在效率最高时全风压为100mmH2O","D"]
["压强表上的读数表示被测流体的绝对压强比大气压强高出的数值，称为(  )。","单选题","真空度","表压强","相对压强","附加压强","B"]
["流体由1-1截面流入2-2截面的条件是(  )。","单选题","gz1+p1/ρ=gz2+p2/ρ","gz1+p1/ρ>gz2+p2/ρ","gz1+p1/ρ<gz2+p2/ρ","以上都不是","B"]
["泵将液体由低处送到高处的高度差叫做泵的(  )。","单选题","安装高度","扬程","吸上高度","升扬高度","D"]
["造成离心泵气缚原因是(  )。","单选题","安装高度太高","泵内流体平均密度太小","入口管路阻力太大","泵不能抽水","B"]
["试比较离心泵下述三种流量调节方式能耗的大小：（1）阀门调节（节流法）（2）旁路调节（3）改变泵叶轮的转速或切削叶轮(  )。","单选题","(2)>(1)>(3)","(1)>(2)>(3)","(2)>(3)>(1)","(1)>(3)>(2)","A"]
["当两台规格相同的离心泵并联时，只能说(  )。","单选题","在新的工作点处较原工作点处的流量增大一倍","当扬程相同时，并联泵特性曲线上的流量是单台泵特性曲线上流量的两倍","在管路中操作的并联泵较单台泵流量增大一倍","在管路中操作的并联泵扬程与单台泵操作时相同，但流量增大两倍","B"]
["离心泵内导轮的作用是(  )。","单选题","增加转速","改变叶轮转向","转变能量形式，减少能耗","密封","C"]
["当离心压缩机的操作流量小于规定的最小流量时，即可能发生（ ）现象(  )。","单选题","喘振","汽蚀","气塞","气缚","A"]
["当流量、管长和管子的摩擦系数等不变时，管路阻力近似地与管径的（ ）次方成反比(  )。","单选题",2,3,4,5,"D"]
["往复泵的流量调节采用(  )。","单选题","入口阀开度","出口阀开度","出口支路","入口支路","C"]
["往复压缩机的余隙系数越大，压缩比越大，则容积系数(  )。","单选题","越小","越大","不变","无法确定","A"]
["输送表压为0.5Mpa、流量为180m3/h的饱和水蒸汽应选用(  )。","单选题","Dg80的黑铁管","Dg80的无缝钢管","Dg40的黑铁管","Dg40的无缝钢管","D"]
["当两个同规格的离心泵串联使用时，只能说(  )。","单选题","串联泵较单台泵实际的扬程增大一倍","串联泵的工作点处较单台泵的工作点处扬程增大一倍","当流量相同时，串联泵特性曲线上的扬程是单台泵特性曲线上的扬程的两倍","在管路中操作的串联泵，流量与单台泵操作时相同，但扬程增大两倍","C"]
["能自动间歇排除冷凝液并阻止蒸汽排出的是(  )。","单选题","安全阀","减压阀","止回阀","疏水阀","D"]
["符合化工管路的布置原则的是(  )。","单选题","各种管线成列平行，尽量走直线","平行管路垂直排列时，冷的在上，热的在下","并列管路上的管件和阀门应集中安装","一般采用暗线安装","A"]
["离心泵中Y型泵为(  )。","单选题","单级单吸清水泵","多级清水泵","耐腐蚀泵","油泵","D"]
["对于往复泵，下列说法错误的是(  )。","单选题","有自吸作用","实际流量只与单位时间内活塞扫过的面积有关","理论上扬程与流量无关，可以达到无限大","启动前必须先用液体灌满泵体，并将出口阀门关闭","D"]
["对离心泵错误的安装或操作方法是(  )。","单选题","吸入管直径大于泵的吸入口直径","启动前先向泵内灌满液体","启动时先将出口阀关闭","停车时先停电机,再关闭出口阀","D"]
["离心泵与往复泵的相同之处在于(  )。","单选题","工作原理","流量的调节方法","安装高度的限制","流量与扬程的关系","C"]
["在①离心泵②往复泵③旋涡泵④齿轮泵中,能用调节出口阀开度的方法来调节流量的有(  )。","单选题","①②","①③","①","②④","C"]
["离心泵的轴功率是(  )。","单选题","在流量为零时最大","在压头最大时最大","在流量为零时最小","在工作点处为最小","C"]
["离心泵气蚀余量Δh与流量Q的关系为(  )。","单选题","Q增大Δh增大","Q增大Δh减小","Q增大Δh不变","Q增大Δh先增大后减小","A"]
["离心泵的工作点是指(  )。","单选题","与泵最高效率时对应的点","由泵的特性曲线所决定的点","由管路特性曲线所决定的点","泵的特性曲线与管路特性曲线的交点","D"]
["往复泵适应于(  )。","单选题","大流量且要求流量均匀的场合","介质腐蚀性强的场合","流量较小、压头较高的场合","投资较小的场合","C"]
["在测定离心泵性能时，若将压强表装在调节阀后面，则压强表读数p2将(  )。","单选题","随流量增大而减小","随流量增大而增大","随流量增大而基本不变","随流量增大而先增大后减小","B"]
["在选择离心通风机时根据(  )。","单选题","实际风量、实际风压","标准风量、标准风压","标准风量、实际风压","实际风量、标准风压","D"]
["离心泵的调节阀(  )。","单选题","只能安装在进口管路上","只能安装在出口管路上","安装在进口管路或出口管路上均可","只能安装在旁路上","B"]
["离心泵装置中（ ）的滤网可以阻拦液体中的固体颗粒被吸入而堵塞管道和泵壳(  )。","单选题","吸入管路","排出管路","调节管路","分支管路","A"]
["离心泵的实际安装高度（ ）允许安装高度，就可防止气蚀现象发生(  )。","单选题","大于","小于","等于","近似于","B"]
["管件中连接管路支管的部件称为(  )。","单选题","弯头","三通或四通","丝堵","活接头","B"]
["流体流动时的摩擦阻力损失hf所损失的是机械能中的（ ）项。","单选题","动能","位能","静压能","总机械能","C"]
["在完全湍流时（阻力平方区），粗糙管的摩擦系数λ数值(  )。","单选题","与光滑管一样","只取决于Re","取决于相对粗糙度","与粗糙度无关","C"]
["某塔高30m，进行水压试验时，离塔底10m高处的压力表的读数为500kPa，（塔外大气压强为100kPa）。那么塔顶处水的压强(  )。","单选题","403.8KPa","698.1KPa","600KPa","无法确定","A"]
["下列哪个选项是离心泵的主要部件(  )。","单选题","叶轮和泵壳","电机","密封环","轴封装置和轴向力平衡装置","A"]
["下列不是用来调节离心泵流量的选项是(  )。","单选题","调节离心泵出口阀的开度","改变叶轮转速","改变叶轮直径","调节离心泵的旁路调节阀","D"]
["单级单吸式离心清水泵，系列代号为(  )。","单选题","IS","D","Sh","S","A"]
["关闭出口阀启动离心泵的原因是(  )。","单选题","轴功率最大","能量损失最小","启动电流最小","处于高效区","C"]
["液体密度与20℃的清水差别较大时，泵的特性曲线将发生变化，应加以修正的是(  )。","单选题","流量","效率","扬程","轴功率","D"]
["与液体相比，输送相同质量流量的气体，气体输送机械的(  )。","单选题","体积较小","压头相应也更高","结构设计更简单","效率更高","B"]
["离心泵性能曲线中的扬程流量线是在（ ）一定的情况下测定的(  )。","单选题","效率一定","功率一定","转速一定","管路布置一定","C"]
["离心泵在液面之下，启动后不出水的原因可能是(  )。","单选题","吸入管阀卡","填料压得过紧","泵内发生汽蚀现象","轴承润滑不良","A"]
["一台离心泵开动不久，泵入口处的真空度正常，泵出口处的压力表也逐渐降低为零，此时离心泵完全打不出水。发生故障的原因是(  )。","单选题","忘了灌水","吸入管路堵塞","压出管路堵塞","吸入管路漏气","B"]
["离心泵在正常运转时，其扬程与升扬高度的大小比较是(  )。","单选题","扬程＞升扬高度","扬程＝升扬高度","扬程＜升扬高度","不能确定","A"]
["离心泵抽空、无流量，其发生的原因可能有：①启动时泵内未灌满液体；②吸入管路堵塞或仪表漏气；③吸入容器内液面过低；④泵轴反向转动；⑤泵内漏进气体；⑥底阀漏液。你认为可能的是(  )。","单选题","①、③、⑤","②、④、⑥","全都不是","全都是","D"]
["对于压缩气体属于易燃易爆性质时，在启动往复式压缩机前，应该采用（ ）。将缸内、管路和附属容器内的空气或其他非工作介质置换干净，并达到合格标准，杜绝爆炸和设备事故的发生(  )。","单选题","氮气","氧气","水蒸汽","过热蒸汽","A"]
["透平式压缩机属于（ ）压缩机(  )。","单选题","往复式","离心式","轴流式","流体作用式","B"]
["通风机日常维护保养要求做到(  )。","单选题","保持轴承润滑良好，温度不超过65℃","保持冷却水畅通，出水温度不超过35℃","注意风机有无杂音、振动、地脚螺栓和紧固件是否松动，保持设备清洁，零部件齐全","以上三种要求","D"]
["在使用往复泵时，发现流量不足，其产生的原因是(  )。","单选题","进出口滑阀不严、弹簧损坏","过滤器堵塞或缸内有气体","往复次数减少","以上三种原因","D"]
["流体运动时，能量损失的根本原因是由于流体存在着(  )。","单选题","压力","动能","湍流","粘性","D"]
["一定流量的水在圆形直管内呈层流流动，若将管内径增加一倍，产生的流动阻力将为原来的(  )。","单选题","1/2","1/8","1/16","1/32","D"]
["采用出口阀门调节离心泵流量时，开大出口阀门扬程(  )。","单选题","增大","不变","减小","先增大后减小","C"]
["某同学进行离心泵特性曲线测定实验，启动泵后，出水管不出水，泵进口处真空表指示真空度很高，他对故障原因作出了正确判断，排除了故障，你认为以下可能的原因中，哪一个是真正的原因(  )。","单选题","水温太高","真空表坏了","吸入管路堵塞","排除管路堵塞","C"]
["下列几种叶轮中，（ ）叶轮效率最高(  )。","单选题","开式","半开式","闭式","浆式","C"]
["离心泵的工作原理是利用叶轮高速运转产生的(  )。","单选题","向心力","重力","离心力","拉力","C"]
["水在内径一定的圆管中稳定流动，若水的的质量流量一定，当水温度升高时，Re将(  )。","单选题","增大","减小","不变","不确定","A"]
["一水平放置的异径管，流体从小管流向大管，有一U形压差计，一端A与小径管相连，另一端B与大径管相连，问差压计读数R的大小反映(  )。","单选题","A，B两截面间压差值","A，B两截面间流动压降损失","A，B两截面间动压头的变化","突然扩大或突然缩小流动损失","A"]
["工程上，常以（ ）流体为基准，计量流体的位能、动能和静压能，分别称为位压头、动压头和静压头。","单选题","1kg","1N","1mol","1kmol","B"]
["液体的液封高度的确定是根据(  )。","单选题","连续性方程","物料衡算式","静力学方程","牛顿粘性定律","C"]
["离心泵送液体的粘度越大,则有(  )。","单选题","泵的扬程越大","流量越大","效率越大","轴功率越大","D"]
["选离心泵是根据泵的(  )。","单选题","扬程和流量选择","轴功率和流量选择","扬程和轴功率选择","转速和轴功率选择","A"]
["齿轮泵的工作原理是(  )。","单选题","利用离心力的作用输送流体","依靠重力作用输送流体","依靠另外一种流体的能量输送流体","利用工作室容积的变化输送流体","D"]
["计量泵的工作原理是(  )。","单选题","利用离心力的作用输送流体","依靠重力作用输送流体","依靠另外一种流体的能量输送流体","利用工作室容积的变化输送流体","D"]
["哪种泵特别适用于输送腐蚀性强、易燃、易爆、剧毒、有放射性以及极为贵重的液体(  )。","单选题","离心泵","屏蔽泵","液下泵","耐腐蚀泵","B"]
["下列四种阀门，通常情况下最适合流量调节的阀门是(  )。","单选题","截止阀","闸阀","考克阀","蝶阀","A"]
["下列四种流量计，那种不属于差压式流量计的是(  )。","单选题","孔板流量计","喷嘴流量计","文丘里流量计","转子流量计","D"]
["启动往复泵前其出口阀必须(  )。","单选题","关闭","打开","微开","无所谓","B"]
["一台试验用离心泵，正常操作不久，泵入口处的真空度逐渐降低为零，泵出口处的压力表也逐渐降低为零，此时离心泵完全打不出水，发生故障的原因是(  )。","单选题","忘了灌水","压出管路堵塞","吸入管路漏气","都对","C"]
["齿轮泵的流量调节可采用(  )。","单选题","进口阀","出口阀","旁路阀","都可以","C"]
["往复压缩机的最大压缩比是容积系数（ ）时的压缩比(  )。","单选题","最大","最小","为零","为90%","C"]
["牛顿流体在管内作层流流动,流体层之间的剪切应力在（ ）。","单选题","管中心最大","管壁处最大","管中处处相等","管壁处最小","B"]
["在层流流动的范围内,流速增大,摩擦因数λ（ ）,阻力损失（ ）。","单选题","减小,减小","减小,增大","增大,增大","增大,减小","B"]
["流体流速增大,摩擦系数（ ）。","单选题","增大","减小或不变","增大或不变","不确定","B"]
["通常用毕托管直接测得的是管道内流体的（ ）。","单选题","平均速度","点速度","流量","压力","B"]
["孔板流量计的主要缺点是（ ）。","单选题","结构复杂","不能测量流速","阻力损失过大","价格过高","C"]
["双液体U管压差计要求两种指示液的密度差（ ）。","单选题","大","中等","小","越大越好","C"]
["当Re增大时，孔板流量计的孔流系数Co（ ）。","单选题","总在增大","先减小，当Re增大到一定值时，Co保持为某一定值","总是减小","不定","B"]
["在阻力平方区(完全湍流区)时，粗糙管的摩擦系数值（ ）。","单选题","与光滑管一样","只取决于Re","只取决于相对粗糙度","与粗糙度无关","C"]
["离心泵的压头随流量增大而（ ）。","单选题","不变","降低","增大","不确定","B"]
["流体的密度增大，离心泵的压头（ ）。","单选题","增大","不变","减少","不确定","B"]
["流体的密度增大，离心泵的轴功率（ ）。","单选题","增大","减少","不变","不确定","A"]
["流体的密度增大，离心泵的流量(  )。","单选题","增大","减少","不变","不确定","C"]
["安装在一定管路中的离心泵，为了降低流量，将离心泵的出口阀关小，则离心泵特性曲线和管路特性曲线将有（ ）。","单选题","泵特性曲线改变","两特性曲线都不变","两特性曲线都改变","管路特性曲线改变","D"]
["安装在一定管路中的离心泵,改变转速，则离心泵特性曲线和管路特性曲线将有（ ）。","单选题","泵特性曲线改变","两特性曲线都不变","两特性曲线都改变","管路特性曲线改变","A"]
["离心泵的安装高度一般低于允许安装高度，是为了（ ）。","单选题","防止气缚","降低泵的消耗功率","提高泵的效率","防止汽蚀","D"]
["某地有两个容器，测得一容器内的绝对压力为235mmHg，则真空度为（ ）mmHg，又测约另一容器内的表压为1255mmHg，则绝对压力（ ）mmHg(已知当地压强为745mmHg)(  )。","单选题","510     2000","2000     510","510     510","2000     2000","A"]
["流体在圆形直管中作层流流动，如果只将流速增加一倍，管径不变，则阻力损失为原来的（ ）倍；如果只将管径增加一倍，流速不变，则阻力损失为原来的（ ）。倍(  )。","单选题","2，4","2，1/4","4，2","1/4，2","B"]
["流体在圆形直管的流动系统中，假定管径不变;层流区：压降与速度的（ ）次方成正比。阻力平方区：压降与速度的（ ）次方成正比。","单选题","2，2","2，1","1，2","1，1","C"]
["某液体在内径为d1的管路中稳定流动，其平均流速为u1，当它以相同体积流量通过内径为d2(d2＝d1/2)的管子时，流速将变为原来的（ ）倍；流动为层流时，管子两端压降为原来的（ ）倍，完全湍流时压降为原来的（ ）倍(  )。","单选题","2，12,4","2，16,4","4，16,32","16，16,32","C"]
["已知某设备的功率P是直径D，转数N，流体密度ρ及流体粘度μ的函数，利用因次分析法处理，最终所得准数关系式中共有（ ）个准数。","单选题",1,2,3,"不确定","B"]
["在计算流体由细管进入粗管的局部阻力损失时，公式中的流速应该用（ ）管中的速度；在计算流体流道突然缩小的局部阻力损失时，公式中的流速应该用（ ）管中的速度(  )。","单选题","大，大","大，小","小，小","小，大","C"]
["稳态流动中，流速先与（ ）有关，而不稳态流动中，流速除与（ ）有关外，还与（ ）有关。","单选题","位置，位置，时间","时间，时间，位置","位置，时间，位置","时间，位置，时间","A"]
["离心泵的压头是指（ ）。","单选题","液体的升举高度","液体动能的增加","液体静压能的增高","单位液体获得的能量","D"]
["流体通过离心泵所获得的能量主要表现为（ ）。","单选题","动能增加","静压能增加","位能增加","流量增大","B"]
["离心泵的轴封装置主要有（ ）。","单选题","填料密封","机械密封","填料密封和机械密封","两个金属环配合密封","C"]
["离心通风机的风压是指（ ）。","单选题","静压头与升举高度之和","动风压","静风压","动风压与静风压之和","D"]
["由离心泵基本方程式导出的理论压头曲线(H-Q线)其形状是（ ）。","单选题","抛物线","三次曲线","双曲线","直线","D"]
["离心泵停车前要（ ）。","单选题","先关出口阀后断电","先断电后关出口阀","先关出口阀先断电均可","单级式的先断电，多级式的先关出口阀","A"]
["离心泵常采用（ ）调节流量，往复泵常采用（ ）调节流量。","单选题","入口阀，旁路阀","出口阀，出口阀","出口阀，旁路阀","入口阀，出口阀","C"]
["在离心泵的运转过程中,（ ）是将原动机的能量传递给液体的部件,而（ ）则是将动能转变为静压能的部件。","单选题","泵壳，叶轮","叶轮，泵壳","叶片，蜗形通道","泵壳，蜗形通道","B"]
["离心泵铭牌上的特性数据是指（ ）时的数据(  )。","单选题","流量最大","压头最大","效率最高","轴功率最小","C"]
["离心泵的安装高度超过允许安装高度时，离心泵会发生（ ）现象。","单选题","气缚","汽蚀","容易起漩涡","漏气","B"]
["当入口流量不变时，以下那种情况容易使离心式压缩机喘振(  )。","单选题","低转数运行","高转数运行","压缩比较小","气体分子量较大","B"]
["化工管路中，外表面涂银白色的管道走的是（ ）。","单选题","油类及可燃液体","冷冻水","仪表用空气","煤气及可燃气体","A"]
["下列单位换算不正确的一项是（ ）。","单选题","1atm=1.033kgf/m2","1atm=760mmHg","1at=735.6mmHg","1at=10.33mH2O","D"]
["层流与湍流的本质区别是（ ）。","单选题","湍流流速>层流流速","流道截面大的为湍流，截面小的为层流；","层流的雷诺数<湍流的雷诺数","湍流时流体质点运动方向和速度随时改变；而层流时流体只沿着与管轴平行的方向流动，且速度不变。","D"]
["密度为1000kg/m3的清水，在圆形导管（57×3.5mm）内以3600kg/h的流量流动，它的体积流量与流速分别为（ ）。","单选题","0.001m3/s和0.51m/s","0.001m3/s和0.051m/s","0.1m3/s和0.51m/s","0.001m3/s和0.0051m/s","A"]
["流体在管路中作稳态流动时，具有（ ）特点。","单选题","呈平缓的滞流","呈匀速运动","在任何截面处流速、流量、压强等物理参数都相等；","任一截面处的流速、流量、压强等物理参数不随时间而变化","D"]
["流通截面为矩形（边长分别为a和b）的管道，其当量直径为（ ）。","单选题","a+b","ab/(a+b)","(a+b)/2","2ab/(a+b)","D"]
["圆管的摩擦系数λ=64/Re公式的适用范围是（ ）。","单选题","滞流","过渡流","湍流","以上都不对","A"]
["为使U形压差计的灵敏度较高，选择指示液时，应使指示液和被测流体的密度差（ρ指-ρ）的值（ ）。","单选题","偏大","偏小","越大越好","相等","B"]
["相同管径的园形管道中，分别流动着粘油和清水，若雷诺数Re相等，二者的密度相差不大，而粘度相差很大，则油速（ ）水速。","单选题","小于","大于","等于","不可判断","B"]
["理想流体在简单管路中作连续流动时，在管子直径小处，静压强就（ ）。","单选题","变小","变大","不变","无法判断","A"]
["277K的水粘度为1cp，在内径为20mm的管子内作稳定滞流时的最大流速为（ ）m/s。","单选题",0.1,1,0.01,10,"A"]
["一管路由φ108×4mm和φ57×3.5mm的钢管连接而成，若水在管内作稳定流动时，在小管内的流速为3m/s，则它在大管内的流速为（ ）m/s。","单选题",2,6,0.75,1.5,"C"]
["公式λ=64/Re仅适用于流体在（ ）管内作（ ）时应用。","单选题","圆形湍流","非圆形滞流","圆形滞流","圆形各种流型","C"]
["某输水的水泵系统,经管路计算得,需泵提供的压头为He=19[m水柱],输水量为20[kg/s],则泵的有效功率为（ ）瓦。","单选题",372.8,37280,3728,37.28,"C"]
["水环真空泵可以造成的最大真空度为85%，即真空泵能达到的最低压力（绝压）是（ ）mmHg。","单选题",0,646,760,114,"D"]
["轴流式通风机产生的风量大、风压小，所以它只适用于（ ）。","单选题","通风换气","输送高压气体","提高气压","以上都不对","A"]
["离心泵的性能曲线中的H－－Q线是在（ ）情况下测定的。","单选题","效率一定","转速一定","功率一定","管路一定","B"]
["离心泵效率最高的点称为（ ）。","单选题","工作点","操作点","设计点","计算点","C"]
["离心泵的扬程，是指单位重量流体经过泵后以下能量的增加值（ ）。","单选题","包括内能在内的总能量","机械能","压能","位能","B"]
["以下物理量不属于离心泵的性能参数（ ）。","单选题","扬程","效率","轴功率","理论功率","D"]
["离心泵的扬程是（ ）。","单选题","实际的升扬高度","泵的吸液高度","液体出泵和进泵的压差换算成液柱高度","单位重量液体出泵和进泵的机械能差值","D"]
["离心泵在一定的管路系统工作，如被输送液体的密度发生变化(其余性质不变)则（ ）。","单选题","任何情况下扬程与ρ无关","只有当（Ｚ1－Ｚ2）＝0时扬程与ρ无关","只有在阻力损失为0时扬程与ρ无关","只有当P1－P2＝0时扬程与ρ无关","D"]
["往复泵在操作中（ ）。","单选题","不开旁路阀时，流量与出口阀的开度无关","允许的安装高度与流量无关","流量与转速无关","开启旁路阀后，输入设备中的液体流量与出口阀的开度无关","A"]
["欲送润滑油到高压压缩机的气缸中，应采用（ ）。","单选题","离心泵","往复泵","齿轮泵","涡轮泵","C"]
["关于流动阻力描述，下列说法正确的是（ ）。","单选题","流动阻力的大小与管的形状无关","流动阻力分为直管阻力和局部阻力","管路的变径对流动阻力没有影响","管路中弯头越多，流动阻力越小","B"]
["流动阻力的大小与流体本身的物理性质、（ ）及壁面的形状等因素有关。","单选题","流速","流动状况","流量","运动粘度","B"]
["属于叶片式泵的是（ ）。","单选题","齿轮泵和螺杆泵","轴流泵和离心泵","往复泵和混流泵","柱塞泵和旋涡泵","B"]
["离心泵的常用润滑油是（ ）。","单选题","N46和N68冷冻机油","WA150和WA220蜗轮蜗杆油","9O#和150#重负荷齿轮油","N46和N68液压油、透平油","D"]
["下列类型的机泵中，能在供应不同扬程时，效率仍保持较大值的是（ ）。","单选题","离心泵","柱塞泵","转子泵","旋涡泵","B"]
["柱塞式计量泵主要由泵缸、（ ）和柱塞行程调节机构组成。","单选题","密封机构","联接机构","转动机构","活塞","C"]
["离心泵选型时流量应按（ ）标准。","单选题","正常操作流量","正常操作流量1.5倍","最大流量","最大流量1.5倍","C"]
["离心泵备用泵盘车，一般要求盘车（ ）。","单选题","90°","180°","270°","360°","D"]
["泵“五字操作法”是看、听、摸、查、（ ）。","单选题","闻","量","敲","比","D"]
["泵抽空，仪表流量指示（ ）。","单选题","增大","减小","不变","为零","D"]
["不是造成离心泵振动的原因是（ ）。","单选题","泵与电机不同心","转子不平衡","汽蚀，抽空","出口阀开度太大","D"]
["关于雷诺数，下列说法错误的是（ ）。","单选题","雷诺数是一个无因次数群","雷诺数可以由测量得到","雷诺数与管径、流体的流速、密度、黏度有关","雷诺数用来判断流体的流动类型","B"]
["一台泵的级数越多，流量（ ）。","单选题","越大","越小","不变","成正比增大","C"]
["离心泵输送干净的常温介质时，其机械密封一般选择（ ）形式。","单选题","自冲洗","外冲洗","循环冲洗","其他冲洗","C"]
["若离心泵要正常连续工作，吸人液面上的压力要（ ）叶轮人口处的压力。叶轮入口处的压力越低，吸人能力越大。","单选题","大于","小于","等于","小于或等于","A"]
["容易引起离心泵抽空的原因有（ ）。","单选题","轴承磨损","密封磨损","泵负荷过大","泵体振动大","B"]
["前弯、后弯、径向叶轮三者中，绝对速度最小的是（ ）叶轮。","单选题","前弯","径向","径向和后弯","后弯","D"]
["压缩比越大，离心压缩机的排气温度（ ）。","单选题","越低","越高","不变","不能确定","B"]
["流体经过差压式流量仪表时流体的流速将（ ）。","单选题","加快","减慢","保持不变","不能确定","A"]
["如果泵的实际流量和扬程需要小于铭牌扬程和流量时，可以采取（ ）的方法。","单选题","增大叶轮直径","切削叶轮","关小进口阀","提高转速","B"]
["若离心泵选型过大或处理量较低时，通常控制流量的方法是（ ）。","单选题","关小出口阀门","关小入口阀门","开大出口阀门","切削叶轮","A"]
["需要在泵出口管线上安装安全阀的是（ ）。","单选题","离心泵","柱塞泵","真空泵","不需要","B"]
["离心泵设置低液位保护是为了防止（ ）。","单选题","泵气蚀","泵气缚","泵抽空","泵过载","C"]
["不能用于防止离心泵气蚀的措施是（ ）。","单选题","增大泵的吸人日直径","提高输送介质的温度","降低输送介质的温度","降低泵的吸人口高度","B"]
["玻璃管液位计应用了（ ）。","单选题","U形管原理","连通器原理","毛细现象","位差显示原理","B"]
["离心泵切换操作过程中，（ ），停原运行泵。","单选题","备用泵启动前","备用泵启动后","备用泵启动中","备用泵启动且运行正常后","D"]
["一压缩机入口压力0.14MPa(a)，出口压力为16.8MPa(a)，则其总压比是（ ）。","单选题",100,110,120,130,"C"]
["在列管式换热器的设计过程中，对于具有腐蚀性的物料、压力高的物料在选取流程时，通常情况下取(  )。","单选题","腐蚀性的物料走管程，压力高的物料也走管程","腐蚀性的物料走管程，压力高的物料走壳程","压力高的物料走管程，腐蚀性的物料走壳程","腐蚀性的物料走壳程，压力高的物料也走壳程","A"]
["冷热流体进行对流传热,冷流体一侧的对流传热系数α1为100w/m2.k,热流体一侧的对流传热系数α2等于1000w/m2.k,总传热系数K接近哪一侧的对流传热系数α值,要提高K,应提高哪一侧的α值（ ）。","单选题","接近α1，提高α2","接近α2，提高α1","接近α1，提高α1","接近α2，提高α2","C"]
["由传热速率方程Q=KAΔtm计算得到的Q代表换热器的（ ）。","单选题","热负荷","传热能力","物料通量","传热系数","B"]
["第一种情况逆流换热器的两端温度差分别为Δt1=110℃,Δt2=20℃;第二种情况逆流换热器的两端温度差分别为Δt1=80℃,Δt2=50℃。两种情况算术平均温度差都是65℃,而对数平均温度差（ ）。","单选题","两种情况相等","第一种情况大于第二种情况","第二种情况大于第一种情况","不确定","C"]
["换热器中冷热流体一般为逆流流动,这主要是为了（ ）。","单选题","提高传热系数","减少冷却剂用量","提高对数平均温度差","减小流动阻力","C"]
["一侧是水蒸汽冷凝,另一侧为空气被加热,则壁温接近（ ）。","单选题","两侧温度的平均值","水蒸汽的温度","空气的温度","不确定","B"]
["冷热流体在套管换热器内换热，内管走冷流体，如果冷流体流量增大一倍，则总传热系数（ ）,冷流体的出口温度（ ）。","单选题","增大,下降","增大,升高","减小,下降","减小,升高","A"]
["计算管内强制对流传热系数，其定性温度和特性尺寸分别为（ ）。","单选题","壁温和管内径","流体进出口平均温度和管内径","膜温和管长","流体进出口平均温度和管长","B"]
["计算蒸汽冷凝的对流传热系数,其定性温度应为（ ）。","单选题","蒸汽温度","壁温","膜温","气流温度","C"]
["蒸汽冷凝传热时,冷凝传热系数明显下降,这可能是（ ）。","单选题","存在不凝性气体","蒸汽压力下降","壁面结垢","蒸汽量下降","A"]
["在沸腾操作中,工业上一般维持在（ ）。","单选题","自然对流区","核状沸腾区","膜状沸腾区","三个区域都可","B"]
["黑度表示（ ）。","单选题","物体颜色深浅程度","灰体与黑体发射能力之比","灰体发射热量的多少","黑体发射能力","B"]
["在确定换热器的流道空间时，一般来说，蒸汽走管（ ）；易结垢流体走管（ ）；有腐蚀性流体走管（ ）；粘度大的流体走管（ ）。","单选题","外，内，内，外","外，外，内，内","外，内，外，内","外，内，内，内","A"]
["冬天在室内用火炉进行取暖时，其热量传递方式为（ ）。","单选题","导热和对流","导热和辐射","对流和辐射","导热、对流和辐射，但对流和辐射是主要的","D"]
["在圆形直管内作无相变强制湍流的对流传热系数关联式来自（ ）。","单选题","理论方法","因次分析和实验相结合的方法","因次分析法","数学模型法","B"]
["列管换热器管程常用的流速范围是：一般液体（ ）m/s,气体（ ）m/s。","单选题","0.5～3      3～15","0.5～3     5～30","3～15     5～30","3～15     3～15","B"]
["在无相变的对流传热过程中，热阻主要集中在（ ），减少热阻的有效措施是（ ）。","单选题","层流底层，使流体处于层流状态","流体湍动区域，使层流底层减薄","层流底层，提高流体湍动程度","流体过渡区域，提高流体湍动程度","C"]
["在蒸汽冷凝传热中，不凝性气体的存在对对流传热系数α的影响是（ ）。","单选题","不凝性气体的存在会使α值大大降低","不凝性气体的存在会使α值升高","不凝性气体的存在与否，对数据无影响","不一定","A"]
["采用翅片管换热器是为了（ ）。","单选题","提高传热推动力","减少结垢","增加传热面积、传热系数","节省能源","C"]
["在多层平壁稳定导热中,通过热阻大的这一层平壁的热量比通过其余平壁的热量（ ）。","单选题","大","小","相等","不确定","C"]
["在间壁式传热中,热量从热流体传到冷流体的过程,热阻主要集中在（ ）。","单选题","金属壁","冷、热流体的层流底层内","冷、热流体的主体","平均分配在各层","B"]
["管壳式换热器属于（ ）。","单选题","直接混合式换热器","蓄热式换热器","间壁式换热器","以上都不是","C"]
["下列不能提高对流传热膜系数的是(  )。","单选题","利用多管程结构","增大管径","在壳程内装折流挡板","冷凝时在管壁上开一些纵槽","B"]
["用潜热法计算流体间的传热量(  )。","单选题","仅适用于相态不变而温度变化的情况","仅适用于温度不变而相态变化的情况","仅适用于既有相变化，又有温度变化的情况","以上均错","B"]
["用水蒸气在列管换热器中加热某盐溶液，水蒸气走壳程。为强化传热，下列措施中最为经济有效的是(  )。","单选题","增大换热器尺寸以增大传热面积","在壳程设置折流挡板","改单管程为双管程","减少传热壁面厚度","C"]
["可在器内设置搅拌器的是（ ）换热器(  )。","单选题","套管","釜式","夹套","热管","C"]
["列管换热器中下列流体宜走壳程的是(  )。","单选题","不洁净或易结垢的流体","腐蚀性的流体","压力高的流体","被冷却的流体","D"]
["导热系数的单位为(  )。","单选题","W/m.℃","W/m2.℃","W/kg.℃","W/S.℃","A"]
["多层串联平壁稳定导热，各层平壁的导热速率(  )。","单选题","不相等","不能确定","相等","下降","C"]
["夏天电风扇之所以能解热是因为(  )。","单选题","它降低了环境温度","产生强制对流带走了人体表面的热量","增强了自然对流","产生了导热","B"]
["有一种30℃流体需加热到80℃，下列三种热流体的热量都能满足要求，应选（ ）有利于节能(  )。","单选题","400℃的蒸汽","300℃的蒸汽","200℃的蒸汽","150℃的热流体","D"]
["在管壳式换热器中，用饱和蒸气冷凝以加热空气，下面两项判断为（ ）甲：传热管壁温度接近加热蒸气温度。乙：总传热系数接近于空气侧的对流传热系数(  )。","单选题","甲、乙均合理","甲、乙均不合理","甲合理、乙不合理","甲不合理、乙合理","A"]
["在稳定变温传热中，流体的流向选择（ ）时，传热平均温差最大(  )。","单选题","并流","逆流","错流","折流","B"]
["工业生产中，沸腾传热应设法保持在(  )。","单选题","自然对流区","核状沸腾区","膜状沸腾区","过渡区","B"]
["下列哪一种不属于列管式换热器(  )。","单选题","U型管式","浮头式","螺旋板式","固定管板式","C"]
["下列不属于强化传热的方法的是(  )。","单选题","加大传热面积","加大传热温度差","加大流速","加装保温层","D"]
["空气、水、金属固体的导热系数分别为λ1、λ2、λ3，其大小顺序正确的是(  )。","单选题","λ1>λ2>λ3","λ1<λ2<λ3","λ2>λ3>λ1","λ2<λ3<λ1","B"]
["翅片管换热器的翅片应安装在(  )。","单选题","α小的一侧","α大的一侧","管内","管外","A"]
["工业采用翅片状的暖气管代替圆钢管，其目的是(  )。","单选题","增加热阻，减少热量损失","节约钢材","增强美观","增加传热面积，提高传热效果","D"]
["在稳定变温传热中，流体的流向选择（ ）时传热平均温度差最大(  )。","单选题","并流","逆流","错流","折流","B"]
["用饱和水蒸汽加热空气时，传热管的壁温接近(  )。","单选题","蒸汽的温度","空气的出口温度","空气进、出口平均温度","无法确定","A"]
["冷、热流体在换热器中进行无相变逆流传热，换热器用久后形成污垢层，在同样的操作条件下，与无垢层相比，结垢后的换热器的K(  )。","单选题","变大","变小","不变","不确定","B"]
["用120℃饱和蒸汽加热原油，蒸汽冷凝成同温度的冷凝水，此时两流体的平均温度差，(Dtm)并流(Dtm)逆(  )。","单选题","小于","大于","等于","不定","C"]
["为减少园形管导热损失，采用包覆三种保温材料a、b、c，若三层保温材料厚度相同，导热系数λa>λb>λc,则包覆的的顺序从内到外依次为(  )。","单选题","a、b、c","b、a、c","c、a、b","c、b、a","D"]
["物质导热系数的顺序是(  )。","单选题","金属＞一般固体＞液体＞气体","金属＞液体＞一般固体＞气体","金属＞气体＞液体＞一般固体","金属＞液体＞气体＞一般固体","A"]
["下列四种不同的对流给热过程：空气自然对流α1，空气强制对流α2（流速为3m/s）,水强制对流α3（流速为3m/s），水蒸汽冷凝α4。α值的大小关系为(  )。","单选题","α3>α4>α1>α2","α4>α3>α2>α1","α4>α2>α1>α3","α3>α2>α1>α4","B"]
["对流给热热阻主要集中在(  )。","单选题","虚拟膜层","缓冲层","湍流主体","层流内层","D"]
["在套管换热器中，用热流体加热冷流体。操作条件不变，经过一段时间后管壁结垢，则K(  )。","单选题","变大","不变","变小","不确定","C"]
["两种流体的对流传热膜系数分别为α1和α2，当α1<<α2时，欲提高传热系数，关键在于提高（ ）的值才有明显的效果(  )。","单选题","α1","α2","α1和α2","与两者无关","A"]
["在同一换热器中，当冷热流体的进出口温度一定时，平均温度差最大的流向安排是(  )。","单选题","折流","错流","并流","逆流","D"]
["管壳式换热器启动时，首先通入的流体是(  )。","单选题","热流体","冷流体","最接近环境温度的流体","任意","C"]
["换热器中冷物料出口温度升高，可能引起的有原因多个，除了(  )。","单选题","冷物料流量下降","热物料流量下降","热物料进口温度升高","冷物料进口温度升高","B"]
["用120℃的饱和水蒸汽加热常温空气。蒸汽的冷凝膜系数约为2000W/(m2×K),空气的膜系数约为60W/(m2×K)，其过程的传热系数K及传热面壁温接近于(  )。","单选题","2000W/(m2×K)，120℃","2000W/(m2×K)，40℃","60W/(m2×K)，120℃","60W/(m2×K)，40℃","C"]
["在一单程列管换热器中，用100℃的热水加热一种易生垢的有机液体，这种液体超过80℃时易分解。试确定有机液体的通入空间及流向(  )。","单选题","走管程，并流","走壳程，并流","走管程，逆流","走壳程，逆流","A"]
["选用换热器时，在管壁与壳壁温度相差多少度时考虑需要进行热补偿(  )。","单选题","20℃","50℃","80℃","100℃","B"]
["为了减少室外设备的热损失，保温层外包的一层金属皮应采用(  )。","单选题","表面光滑，色泽较浅","表面粗糙，色泽较深","表面粗糙，色泽较浅","以上都不是","A"]
["为了在某固定空间造成充分的自然对流，有下面两种说法：①加热器应置于该空间的上部;②冷凝器应置于该空间的下部。正确的结论应该是(  )。","单选题","这两种说法都对","这两种说法都不对","第一种说法对，第二种说法不对","第一种说法不对，第二种说法对","B"]
["列管换热器的传热效率下降可能是由于(  )。","单选题","壳体内不凝汽或冷凝液增多","壳体介质流动过快","管束与折流板的结构不合理","壳体和管束温差过大","A"]
["在换热器的操作中，不需做的是(  )。","单选题","投产时,先预热,后加热","定期更换两流体的流动途径","定期分析流体的成分,以确定有无内漏","定期排放不凝性气体,定期清洗","B"]
["双层平壁定态热传导，两层壁厚相同，各层的导热系数分别为λ1和λ2，其对应的温度差为Dt1和Dt2,若Dt1>Dt2,则λ1和λ2的关系为(  )。","单选题","λ1<λ2","λ1>λ2","λ1=λ2","无法确定","A"]
["对间壁两侧流体一侧恒温、另一侧变温的传热过程，逆流和并流时Dtm的大小为(  )。","单选题","Dtm逆>Dtm并","Dtm逆<Dtm并","Dtm逆=Dtm并","不确定","C"]
["对流传热速率等于系数×推动力，其中推动力是(  )。","单选题","两流体的温度差","流体温度和壁温度差","同一流体的温度差","两流体的速度差","B"]
["水在无相变时在圆形管内强制湍流，对流传热系数ai为1000W/（m2.℃）若将水的流量增加1倍，而其他条件不变，则ai为(  )。","单选题",2000,1741,"不变",500,"B"]
["在管壳式换热器中，不洁净和易结垢的流体宜走管内，因为管内(  )。","单选题","清洗比较方便","流速较快","流通面积小","易于传热","A"]
["有一套管换热器，环隙中有119.6℃的蒸气冷凝，管内的空气从20℃被加热到50℃，管壁温度应接近(  )。","单选题","20℃","50℃","77.3℃","119.6℃","D"]
["在管壳式换热器中，被冷却的流体宜走管间，可利用外壳向外的散热作用(  )。","单选题","以增强冷却效果","以免流速过快","以免流通面积过小","以免传热过多","A"]
["在管壳式换热器中安装折流挡板的目的，是为了加大壳程流体的（ ），使湍动程度加剧，以提高壳程对流传热系数(  )。","单选题","粘度","密度","速度","高度","C"]
["辐射和热传导、对流方式传递热量的根本区别是(  )。","单选题","有无传递介质","物体是否运动","物体内分子是否运动","全部正确","A"]
["若固体壁为金属材料，当壁厚很薄时，器壁两侧流体的对流传热膜系数相差悬殊，则要求提高传热系数以加快传热速率时，必须设法提高（ ）的膜系数才能见效(  )。","单选题","最小","最大","两侧","无法判断","A"]
["下列哪个选项不是列管换热器的主要构成部件(  )。","单选题","外壳","蛇管","管束","封头","B"]
["列管换热器在使用过程中出现传热效率下降，其产生的原因及其处理方法是(  )。","单选题","管路或阀门堵塞，壳体内不凝气或冷凝液增多，应该及时检查清理，排放不凝气或冷凝液","管路震动，加固管路","外壳歪斜，联络管线拉力或推力甚大，重新调整找正","全部正确","A"]
["蛇管式换热器的优点是(  )。","单选题","传热膜系数大","平均传热温度差大","传热速率大","传热速率变化不大","A"]
["套管冷凝器的内管走空气，管间走饱和水蒸气，如果蒸汽压力一定，空气进口温度一定，当空气流量增加时传热系数K应(  )。","单选题","增大","减小","基本不变","无法判断","A"]
["套管冷凝器的内管走空气，管间走饱和水蒸气，如果蒸汽压力一定，空气进口温度一定，当空气流量增加时空气出口温度(  )。","单选题","增大","减小","基本不变","无法判断","B"]
["利用水在逆流操作的套管换热器中冷却某物料。要求热流体的温度T1，T2及流量Ｗ1不变。今因冷却水进口温度t1增高，为保证完成生产任务，提高冷却水的流量Ｗ2，其结果(  )。","单选题","Ｋ增大，Dtm不变","Ｑ不变，Dtm下降，Ｋ增大","Ｑ不变，Ｋ增大，Dtm不确定","Ｑ增大，Dtm下降","B"]
["某单程列管式换热器，水走管程呈湍流流动，为满足扩大生产需要，保持水的进口温度不变的条件下，将用水量增大一倍，则水的对流传热膜系数为改变前的(  )。","单选题","1.149倍","1.74倍","2倍","不变","B"]
["要求热流体从300℃降到200℃，冷流体从50℃升高到260℃，宜采用（ ）换热。","单选题","逆流","并流","并流或逆流","以上都不正确","A"]
["对于间壁式换热器，流体的流动速度增加，其热交换能力将(  )。","单选题","减小","不变","增加","不能确定","C"]
["化工厂常见的间壁式换热器是(  )。","单选题","固定管板式换热器","板式换热器","釜式换热器","蛇管式换热器","A"]
["蒸汽中不凝性气体的存在，会使它的对流传热系数α值(  )。","单选题","降低","升高","不变","都可能","A"]
["在卧式列管换热器中，用常压饱和蒸汽对空气进行加热（冷凝液在饱和温度下排出），饱和蒸汽应走（ ），蒸气流动方向。","单选题","管程、从上到下","壳程、从下到上","管程、从下到上","壳程、从上到下","D"]
["在间壁式换热器中，冷、热两流体换热的特点是(  )。","单选题","直接接触换热","间接接触换热","间歇换热","连续换热","B"]
["会引起列管式换热器冷物料出口温度下降的事故有(  )。","单选题","正常操作时，冷物料进口管堵","热物料流量太大","冷物料泵坏","热物料泵坏","D"]
["在列管式换热器操作中，不需停车的事故有(  )。","单选题","换热器部分管堵","自控系统失灵","换热器结垢严重","换热器列管穿孔","B"]
["对于列管式换热器，当壳体与换热管温度差（ ）时，产生的温度差应力具有破坏性，因此需要进行热补偿。","单选题","大于45℃","大于50℃","大于55℃","大于60℃","B"]
["有两台同样的列管式换热器用于冷却气体，在气、液流量及进口温度一定的情况下，为使气体温度降到最低，拟采用(  )。","单选题","气体走管内，串连逆流操作","气体走管内，并连逆流操作","气体走管外，串连逆流操作","气体走管外，并连逆流操作","C"]
["某换热器中冷热流体的进出口温度分别为T1=400K,T2=300K,t1=200K,t2=230K,逆流时，△tm=K。","单选题",170,100,200,132,"D"]
["总传热系数与下列哪个因素无关(  )。","单选题","传热面积","流体流动状态","污垢热阻","传热间壁壁厚","A"]
["以下不能提高传热速率的途径是(  )。","单选题","延长传热时间","增大传热面积","增加传热温差劲","提高传热系数K","A"]
["换热器经常时间使用须进行定期检查，检查内容不正确的是(  )。","单选题","外部连接是否完好","是否存在内漏","对腐蚀性强的流体，要检测壁厚","检查传热面粗糙","D"]
["蒸汽中若含有不凝结气体，将（ ）凝结换热效果。","单选题","大大减弱","大大增强","不影响","可能减弱也可能增强","A"]
["列管式换热器在停车时，应先停（ ），后停(  )。","单选题","热流体、冷流体","冷流体、热流体","无法确定","同时停止","A"]
["列管式换热器一般不采用多壳程结构，而采用（ ）以强化传热效果","单选题","隔板","波纹板","翅片板","折流挡板","D"]
["管式换热器与板式换热器相比。","单选题","传热效率高","结构紧凑","材料消耗少","耐压性能好","D"]
["翅片管加热器一般用于(  )。","单选题","两侧均为液体","两侧流体均有相变化","一侧为气体，一侧为蒸汽冷凝","一侧为液体沸腾，一侧为高温液体","C"]
["列管换热器在操作时，冷热流体温差超过多少时须采用热补偿结构(  )。","单选题","100℃","50℃","80℃","30℃","B"]
["对于对流传热，单位时间所传递的热量均采用（ ）计算。","单选题","牛顿冷却定律","拉乌尔定律","能量守恒定律","质量守恒定律","A"]
["、厚度为230mm的砖壁,内壁温度为600度，外壁温度为150度，砖壁的导热系数为1.0w/m.℃.则通过每平方米砖壁的导热量为（ ）w/m2。","单选题",1960,2000,2008,2006,"A"]
["采用多管程列管式换热器的目的是提高管内流体的流速和传热系数，最常见的程数为（ ）。","单选题","2,4,6","3,5,7","4,8,12","10，11，13","A"]
["能全部吸收辐射能的物体称为（ ）。","单选题","白体","热透体","透明体","黑体","D"]
["稳态传热的特点之一是（ ）在任何时刻都为常数。","单选题","传热速率","传热效率","传热平均温差","传热效果","A"]
["固体的导热系数越（ ），对（ ）越有利。","单选题","大、保冷","大、保温","小、传热","小、保温","D"]
["间壁式换热器中，热流体温度由90度冷却至70度，冷流体由20度加热至60度，则逆流时平均温差为（ ）度。","单选题",31,39.2,40,50,"B"]
["喷淋式换热器的缺点是（ ）。","单选题","传热效果差","不易检修","喷淋不易均匀","成本高","C"]
["管子选择应合理，一般出厂的标准管长为（ ）m。","单选题",8,6,4,2,"B"]
["在以水、盐水、氨蒸气分别为冷却剂时，若想得到-20℃的低温，选择的冷却剂为（ ）。","单选题","水","盐水","氨蒸气","油","B"]
["换热器管长和壳径应相适应，一般取L/D为（ ）。","单选题","2--3","3-4","4--6","5--8","C"]
["对于蒸气冷凝有膜状冷凝和滴状冷凝两种方式，传热系数最大的是（ ）。","单选题","膜状冷凝","无法比较","滴状冷凝","这两种方式相同","C"]
["关于传热糸数K下述说法中错误的是（ ）。","单选题","传热过程中总传热糸数K实际上是个平均值","总传热糸数K随着所取的传热面不同而异","传热糸数K可用来表示传热过程的强弱，与冷热流体的物性无关","要提高K值，应从降低最大热阻着手","C"]
["在蒸气—空气间壁换热过程中，为强化传热，下列方案中的（ ）在工程上可行。","单选题","提高蒸气流速","在蒸气一侧管壁加装翅片，增加冷凝面积","采用过热蒸气以提高蒸气温度","更换换热器","A"]
["非金属液体以（ ）的导热系数最大。","单选题","甘油","煤油","水","盐水","C"]
["在化工设备中不使用搅拌器使流体发生对流而传热称为（ ）。","单选题","自然对流","强制对流","搅拌对流","不自然对流","A"]
["在传热过程中，起着加热作用的物料叫（ ）。","单选题","载热体","加热剂","热体","热载体","A"]
["对于恒温传热，并流、逆流的平均温差有（ ）。","单选题","T并=T逆=T折","T并＜T逆＜T折","T并>T折>T逆","T并＜T折＜T逆","A"]
["换热器中的换热管在管板上排列，在相同管板面积中排列管数最多的是（ ）排列。","单选题","正方形","正三角形","同心圆","矩形","B"]
["下列换热器中不是通过管壁传热的换热器是（ ）。","单选题","浮头式","固定管板式","U形管式","板式","D"]
["换热器需检修时应先把换热器切出，再把换热器中的油倒空，最后（ ）。","单选题","用风吹扫","拆下换热器","用水顶","用蒸汽扫","D"]
["冷却水的量一般用（ ）控制。","单选题","冷却器进口阀","冷却器出口阀","冷却水进装置总阀","冷却水出装置总阀","B"]
["下列方法可以强化传热的是（ ）。","单选题","减小流体流速","采用大直径管","采用平板面","采用翅片面","D"]
["换热器型号FB-700-120-25-4，其中B表示（ ）。","单选题","管子正三角形排列","管子正方形转45度角排列","管子平行排列","管子正方形排列","B"]
["换热器型号FB-700-120-25-4，其中120表示（ ）。","单选题","管束内表面积120m2","管束外表面积120m2","换热面积120m2","壳体表面积120m2","B"]
["换热器型号FB-700-120-25-4，其中700表示（ ）。","单选题","壳程直径700mm","壳程半径700mm","壳体总长700mm","筒体长度700mm","A"]
["浮头式换热器公称直径DN≦400mm时一般采用（ ）管箱。","单选题","平盖","封头","方形","圆形","A"]
["U形管式换热器一般有（ ）块管板。","单选题",1,2,3,4,"A"]
["关于对流传热系数，下列说法正确的是（ ）。","单选题","有相变化时的对流传热系数比无相变化时的小","流体的密度和比热容对对流传热系数没有影响","强制对流传热系数要比自然对流的小","传热面的形状和布置直接影响对流传热系数","D"]
["冷换热设备开车前进行热紧的目的是消除螺栓热膨胀造成的（ ）。","单选题","材质变脆","压紧力下降","塑性下降","刚性下降","B"]
["下列设备中，一般使用固舌塔板的是（ ）。","单选题","常压塔","初馏塔","减压塔","汽提塔","A"]
["根据管壳式换热器完好的标准，同一管程内被堵塞的管数不能超过总数的（ ）。","单选题",{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"},{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"},{"v":0.15,"d":"15%"},{"v":0.2,"d":"20%"},"B"]
["热传导是由于物体内部温度较高的分子或自由电子，由震动或碰撞将热能以（ ）的形式传给相邻温度较低分子的。","单选题","动能","热对流","热传导","热传导和热对流","A"]
["傅立叶定律中的负号表示热流方向与（ ）方向相反。","单选题","流动","导热","对流","温度梯度","D"]
["在对流传热中，必然伴随流体质点间的（ ）。","单选题","热传导","热辐射","强制对流","能量转换","A"]
["任何物体只要在（ ）K以上，都能发射辐射能。","单选题",1000,100,10,0,"D"]
["对管束和壳体温差不大，壳程物料较干净的场合可选用（ ）换热器。","单选题","浮头式","固定管板式","U形管式","套管式","B"]
["换热器被加热介质出入口温差上升，需要（ ）。","单选题","减少冷源量","减少热源量","增加热源量","增加热源入口压力","B"]
["在换热器中，如气相漏进液相且不严重时，则要（ ）。","单选题","在换热器高点排气","降低气相压力","在气相管线排液","降低液相压力","A"]
["某一换热器，其冷流体的流量为500kg/s，入口温度18℃，出口温度25℃，该流体比热是1000j/kg，则该换热器负荷为（ ）kj.。","单选题",3500,350,35,35000,"A"]
["一个能满足工艺要求的换热器，其传热速率应（ ）。","单选题","小于热负荷","等于或略大于热负荷","不确定","大大超过热负荷","B"]
["能用于高压流体冷却的换热器（ ）。","单选题","套管式","列管式","螺旋板式","板翅式","A"]
["列管式换热器流体通入空间的选择原则，一般是（ ）。","单选题","尽量使α较小的流体走管外","尽量使α较小的流体走管内","尽量使α较大的流体走管内","不考虑α的大小","B"]
["在恒压过滤操作中，忽略过滤介质的阻力，且过滤面积恒定，则所得的滤液量与过滤时间的（ ）次方成正比，而对一定的滤液量则需要的过滤时间与过滤面积的（ ）次方成反比。","单选题","1/2,2","2,1/2","1,1/2","1/2,1","A"]
["降尘室的生产能力只与降尘室（ ）和（ ）有关，而与（ ）无关。","单选题","长度、宽度、高度","长度、高度、宽度","宽度、高度、长度","宽度、长度、面积","A"]
["回转真空过滤机的转速越快，单位时间所获得的滤液量就越（ ），形成的滤饼层厚度就越（ ），过滤阻力越（ ）。","单选题","少，薄，小","少，厚，大","多，薄，小","多，薄，大","C"]
["回转真空过滤机中,是（ ）部件使过滤室在不同部位时能自动地进行相应不同的操作（ ）。","单选题","分配头","转筒本身","随转鼓转动的转动盘","与转动盘紧密接触的固定盘","A"]
["颗粒床层的固体颗粒直径小,则床层的空隙率（ ）。","单选题","小","大","与颗粒直径无关","不确定","A"]
["滤液在滤饼层中的流动属于（ ）流动。","单选题","层流","湍流","过渡流","不确定","A"]
["非球形颗粒的球形度（ ）。","单选题","大于1","等于1","小于1","或大于1或小于1","C"]
["气体通过流化床的压降，在空塔（空床）速度u增加时，（ ）。","单选题","与u成平方关系增加","与u成1.75次方关系增加","与u成正比","与u无关","D"]
["流化的类型有（ ）。","单选题","散式流化和均匀流化","聚式流化和散式流化","聚式流化和鼓泡流化","浓相流化和稀相流化","B"]
["流体通过颗粒床层时，随流速从小到大可能出现的三种状况是（ ）。","单选题","起始流态化,膨胀床和流化床","均匀流态化,聚式流态化和气力输送状态","固定床,流化床和气力输送状态","固定床,浓相流态化和稀相流态化","C"]
["流化床中出现的不正常现象有（ ）。","单选题","沟流与腾涌","腾涌与膨胀","聚合与沟流","聚合与腾涌","A"]
["与降尘室的生产能力无关的是（ ）。","单选题","降尘室的长","降尘室的宽","降尘室的高","颗粒的沉降速度","C"]
["下列用来分离气—固非均相物系的是（ ）。","单选题","板框压滤机","转筒真空过滤机","袋滤器","三足式离心机","C"]
["微粒在降尘室内能除去的条件为：停留时间（ ）它的尘降时间。","单选题","不等于","大于或等于","小于","大于或小于","B"]
["离心分离因数的表达式为（ ）。","单选题","a=wR/g","a=wg/R","a=wR2/g","a=w2R/g","D"]
["用板框压滤机组合时，应将板、框按（ ）顺序安装。","单选题","123123123……","123212321……","3121212……","132132132……","B"]
["有一高温含尘气流，尘粒的平均直径在2--3μm，现要达到较好的除尘效果，可采用（ ）。","单选题","降尘室","旋风分离器","湿法除尘","袋滤器","D"]
["过滤操作中滤液流动遇到阻力是（ ）。","单选题","过滤介质阻力","滤饼阻力","过滤介质和滤饼阻力之和","无法确定","C"]
["旋风分离器主要是利用（ ）的作用使颗粒沉降而达到分离（ ）。","单选题","重力","惯性离心力","静电场","重力和惯性离心力","B"]
["旋风分离器的进气口宽度B值增大，其临界直径（ ）。","单选题","减小","增大","不变","不能确定","B"]
["过滤速率与（ ）成反比。","单选题","操作压差和滤液粘度","滤液粘度和滤渣厚度","滤渣厚度和颗粒直径","颗粒直径和操作压差","B"]
["巨形沉降槽的宽为1.2m,用来处理流量为60m3/h、颗粒的沉降速度为2.8×10-3m/s的悬浮污水，则沉降槽的长至少需要（ ）。","单选题","2m","5m","8m","10m","B"]
["下列措施中不一定能有效地提高过滤速率的是（ ）。","单选题","加热滤浆","在过滤介质上游加压","在过滤介质下游抽真空","及时卸渣","B"]
["在①旋风分离器②降尘室③袋滤器④静电除尘器等除尘设备中,能除去气体中颗粒的直径符合由大到小的顺序的是（ ）。","单选题","①②③④","④③①②","②①③④","②①④③","C"]
["以下表达式中正确的是（ ）。","单选题","过滤速率与过滤面积平方A2成正比","过滤速率与过滤面积A成正比","过滤速率与所得滤液体积V成正比","过滤速率与虚拟滤液体积Ve成反比","A"]
["自由沉降的意思是（ ）。","单选题","颗粒在沉降过程中受到的流体阻力可忽略不计","颗粒开始的降落速度为零，没有附加一个初始速度","颗粒在降落的方向上只受重力作用，没有离心力等的作用","颗粒间不发生碰撞或接触的情况下的沉降过程","D"]
["“在一般过滤操作中，实际上起到主要介质作用的是滤饼层而不是过滤介质本身”，“滤渣就是滤饼”，则（ ）。","单选题","这两种说法都对","两种说法都不对","只有第一种说法正确","只有第二种说法正确","A"]
["下列哪一个分离过程不属于非均相物系的分离过程（ ）。","单选题","沉降","结晶","过滤","离心分离","B"]
["推导过滤基本方程时，一个基本的假设是（ ）。","单选题","滤液在介质中呈湍流流动","滤液在介质中呈层流流动","滤液在滤渣中呈湍流流动","滤液在滤渣中呈层流流动","D"]
["在重力场中，微小颗粒的沉降速度与（ ）无关。","单选题","粒子的几何形状","粒子的尺寸大小","流体与粒子的密度","流体的速度","D"]
["欲提高降尘室的生产能力，主要的措施是（ ）。","单选题","提高降尘室的高度","延长沉降时间","增大沉降面积","都可以","C"]
["下列物系中，不可以用旋风分离器加以分离的是（ ）。","单选题","悬浮液","含尘气体","酒精水溶液","乳浊液","C"]
["在讨论旋风分离器分离性能时，临界直径这一术语是指（ ）。","单选题","旋风分离器效率最高时的旋风分离器的直径","旋风分离器允许的最小直径","旋风分离器能够全部分离出来的最小颗粒的直径","能保持滞流流型时的最大颗粒直径","C"]
["以下过滤机是连续式过滤机（ ）。","单选题","箱式叶滤机","真空叶滤机","回转真空过滤机","板框压滤机","C"]
["当其他条件不变时，提高回转真空过滤机的转速，则过滤机的生产能力（ ）。","单选题","提高","降低","不变","不一定","A"]
["如果气体处理量较大，可以采取两个以上尺寸较小的旋风分离器使用（ ）。","单选题","串联","并联","先串联后并联","先并联后串联","B"]
["多层降尘室是根据原理而设计的（ ）。","单选题","含尘气体处理量与降尘室的层数无关","含尘气体处理量与降尘室的高度无关","含尘气体处理量与降尘室的直径无关","含尘气体处理量与降尘室的大小无关","B"]
["现有一乳浊液要进行分离操作，可采用（ ）。","单选题","沉降器","三足式离心机","碟式离心机","板框过虑机","C"]
["固体颗粒在流体中运动,所受的阻力是（ ）。","单选题","表皮阻力","形体阻力","表皮阻力和形体阻力","表皮阻力或形体阻力","C"]
["离心沉降速度是（ ）。","单选题","颗粒运动的绝对速度","径向速度","切向速度","气流速度","B"]
["颗粒床层的固体颗粒直径小,则床层的比表面积（ ）。","单选题","小","大","与颗粒直径无关","或大或小","B"]
["颗粒的沉降速度不是指（ ）。","单选题","等速运动段颗粒降落的速度","加速运动段任一时刻颗粒的降落速度","加速运动段结束时颗粒的降落速度","重力减去浮力与流体阻力平衡时颗粒的降落速度","B"]
["在横穿洗法的板框压滤机中，最终的过滤速率是洗涤速率的（ ）。","单选题","一倍","一半","四倍","四分之一","C"]
["助滤剂应具有以下特性（ ）。","单选题","颗粒均匀，柔软，可压缩","颗粒均匀，坚硬，不可压缩","颗粒分布广，坚硬，不可压缩","颗粒均匀，可压缩，易变形","B"]
["采用置换洗法的板框压滤机洗涤速率与恒压过滤最终速率相等的规律只有在以下条件下才成立（ ）。","单选题","过滤时的压差与洗涤时的压差相同","滤液的粘度与洗涤液的粘度相同","过滤压差与洗涤压差相同且洗涤液粘度与滤液粘度相同","洗水穿过的滤饼厚度等于过滤时滤液所穿过的厚度","C"]
["常见的间歇过滤机有（ ）和（ ）；连续过滤机有（ ）。","单选题","板框过滤机，回转真空过滤机，叶滤机","板框过滤机，叶滤机，回转真空过滤机","叶滤机，回转真空过滤机，板框过滤机","明流式板框过滤机，暗流式板框过滤机，叶滤机","B"]
["为使离心机有较大的分离因数和保证转鼓有关足够的机械强度，应采用（ ）的转鼓。","单选题","高转速、大直径","高转速、小直径","低转速、大直径","低转速，小直径","B"]
["用板框压滤机恒压过滤某一滤浆（滤渣为不可压缩，且忽略介质阻力），若过滤时间相同，要使其得到的滤液量增加一倍的方法有（ ）。","单选题","将过滤面积增加一倍","将过滤压差增加一倍","将滤浆温度增加一倍","将滤浆粘度增加一倍","A"]
["颗粒的重力沉降在层流区域时，尘气的除尘以（ ）为好。","单选题","冷却后进行","加热后进行","不必换热，马上进行分离","不一定","A"]
["板框过滤机采用横穿法洗涤滤渣时，若洗涤压差等于最终过滤压差，洗涤液粘度等于滤液粘度，则其洗涤速率为过滤终了速率的（ ）倍。","单选题",1,0.5,0.25,2,"C"]
["含尘气体中的尘粒称为（ ）。","单选题","连续相","分散相","非均相","均相","B"]
["介质阻力系数ζ=24/Rep的适用范围是（ ）。","单选题","球形微粒层流区","圆柱形微粒湍流区","方形微粒过渡区","球形微粒湍流区","A"]
["非球形粒子的球形度Φ（ ）。","单选题","小于1","等于1","大于1","不可判断","A"]
["离心机的分离因数α愈大，表明它的分离能力愈（ ）。","单选题","差","强","低","不一定","B"]
["下述说法中正确的是（ ）。","单选题","过滤速率与过滤面积成正比","过滤速率与过滤面积的平方成正比","过滤速率与滤布阻力成反比","过滤速率与操作压差的平方成正比","B"]
["固体颗粒直径增加，其沉降速度（ ）。","单选题","减小","不变","增加","不能确定","C"]
["含尘气体通过长4m、宽3m、高1m的降尘室，已知颗粒的沉降速度为0.25m/s，则降尘室的生产能力为（ ）。","单选题","3m3/s","1m3/s","0.75m3/s","6m3/s","A"]
["过滤常数K与（ ）无关。","单选题","滤液黏度","过滤面积","滤浆浓度","滤饼的压缩性","B"]
["现有一需分离的气固混合物，其固体颗粒平均尺寸在10μm左右，适宜的气固相分离器是（ ）。","单选题","旋风分离器","重力沉降器","板框过滤机","真空抽滤机","A"]
["对标准旋风分离器系列，下列说法正确的是（ ）。","单选题","尺寸大，则处理量大，但压降也大","尺寸大，则分离效率高，且压降小","尺寸小，则处理量小，分离效率高","尺寸小，则分离效率差，且压降大","C"]
["下列物系中，可以用过滤的方法加以分离的是（ ）。","单选题","悬浮液","空气","酒精水溶液","乳浊液","A"]
["拟采用一个降尘室和一个旋风分离器来除去某含尘气体中的灰尘，则较适合的安排是（ ）。","单选题","降尘室放在旋风分离器之前","降尘室放在旋风分离器之后","降尘室和旋风分离器并列","不确定","A"]
["离心机是利用惯性离心力分离液态非均相混合物的机械。根据分离因数Kc值将离心机分为常速、高速和超高速。下面说法中错误的是（ ）。","单选题","常速离心机Kc一般为600--1200","高速离心机Kc=2000--50000","分离因数的极限值取决于转动部件的材料强度","超高速离心机可以用来分离胶体颗粒","B"]
["要过滤比较小的颗粒，如1μm以下的微尘，选用（ ）效果要比较好。","单选题","袋滤器","旋风分离器","离心机","转筒真空过滤机","A"]
["下列选项中（ ）是强化过滤速率的措施。","单选题","改变颗粒聚集状态","动态过滤","改变滤饼结构","以上三个选项都是","D"]
["过滤推动力一般是指（ ）。","单选题","滤饼两边的压差","液体进出过滤机的压差","过滤介质与滤饼构成的过滤层两边的压差","滤饼两边的压差","C"]
["用降尘室除去烟气中的尘粒，因某种原因使进入降尘室的烟气温度上升，若气体流量不变，含尘情况不变，降尘室出口气体的含尘量将（ ）。","单选题","变大","不变","变小","不确定","A"]
["深度制冷的温度范围在（ ）。","单选题","173K以内","273K以下","173K以下","73K以下","C"]
["为了提高制冷系统的经济性，发挥较大的效益，工业上单级压缩循环压缩比（ ）。","单选题","不超过12","不超过6～8","不超过4","不超过8～10","B"]
["工程上利用压缩机作功，将汽相工质压缩，冷却冷凝成液相，然后使其减压膨胀，蒸发汽化以从（ ）的过程称为蒸汽压缩制冷。","单选题","低温物体吸取热量并送到高温物体","高温物体吸取热量并送到低温物体","高温物体吸取热量并送到高温物体","低温物体吸取热量并送到低温物体","A"]
["为了保证冷冻盐水的低温，冷冻剂出蒸发器时必须（ ）。","单选题","全部汽化","全部不汽化","保持蒸汽与液滴的混合物状态","都有可能","C"]
["下面所说的四个循环①可逆绝热压缩过程②等压（高温）冷凝过程③可逆绝热膨胀过程④等压等温蒸发过程，指的是（ ）工作过程。","单选题","往复式压缩机","冷冻机","透平压缩机","汽油机","B"]
["对冷冻过程进行能量衡算可知：要将热量由低温物体传到高温物体外界必须（ ）。","单选题","向系统补充能量","系统向外输出能量","能量守衡，无须能量输入与输出","既可以输入又可以输出能量","A"]
["生产中如将冷冻温度降低到低于所需温度，会使ε下降（ ）。","单选题","浪费了外加功，生产效率下降","浪费了外加功，生产效率上升","节约了外加功，生产效率下降","节约了外加功，生产效率上升","A"]
["实际压缩制冷循环外功的利用率（ ）。","单选题","实际循环低于理想循环","实际循环等于理想循环","实际循环高于理想循环","不一定","A"]
["冷凝剂在实际压缩循环时，出冷凝器的状态为（ ）。","单选题","饱和蒸汽","饱和气体","过冷液体","气液混合","C"]
["从冷凝器送出的冷冻剂通过节流膨胀阀后，减压降温生成（ ）。","单选题","过热蒸汽","饱和蒸汽","气、液混合物","过冷液体","C"]
["采用多级压缩制冷的目的是（ ）。","单选题","提高压缩机的效率，减少系统功耗，降低压缩机的温度","提高压缩机的效率，减少系统功耗，提高压缩机的温度","提高压缩机的效率，增加系统功耗，降低压缩机的温度","降低压缩机的效率，增加系统功耗，降低压缩机的温度","A"]
["冷冻机铭牌上所标明的冷冻能力指的是（ ）。","单选题","实际操作状况下的冷冻能力","标准状况下的冷冻能力","实际冷冻能力","标准操作","B"]
["实际运行的压缩制冷设备，其冷冻能力随操作温度的变化而发生变化，这里的操作温度指的是（ ）。","单选题","蒸发温度T1，过冷温度T3","冷凝温度T2，过冷温度T3","蒸发温度T1，冷凝温度T2","蒸发温度T1","C"]
["在制冷装置不断循环流动以实现制冷目的工作物质称为（ ）。","单选题","冷冻剂","冷载体","被冷物料","载冷体","A"]
["在众多冷冻剂中，目前应用最广泛的是（ ）。","单选题","水和氨","乙烯和氟里昂","氨和氟里昂","丙烯","C"]
["制冷装置的冷凝器主要是以水为冷却介质，它与冷冻剂换热方式为（ ）。","单选题","直接混合换热","间壁式换热","蓄热式换热","直接接触","B"]
["制冷装置的蒸发器是一种间壁式换热器，为了有效的利用传热面应在蒸发器前（ ）。","单选题","过滤器","液封","气液分离器","泵","C"]
["在卧式蒸发器内通常载冷体和冷冻剂流经的空间是（ ）。","单选题","冷冻剂走管间","载冷体走管间","冷冻剂走管内","不一定","A"]
["节流阀的操作采用浮球式自动控制时，浮球液面与蒸发器内液面（ ）。","单选题","蒸发器液面高于浮球液面","蒸发器液面低于浮球液面","蒸发器液面等于浮球液面","不一定","C"]
["压缩机是制冷装置的心脏，因此选用冷冻装置时核心是（ ）。","单选题","确定冷冻能力","确定压缩机的型号","操作压强","操作温度","A"]
["下面属于制冷设备的有（ ）。","单选题","冷冻水泵","空冷塔","液体膨胀机","主换热器","C"]
["单位时间内冷冻剂自被冷物体取出的热量与所消耗的功之比称为（ ）。","单选题","冷冻能力","冷冻系数","冷冻机功率","冷冻效率","B"]
["冷冻系数取决于低温热源的温度T1（ ）。","单选题","T1越大，ε越大","T1越小，ε越小","T1越小，ε越大","T1越大，ε越小","A"]
["在压缩制冷操作为获得更低的冷冻温度常采用（ ）。","单选题","单效压缩制冷","多级压缩制冷","更换冷冻剂","更换冷冻设备","B"]
["当进入压缩机的冷冻剂为干饱和蒸汽时，冷冻装置的标准操作温度规定为（ ）。","单选题","T1=258KT2=303KT3=298K","T1=273KT2=293KT3=303K","T1=293KT2=303KT3=298K","T1=273KT2=303KT3=298K","A"]
["4FV10压缩冷冻机新系列的型号，型号中的4表示的是（ ）。","单选题","冷冻能力为4KW","压缩机汽缸的直径4cm","冷冻机为4缸","冷冻效率为4%","C"]
["干燥计算中,湿空气的热焓是以（ ）为基础的。","单选题","1kg湿空气","1kg干空气","1kg饱和湿空气","4mol干空气","B"]
["气体的湿比热被定义为定压下（ ）的温度升高1℃所需的总热量。","单选题","1kg湿气体","1kg干气体及其带有的Hkg湿汽","4mol湿气体","1kmol气体及其带有的Hkmol湿汽","B"]
["对一定湿度的气体,固定气体的温度,增大总压,其露点（ ）。","单选题","增大","减小","不变","或增大或减小","A"]
["向装有一定温度一定湿度湿空气的容器中压入同温度的绝干空气,使总压升高。该混合空气容纳水分的最大能力即饱和湿度（ ）。","单选题","增大","减小","不变","或增大或减小","B"]
["干燥器出口气体状态的限制条件是:气体在离开设备之前（ ）。","单选题","不降至湿球温度","不降至露点","不降至绝热饱和温度","不降至空气的初始温度","B"]
["在保证干燥产品质量不受影响的前提下,空气预热温度越高,所需供热量（ ）,热效率（ ）。","单选题","越多,越高","越少,越高","越多,越低","越少,越低","B"]
["当干燥热敏性物料时,应采用（ ）。","单选题","废气再循环流程","分批干燥流程","烟道气干燥方式","间歇干燥方式","A"]
["气固逆流接触的干燥器,物料最低含水量比并流接触干燥器的（ ）。","单选题","高","低","相近","不确定","B"]
["降低干燥器中物料层的厚度,对物料的临界含水量（ ）。","单选题","影响不大","无影响","影响明显增大","影响明显降低","D"]
["干燥介质的出口温度对干燥过程的能耗（ ）。","单选题","影响很小","影响很大","不影响","影响不确定","B"]
["气流干燥器中,干燥作用最为有效的部分是（ ）。","单选题","粒子等速运动段","粒子加速运动段","干燥管的中部","干燥管的顶部","B"]
["当采用部分废气循环,废气先混合、后预热流程和新鲜气先预热后混合流程,前者的耗热量（ ）。后者（ ）。","单选题","大于","小于","等于","或大于或小于","C"]
["材质相同的木板和锯木屑,在相同的干燥介质条件下,临界湿含量前者（ ）后者。","单选题","大于","小于","等于","不一定","A"]
["对于气体减湿操作,在总压不变的情况下应使气体温度降至它的（ ）以下。","单选题","露点","干球温度","湿球温度","绝热饱和温度","A"]
["为了测准空气的湿球温度,应将干湿球温度计放在（ ）。","单选题","不受外界干扰的静止空气中","气速<5m/s的空气中","气速<5m/s辐射传导较强处","气速>5m/s辐射传导可忽略处","D"]
["气体的相对湿度是指在一定的总压下湿气体中的湿分蒸汽压与（ ）之比。","单选题","气体的总压","湿分在tw下的饱和蒸汽压","湿分在td下的饱和蒸汽压","湿分在t下的饱和蒸汽压","D"]
["材质相同的木板和锯木屑,在相同的干燥介质条件下,平衡湿含量前者（ ）后者。","单选题","大于","小于","等于","不一定","C"]
["下列叙述正确的是（ ）。","单选题","空气的相对湿度越大，吸湿能力越强","湿空气的比体积为1kg湿空气的体积","湿球温度与绝热饱和温度必相等","对流干燥中，空气是最常用的干燥介质","D"]
["）越少，湿空气吸收水汽的能力越大（ ）。","单选题","湿度","绝对湿度","饱和湿度","相对湿度","D"]
["50kg湿物料中含水10kg，则干基含水量为（ ）%。","单选题",15,20,25,40,"C"]
["进行干燥过程的必要条件是干燥介质的温度大于物料表面温度，使得（ ）。","单选题","物料表面所产生的湿分分压大于气流中湿分分压","物料表面所产生的湿分分压小于气流中湿分分压","物料表面所产生的湿分分压等于气流中湿分分压","物料表面所产生的湿分分压大于或小于气流中湿分分压","A"]
["以下关于对流干燥的特点，不正确的是（ ）。","单选题","对流干燥过程是气、固两相热、质同时传递的过程","对流干燥过程中气体传热给固体","对流干燥过程中湿物料的水被气化进入气相","对流干燥过程中湿物料表面温度始终恒定于空气的湿球温度","D"]
["将氯化钙与湿物料放在一起，使物料中水分除去，这是采用哪种去湿方法？（ ）。","单选题","机械去湿","吸附去湿","供热去湿","无法确定","B"]
["在总压101.33kPa，温度20℃下，某空气的湿度为0.01Kg水/Kg干空气,现维持总压不变,将空气温度升高到50℃,则相对湿度:（ ）。","单选题","增大","减小","不变","无法判断","B"]
["下面关于湿空气的干球温度t，湿球温度tW，露点td，三者关系中正确的是：（ ）。","单选题","t＞tW＞td","t＞td＞tW","td＞tW＞t","tW＞td＞t","A"]
["反映热空气容纳水气能力的参数是（ ）。","单选题","绝对湿度","相对湿度","湿容积","湿比热容","B"]
["用对流干燥方法干燥湿物料时，不能除去的水分为（ ）。","单选题","平衡水分","自由水分","非结合水分","结合水分","A"]
["除了（ ），下列都是干燥过程中使用预热器的目的。","单选题","提高空气露点","提高空气干球温度","降低空气的相对湿度","增大空气的吸湿能力","A"]
["影响干燥速率的主要因素除了湿物料、干燥设备外，还有一个重要因素是（ ）。","单选题","绝干物料","平衡水分","干燥介质","湿球温度","C"]
["空气进入干燥器之前一般都要进行了预热，其目的是提高（ ），而降低（ ）。","单选题","温度  湿度","湿度   相对湿度","相对湿度  压力","温度    相对湿度","D"]
["利用空气作介质干燥热敏性物料，且干燥处于降速阶段，欲缩短干燥时间，则可采取的最有效措施是：（ ）。","单选题","提高介质温度","增大干燥面积，减薄物料厚度","降低介质相对湿度","提高介质流速","B"]
["某物料在干燥过程中达到临界含水量后的干燥时间过长，为提高干燥速率，下列措施中最为有效的是（ ）。","单选题","提高气速","提高气温","提高物料温度","减小颗粒的粒度","D"]
["将水喷洒于空气中而使空气减湿，应该使水温（ ）。","单选题","等于湿球温度","低于湿球温度","高于露点","低于露点","D"]
["在一定温度和总压下，湿空气的水汽分压和饱和湿空气的水汽分压相等，则湿空气的相对湿度为（ ）。","单选题",0,{"v":1,"d":"100%"},"0～50％",{"v":0.5,"d":"50%"},"B"]
["将不饱和湿空气在总压和湿度不变的条件下冷却，当温度达到（ ）时，空气中的水汽开始凝结成露滴。","单选题","干球温度","湿球温度","露点","绝热饱和温度","C"]
["在一定空气状态下，用对流干燥方法干燥湿物料时，能除去的水分为（ ）。","单选题","结合水分","非结合水分","平衡水分","自由水分","D"]
["当φ＜100%时，物料的平衡水分一定是（ ）。","单选题","非结合水","自由水份","结合水分","临界水分","C"]
["干燥计算中，湿空气初始性质绝对湿度及相对湿度应取（ ）。","单选题","冬季平均最低值","冬季平均最高值","夏季平均最高值","夏季平均最低值","C"]
["对于对流干燥器，干燥介质的出口温度应（ ）。","单选题","小于露点","等于露点","大于露点","不能确定","C"]
["干燥进行的条件是被干燥物料表面所产生的水蒸气分压（ ）干燥介质中水蒸气分压。","单选题","小于","等于","大于","不等于","C"]
["气流干燥器适合于干燥（ ）介质。","单选题","热固性","热敏性","热稳定性","一般性","B"]
["对于一定干球温度的空气，当其相对湿度愈低时，其湿球温度（ ）。","单选题","愈高","愈低","不变","不定，与其它因素有关","B"]
["干燥热敏性物料时，为提高干燥速率，不宜采用的措施是（ ）。","单选题","提高干燥介质的温度","改变物料与干燥介质的接触方式","降低干燥介质相对湿度","增大干燥介质流速","A"]
["在对流干燥过程中，湿空气经过预热器后，下面描述不正确的是（ ）。","单选题","湿空气的比容增加","湿空气的焓增加","湿空气的湿度下降","空气的吸湿能力增加","C"]
["湿空气经预热后，它的焓增大，而它的湿含量H和相对湿度φ属于下面哪一种情况（ ）。","单选题","H，φ都升高","H不变，φ降低","H，φ都降低","H降低，φ不变","B"]
["某一对流干燥流程需一风机：（1）风机装在预热器之前，即新鲜空气入口处；（2）风机装在预热器之后。比较（1）、（2）两种情况下风机的风量VS1和VS2，则有（ ）。","单选题","VS1=VS2","VS1>VS2","VS1<VS2","无法判断","C"]
["物料中结合水和非结合水的分界是（ ）。","单选题","等速干燥阶段终点","降速干燥阶段终点","水分与纯水的蒸汽压相等","第一和第二降速阶段的交点","C"]
["物料含自由水分和平衡水分的相对多少取决于（ ）。","单选题","物料含结合水分的多少","物料含非结合水分的多少","干燥介质的温度","干燥介质的相对湿度","D"]
["不饱和湿空气的干球温度t,湿球温度tw,露点td三者间的关系为（ ）。","单选题","t>tw>td","t>tw=td","t=tw>td","t=tw=td","A"]
["空气的干、湿球温度差越小,表明空气（ ）。","单选题","越干燥","越潮湿","热焓越高","热焓越低","B"]
["湿空气经过预热器用饱和水蒸汽间接加热,温度升高,相对湿度（ ）。","单选题","增加","减少","不变","不确定","B"]
["对一定湿度的气体,固定气体的温度,增大总压,其相对湿度（ ）。","单选题","增大","减小","不变","或增大或减小","A"]
["干燥器气体出口温度越低,干燥器的热效率（ ）。","单选题","越高","越低","不变","不确定","A"]
["流化床干燥器发生尾气含尘量大的原因是（ ）。","单选题","风量大","物料层高度不够","热风温度低","热风温度低","A"]
["若需从牛奶料液直接得到奶粉制品，选用（ ）。","单选题","沸腾床干燥器","气流干燥器","转筒干燥器","喷雾干燥器","D"]
["将不饱和空气在恒温、等湿条件下压缩,其干燥能力将（ ）。","单选题","不变","增加","减弱","不确定","C"]
["当被干燥的粒状物料要求磨损不大，而产量较大时，可选用（ ）较合适。","单选题","气流式","厢式","转筒式","对流式","C"]
["湿空气在预热过程中不变化的参数是（ ）。","单选题","露点温度","焓","相对湿度","湿球温度","A"]
["蒸馏或回流易燃低沸点液体时操作错误的是（ ）。","单选题","在烧瓶内加数粒沸面防止液体暴沸","加热速度宜慢不宜快","用明火直接加热烧瓶","烧瓶内液体不宜超过1/2体积","C"]
["塔板上布置安定区的目的是为了（ ）。","单选题","防止雾沫夹带量过高","防止越堰液体的气体夹带量过高","防止漏液量过大","液体分布不均匀","B"]
["不影响理论塔板数的是进料的（ ）。","单选题","位置","热状态","组成","进料量","D"]
["精馏塔中自上而下（ ）。","单选题","分为提馏段、加料板和精馏段三个部分","温度依次降低","易挥发组分浓度依次降低","蒸汽质量依次减少","C"]
["最小回流比（ ）。","单选题","回流量接近于零","在生产中有一定应用价值","不能用公式计算","是一种极限状态，可用来计算实际回流比","D"]
["由气体和液体流量过大两种原因共同造成的是（ ）现象。","单选题","漏夜","液沫夹带","气泡夹带","液泛","D"]
["其他条件不变的情况下，增大回流比能（ ）。","单选题","减少操作费用","增大设备费用","提高产品纯度","增大塔的生产能力","C"]
["从温度──组成(t-x-y)图中的气液共存区内，当温度增加时，液相中易挥发组分的含量会（ ）。","单选题","增大","增大及减少","减少","不变","C"]
["只要求从混合液中得到高纯度的难挥发组分，采用只有提馏段的半截塔，则进料口应位于塔的（ ）部。","单选题","顶","中","中下","底","A"]
["在四种典型塔板中，操作弹性最大的是（ ）型。","单选题","泡罩","筛孔","浮阀","舌","C"]
["从节能观点出发，适宜回流比R应取（ ）倍最小回流比Rmin。","单选题",1.1,1.3,1.7,2,"A"]
["二元溶液连续精馏计算中，物料的进料状态变化将引起（ ）的变化。","单选题","相平衡线","进料线和提馏段操作线","精馏段操作线","相平衡线和操作线","B"]
["加大回流比，塔顶轻组分组成将（ ）。","单选题","不变","变小","变大","忽大忽小","C"]
["下述分离过程中不属于传质分离过程的是（ ）。","单选题","萃取分离","吸收分离","精馏分离","离心分离","D"]
["若要求双组分混合液分离成较纯的两个组分，则应采用（ ）。","单选题","平衡蒸馏","一般蒸馏","精馏","无法确定","C"]
["以下说法正确的是（ ）。","单选题","冷液进料理q=1","汽液混合进料0<q<1","过热蒸气进料q=0","饱和液体进料q<1","B"]
["某精馏塔的馏出液量是50kmol/h，回流比是2，则精馏段的回流量是（ ）kmol/h。","单选题","100kmol/h","50kmol/h","25kmol/h","125kmol/h","A"]
["当分离沸点较高，而且又是热敏性混合液时，精馏操作压力应采用（ ）。","单选题","加压","减压","常压","不确定","B"]
["某二元混合物，若液相组成xA为0.45，相应的泡点温度为t1；气相组成yA为0.45，相应的露点温度为t2，则（ ）。","单选题",".t1＜t2","t1=t2","t1＞t2","不能判断","A"]
["两组分物系的相对挥发度越小，则表示分离该物系越（ ）。","单选题","容易","困难","完全","不完全","B"]
["在再沸器中溶液（ ）而产生上升蒸气，是精馏得以连续稳定操作的一个必不可少条件。","单选题","部分冷凝","全部冷凝","部分气化","全部气化","C"]
["正常操作的二元精馏塔，塔内某截面上升气相组成yn+1和下降液相组成Xn的关系是。","单选题","Yn+1>Xn","Yn+1<Xn","Yn+1=Xn","不能确定","A"]
["精馏过程设计时，增大操作压强，塔顶温度（ ）。","单选题","增大","减小","不变","确定","A"]
["某精馏塔的理论板数为17块（包括塔釜），全塔效率为0.5，则实际塔板数为（ ）块。","单选题",34,31,33,32,"D"]
["若仅仅加大精馏塔的回流量，会引起以下的结果是：（ ）。","单选题","塔顶产品中易挥发组分浓度提高","塔底产品中易挥发组分浓度提高","提高塔顶产品的产量","塔釜重组分浓度降低","A"]
["冷凝器的作用是提供（ ）产品及保证有适宜的液相回流。","单选题","塔顶气相","塔顶液相","塔底气相","塔底液相","B"]
["连续精馏中，精馏段操作线随（ ）而变。","单选题","回流比","进料热状态","残液组成","进料组成","A"]
["精馏塔塔顶产品纯度下降，可能是（ ）。","单选题","提馏段板数不足","精馏段板数不足","塔顶冷凝量过多","塔顶温度过低","B"]
["精馏塔操作时，回流比与理论塔板数的关系是（ ）。","单选题","回流比增大时，理论塔板数也增多","回流比增大时，理论塔板数减少","全回流时，理论塔板数最多，但此时无产品","全回流时，理论塔板数最多，此时产品很少","B"]
["操作中的精馏塔，若选用的回流比小于最小回流比，则（ ）。","单选题","不能操作","xD、xW均增加","xD、xW均不变","xD减少，xW增加","D"]
["在常压下苯的沸点为80.1℃，环乙烷的沸点为80.73℃，欲使该两组分混合物得到分离，则宜采用（ ）。","单选题","恒沸精馏","普通精馏","萃取精馏","水蒸汽蒸馏","C"]
["精馏塔的下列操作中先后顺序正确的是（ ）。","单选题","先通加热蒸汽再通冷凝水","先全回流再调节回流比","先停再沸器再停进料","先停冷却水再停产品产出","B"]
["精馏塔的操作压力增大（ ）。","单选题","气相量增加","液相和气相中易挥发组分的浓度都增加","塔的分离效率增大","塔的处理能力减少","B"]
["塔板上造成气泡夹带的原因是（ ）。","单选题","气速过大","气速过小","液流量过大","液流量过小","C"]
["有关灵敏板的叙述,正确的是（ ）。","单选题","是操作条件变化时,塔内温度变化最大的那块板","板上温度变化,物料组成不一定都变","板上温度升高,反应塔顶产品组成下降","板上温度升高,反应塔底产品组成增大","A"]
["下列叙述错误的是（ ）。","单选题","板式塔内以塔板作为气、液两相接触传质的基本构件","安装出口堰是为了保证气、液两相在塔板上有充分的接触时间","降液管是塔板间液流通道，也是溢流液中所夹带气体的分离场所","降液管与下层塔板的间距应大于出口堰的高度","D"]
["精馏塔中由塔顶向下的第n—1、n、n+1层塔板，其气相组成关系为（ ）。","单选题","yn+1>yn>yn—1","yn+1=yn=yn—1","yn+1<yn<yn—1","不确定","C"]
["若进料量、进料组成、进料热状况都不变，要提高xD，可采用（ ）。","单选题","减小回流比","增加提馏段理论板数","增加精馏段理论板数","塔釜保温良好","C"]
["在一定操作压力下，塔釜、塔顶温度可以反映出（ ）。","单选题","生产能力","产品质量","操作条件","不确定","B"]
["蒸馏生产要求控制压力在允许范围内稳定，大幅度波动会破坏（ ）。","单选题","生产效率","产品质量","气—液平衡","不确定","C"]
["（ ）是保证精馏过程连续稳定操作的必要条件之一。","单选题","液相回流","进料","侧线抽出","产品提纯","A"]
["（ ）是指离开这种板的气液两相相互成平衡，而且塔板上的液相组成也可视为均匀的。","单选题","浮阀板","喷射板","理论板","分离板","C"]
["回流比的（ ）值为全回流。","单选题","上限","下限","平均","混合","A"]
["某二元混合物，进料量为100kmol/h，xF=0.6，要求塔顶xD不小于0.9，则塔顶最大产量为（ ）。","单选题","60kmol/h","66.7kmol/h","90kmol/h","100kmol/h","B"]
["下列哪个选项不属于精馏设备的主要部分。（ ）。","单选题","精馏塔","塔顶冷凝器","再沸器","溜出液贮槽","D"]
["在多数板式塔内气、液两相的流动，从总体上是（ ）流，而在塔板上两相为（ ）流流动。","单选题","逆   错","逆   并","错   逆","并   逆","A"]
["下列哪种情况不是诱发降液管液泛的原因（ ）。","单选题","液、气负荷过大","过量雾沫夹带","塔板间距过小","过量漏液","D"]
["某精馏塔精馏段理论塔板数为N1层，提馏段理论板数为N2层，现因设备改造，使精馏段理论板数增加，提馏段理论板数不变，且F、XF、q、R、V等均不变，则此时：（ ）。","单选题","xD增加，xW不变","xD增加，xW减小","xD增加，xW增加","xD增加，xW的变化视具体情况而定","B"]
["某常压精馏塔，塔顶设全凝器，现测得其塔顶温度升高，则塔顶产品中易挥发组分的含量将（ ）。","单选题","升高","降低","不变","以上答案都不对","B"]
["在精馏过程中，当xD、xW、xF、q和回流液量一定时，只增大进料量（不引起液泛）则回流比R（ ）。","单选题","增大","减小","不变","以上答案都不对","B"]
["精馏塔温度控制最关键的部位是（ ）。","单选题","灵敏板温度","浮阀塔","泡罩塔","舌板塔","A"]
["下列塔设备中，操作弹性最小的是（ ）。","单选题","筛板塔","浮阀塔","泡罩塔","舌板塔","A"]
["精馏操作时，若其他操作条件均不变，只将塔顶的泡点回流改为过冷液体回流，则塔顶产品组成xD变化为（ ）。","单选题","变小","不变","变大","不确定","C"]
["某筛板精馏塔在操作一段时间后，分离效率降低，且全塔压降增加，其原因及应采取的措施是（ ）。","单选题","塔板受腐蚀，孔径增大，产生漏液，应增加塔釜热负荷","筛孔被堵塞，孔径减小，孔速增加，雾沫夹带严重，应降低负荷操作","塔板脱落，理论板数减少，应停工检修","降液管折断，气体短路，需要更换降液管","B"]
["有关精馏操作的叙述错误的是（ ）。","单选题","精馏的实质是多级蒸馏","精馏装置的主要设备有：精馏塔、再沸器、冷凝器、回流罐和输送设备等","精馏塔以进料板为界，上部为精馏段，下部为提馏段","精馏是利用各组分密度不同，分离互溶液体混合物的单元操作","D"]
["精馏塔回流量的增加，（ ）。","单选题","塔压差明显减小，塔顶产品纯度会提高","塔压差明显增大，塔顶产品纯度会提高","塔压差明显增大，塔顶产品纯度会减小","塔压差明显减小，塔顶产品纯度会减小","B"]
["在精馏塔操作中，若出现塔釜温度及压力不稳时，产生的原因可能是（ ）。","单选题","蒸汽压力不稳定","疏水器不畅通","加热器有泄漏","以上三种原因","D"]
["在精馏塔操作中，若出现淹塔时，可采取的处理方法有（ ）。","单选题","调进料量，降釜温，停采出","降回流，增大采出量","停车检修","以上三种方法","D"]
["精馏塔塔底产品纯度下降，可能是（ ）。","单选题","提馏段板数不足","精馏段板数不足","再沸器热量过多","塔釜温度升高","A"]
["蒸馏分离的依据是混合物中各组分的（ ）不同。","单选题","浓度","挥发度","温度","溶解度","B"]
["在蒸馏单元操作中，对产品质量影响最重要的因素是（ ）。","单选题","压力","温度","塔釜液位","进料量","B"]
["精馏塔在xF、q、R一定下操作时，将加料口向上移动一层塔板，此时塔顶产品浓度xD将（ ）塔底产品浓度xW将（ ）。","单选题","变大，变小","变大，变大","变小，变大","变小，变小","C"]
["操作中的精馏塔，保持进料量F、进料组成xF、进料热状况参数q、塔釜加热量Q不变，减少塔顶馏出量D，则塔顶易挥发组分回收率η（ ）。","单选题","变大","变小","不变","不确定","B"]
["下列说法错误的是（ ）。","单选题","回流比增大时，操作线偏离平衡线越远越接近对角线","全回流时所需理论板数最小，生产中最好选用全回流操作","全回流有一定的实用价值","实际回流比应在全回流和最小回流比之间","B"]
["精馏操作中，料液的粘度越高，塔的效率将（ ）。","单选题","越低","有微小的变化","不变","越高","A"]
["下列判断不正确的是：（ ）。","单选题","上升气速过大引起漏液","上升气速过大造成过量雾沫夹带","上升气速过大引起液泛","上升气速过大造成大量气泡夹带","A"]
["在化工生产中应用最广泛的蒸馏方式为。","单选题","简单蒸馏","平衡蒸馏","精馏","特殊蒸馏","C"]
["某二元混合物，其中A为易挥发组分，当液相组成xA=0.6，相应的泡点为t1，与之平衡的汽相组成为yA=0.7，与该yA=0.7的汽相相应的露点为t2，则t1与t2的关系为：（ ）。","单选题","t1=t2","t1<t2","t1>t2","不一定","A"]
["精馏操作时，增大回流比，其他操作条件不变，则精馏液气比L/V（ ），馏出液组成xD（ ），釜残液组成xW（ ）。","单选题","增加、不变、减小","增加、减小、不变","增加、减小、增加","增加、增加、减小","D"]
["某减压操作的精馏塔，若真空度加大，而其他条件不变，则塔釜残液组成xW（ ），馏出液组成xD（ ）。","单选题","减小、增加","减小、减小","增加、不变","减小、不变","A"]
["精馏塔设计中，增大操作压强，则相对挥发度（ ），塔顶温度（ ），塔釜温度（ ）。","单选题","增大、减小、减小","减小、减小、减小","减小、增大、增大","减小、增大、减小","C"]
["在筛板精馏塔设计中，增加塔板开孔率，可使漏液线（ ）。","单选题","上移","不动","下移","不确定","A"]
["精馏操作有五种进料状况，其中（ ）进料时，进料位置最高；而在（ ）进料时，进料位置最低。","单选题","过冷液体、饱和液体","过冷液体、过热蒸气","饱和液体、气液混合","过热蒸气、过冷液体","B"]
["蒸馏操作的依据是组分间的（ ）差异。","单选题","溶解度","密度","挥发度","蒸汽压","C"]
["精馏塔塔内离开精馏段某理论板的蒸汽露点为t1、液体泡点为t2，离开提馏段某理论板的蒸汽露点为t3、液体泡点为t4，则有（ ）的顺序关系。","单选题","t1>t2>t3>t4","t1=t2>t3=t4","t1=t2<t3=t4","t1<t2<t3<t4","C"]
["在馏出率相同条件下，简单蒸馏所得馏出液浓度（ ）平衡蒸馏。","单选题","高于","低于","等于","或高于或低于","A"]
["在汽化率相同时，平衡蒸馏的操作压力越低，两组分的分离效果。","单选题","越差","越好","无影响","不确定","B"]
["进料状态改变，将引起连续精馏塔的（ ）改变。","单选题","平衡线","操作线和q线","平衡线和操作线","平衡线和q线","B"]
["连续精馏塔操作时,增大塔釜加热蒸汽用量，若回流量L和进料的F、XF、q都不变，则L/V（ ）。","单选题","增大","减小","不变","不确定","B"]
["连续精馏塔操作时,增大塔釜加热蒸汽用量，若回流量L和进料的F、XF、q都不变，则XD（ ）。","单选题","增大","减小","不变","不确定","B"]
["从能耗上比较，萃取精馏比恒沸精馏（ ）。","单选题","大","相近","小","不确定","C"]
["多元蒸馏流程按排时，应优先分离数量（ ）的物料。","单选题","多","少","中等","可多可少","A"]
["板间距变化，其它板结构不变时，塔板负荷性能图上（ ）将改变。","单选题","三条负荷上限线:过量雾沫夹带线、降液管液泛线、降液管最小停留时间线","二条负荷下限线:漏液线、最小堰上液高线","过量雾沫夹带线","漏液线","A"]
["精馏塔全塔以同一结构尺寸的塔板组成,则每块塔板的负荷性能图（ ）。","单选题","完全相同","大致相同","不相同","不确定","C"]
["当物料有结垢现象时,选用（ ）最合适。","单选题","填料塔","浮阀塔","一般筛板塔","大孔径筛板塔","D"]
["塔板开孔率过大,会引起（ ）。","单选题","降液管液泛","漏液严重","板压降上升","雾沫夹带过量","B"]
["当塔板操作上限是过量雾沫夹带时,提高操作上弹性,可采取（ ）措施。","单选题","增大降液管","增加堰高","增大板间距","增长堰长","C"]
["当大液气比操作时,宜采用（ ）。","单选题","齿形堰","低的堰长塔径比(Lw/D)","双溢流或高的Lw/D","圆形堰","C"]
["多元蒸馏流程安排时，应优先分离相对挥发度（ ）的物料。","单选题","大","小","中等","可大可小","A"]
["多元蒸馏流程安排时，应优先分离毒性（ ）的物料。","单选题","大","小","中等","可大可小","A"]
["同一物系，总压越低，混合物各组分间的挥发度差异（ ）。","单选题","越大","越小","不变","不确定","A"]
["有两股进料的精馏塔，求取最小回流比时，应取（ ）。","单选题","XF1对应的Rmin,1","XF2对应的Rmin,2","Rmin,1与Rmin,2中的大者","Rmin,1与Rmin,2中的小者","B"]
["在相同的条件R、XD、XF、XW下，q值越大，所需理论塔板数（ ）。","单选题","越少","越多","不变","不确定","A"]
["当塔顶浓度和流率一定时，冷回流和泡点回流相比，精馏段操作线斜率（ ）。","单选题","增大","减小","不变","不确定","A"]
["当塔顶浓度和流率一定时，冷回流和泡点回流相比，提馏段操作线斜率（ ）。","单选题","增大","减小","不变","不确定","B"]
["塔顶和进料操作条件不变，易挥发组分回收率不变，设计精馏塔时，用直接蒸汽加热釜液与用间接蒸汽加热相比，精馏段液汽比L/V（ ）。","单选题","增大","减小","不变","不确定","C"]
["塔顶和进料操作条件不变，易挥发组分回收率不变，设计精馏塔时，用直接蒸汽加热釜液与用间接蒸汽加热相比，提馏段液汽比L'/V'（ ）。","单选题","增大","减少","不变","不确定","C"]
["塔顶和进料操作条件不变，易挥发组分回收率不变，设计精馏塔时，用直接蒸汽加热釜液与用间接蒸汽加热相比，残液流量W（ ）。","单选题","增大","减少","不变","不确定","A"]
["塔顶和进料操作条件不变，易挥发组分回收率不变，设计精馏塔时，用直接蒸汽加热釜液与用间接蒸汽加热相比，残液组成Xw（ ）。","单选题","增大","减少","不变","不确定","B"]
["间歇精馏要求馏出液浓度XD不变，应使（ ）。","单选题","回流量不变","回流量不断增加","回流比不变","回流比不断增加","D"]
["间歇精馏时若保持回流比R不变，则馏出液浓度XD将（ ）。","单选题","逐渐减小","逐渐增大","保持不变","变化不确定","A"]
["两股不同组成的料液进同一精馏塔分离，两股料分别进入塔的相应塔板和两股料混合后再进塔相比，前者能耗（ ）后者。","单选题","大于","小于","等于","有时大于有时小于","B"]
["塔顶全凝器改为分凝器后，其它操作条件不变，则所需理论塔板数（ ）。","单选题","增多","减少","不变","不确定","B"]
["吉利兰关联用于捷算法求理论塔板数，这一关联是（ ）。","单选题","理论关联","经验关联","数学推导公式","相平衡关联","B"]
["萃取精馏加入萃取剂的目的是（ ）。","单选题","减小原组分间的相对挥发度","增大原组分间的相对挥发度","减小原组分间的溶解度差异","增大原组分间的溶解度差异","B"]
["填料层过高需装中间液体再分布装置,是为了（ ）。","单选题","防止液泛","防止干锥现象","防止堵塞","防止阻力降过大","B"]
["当高真空精馏时,选用（ ）为宜,因其阻力降最小。","单选题","泡罩塔","浮阀塔","筛板塔","填料塔","D"]
["降液管内液体表观停留时间不得少于3-5秒的限制,是为了（ ）。","单选题","气液有足够时间分离","气液有足够时间传质","气体流动阻力不过大","液体流动时间不过大","A"]
["在精馏塔中，当板数及其它工艺条件一定时，增大回流比，将使产品质量（ ）。","单选题","变化无规律","维持不变","降低","提高","D"]
["精馏过程中采用负压操作可以（ ）。","单选题","使塔操作温度提高","使物料的沸点升高","使物料的沸点降低","适当减少塔板数","C"]
["精馏塔内上升蒸汽不足时将发生的不正常现象是（ ）。","单选题","液泛","泄漏","雾沫挟带","干板","B"]
["操作中的精馏塔，F、q、XD、XW、v1不变，减小XF，则有（ ）。","单选题","D增大，R减小","D不变，R增加","D减小，R增加","D减小，R不变","C"]
["连续精馏，提馏段操作线位置一般与（ ）无关。","单选题","进料量的多少","进料的热状况","釜残液的组成","回流比","A"]
["精馏塔精馏段操作线方程为y=0.75x+0.216,则操作回流比为（ ）。","单选题",0.75,3,0.216,1.5,"B"]
["在蒸馏生产过程中，从塔釜到塔顶，（ ）的浓度越来越高。","单选题","重组份","轻组份","混合液","各组分","B"]
["在蒸馏生产中，液泛是容易产生的操作事故，其表现形式是（ ）。","单选题","塔压增加","温度升高","回流比减小","温度降低","A"]
["精馏塔操作前，釜液进料位置应该达到（ ）。","单选题","低于1/3","1/3","1/3~2/3","满釜","C"]
["精馏塔开车时，塔顶馏出物应该先进行（ ）。","单选题","全回流","部分回流部分出料","应该低于最小回流比回流","全部出料","A"]
["精馏塔釜温度过高会造成（ ）。","单选题","轻组分损失增加","塔顶馏出物作为产品不合格","釜液作为产品质量不合格","可能造成塔板严重漏液","B"]
["一板式精馏塔操作时漏液,你准备采用（ ）方法加以解决。","单选题","加大回流比","加大釜供热量","减少进料量","减少采出量","B"]
["精馏操作中液体混合物应被加热到（ ）时，可实现精馏的目的。","单选题","泡点","露点","泡点和露点间","高于露点","C"]
["区别精馏与普通蒸馏的必要条件是（ ）。","单选题","相对挥发度小于1","操作压力小于饱和蒸气压","操作温度大于泡点温度","回流","D"]
["在板式塔中进行气液传质时，若液体流量一定，气速过小，容易发生（ ）现象；气速过大，容易发生（ ）或（ ）现象，所以必须控制适宜的气速。","单选题","漏液、液泛、淹塔","漏液、液泛、液沫夹带","漏液、液沫夹带、淹塔","液沫夹带、液泛、淹塔","A"]
["气液两相在筛板上接触，其分散相为液相的接触方式是（ ）。","单选题","鼓泡接触","喷射接触","泡沫接触","以上三种都不对","B"]
["在精馏过程中，回流的作用是提供（ ）。","单选题","提供下降的液体","提供上升的蒸汽","提供塔顶产品","提供塔底产品","A"]
["精馏操作中，其它条件不变，仅将进料量升高则塔液泛速度将（ ）。","单选题","减少","不变","增加","以上答案都不正确","A"]
["（ ）的大小对精馏设备尺寸（设备费）和操作费用有决定性的影响。","单选题","回流比","液气比","进料组成","进料温度","A"]
["用精馏塔分离组成为0.4（摩尔分率）的某二元混合液，进料量为1kmol/s，要求塔顶产量为0.5kmol/s则塔顶产品浓度将不会超过（ ）。","单选题",0.4,0.5,0.8,1,"C"]
["结晶操作中，过饱和度的大小直接影响着（ ）。","单选题","晶核的生长","晶体的生长","晶核的形成和晶体的生长","晶体的析出","C"]
["结晶操作中，母液是指（ ）。","单选题","有晶体存在的溶液","晶体全部溶解的溶液","除去晶体后剩余的溶液","原始溶液","C"]
["制备NaCl晶体，使用（ ）最适宜。","单选题","冷却法","溶剂汽化法","盐析法","离子交换法","B"]
["结晶操作中，若溶液的过饱和度大，在搅拌的作用下，形成的晶体特点是（ ）。","单选题","晶粒细小而均匀","晶粒大而均匀","晶粒大小不一","不确定","A"]
["热敏性或易氧化的物料结晶时采用的方法是（ ）。","单选题","冷却结晶","蒸发结晶","升华结晶","熔融结晶","C"]
["下列哪个不是结晶过程中晶体成长的步骤（ ）。","单选题","扩散过程","表面反应过程","传热过程","传质过程","D"]
["过饱和溶液指的是其溶解度（ ）平衡浓度。","单选题","大于","小于","等于","不确定","A"]
["超溶解度曲线位于溶解度曲线的（ ）。","单选题","下方","上方","相交","平行","B"]
["结晶操作中，结晶不能自发产生的区域是（ ）。","单选题","不稳定区","介稳区","稳定区","平衡线上","B"]
["结晶操作中，晶核形成的主要来源是（ ）。","单选题","一次成核","二次成核","搅拌","加热","B"]
["（ ）是结晶过程必不可少的推动力。","单选题","饱和度","溶解度","过饱和度","平衡溶解度","C"]
["结晶的前提是（ ）。","单选题","溶液达到饱和状态","溶液达到过饱和状态","溶液达到平衡溶解度","以上都不对","B"]
["结晶是一个质量与能量的传递过程，它是一个（ ）的过程。","单选题","吸热","放热","发光","生成新物质","B"]
["结晶过程中表面过剩吉布斯自由能ΔGs>0，则（ ）晶核形成。","单选题","加快","不影响","阻碍","以上都有可能","C"]
["晶体成核速度（ ），导致细小晶体生成。","单选题","快","慢","不变","以上都有可能","A"]
["溶剂蒸发进入不稳定区形成晶核、当产生一定量的晶种后，加入稀溶液使溶液浓度降至亚稳定区，新的晶种不再产生，溶质在晶种表面生长，这种工业起晶的方法为（ ）。","单选题","自然起晶法","刺激起晶法","晶种起晶法","溶液起晶法","A"]
["晶种起晶法中采用的晶种直径通常小于（ ）mm。","单选题",0.4,0.3,0.2,0.1,"D"]
["不能影响晶体形状的因素为（ ）。","单选题","改变过饱和度","结晶速度","改变溶剂体系、","杂质","B"]
["吸收法广泛用来控制气态污染物的排放，它基于各组分的（ ）。","单选题","溶解度不同","挥发度不同","沸点不同","溶解热不同","A"]
["选择吸收剂时不需要考虑的是（ ）。","单选题","对溶质的溶解度","对溶质的选择性","操作条件下的挥发度","操作温度下的密度","D"]
["当X*>X时，（ ）。","单选题","发生吸收过程","发生解吸过程","吸收推动力为零","解吸推动力为零","A"]
["为改善液体的壁流现象的装置是（ ）。","单选题","填料支承","液体分布","液体再分布器","除沫","C"]
["对气体吸收有利的操作条件应是（ ）。","单选题","低温+高压","高温+高压","低温+低压","高温+低压","A"]
["氨水的摩尔分率为20%，而它的比分率应是（ ）%。","单选题",15,20,25,30,"C"]
["选择吸收剂时应重点考虑的是（ ）性能。","单选题","挥发度+再生性","选择性+再生性","挥发度+选择性","溶解度+选择性","D"]
["从节能观点出发，适宜的吸收剂用量L应取（ ）倍最小用量Lmin。","单选题",2,1.5,1.3,1.1,"D"]
["利用气体混合物各组分在液体中溶解度的差异而使气体中不同组分分离的操作称为（ ）。","单选题","蒸馏","萃取","吸收","解吸","C"]
["下述说法错误的是（ ）。","单选题","溶解度系数H值很大，为易溶气体","亨利系数E值越大，为易溶气体","亨利系数E值越大，为难溶气体","平衡常数m值越大，为难溶气体","B"]
["吸收操作的目的是分离（ ）。","单选题","气体混合物","液体均相混合物","气液混合物","部分互溶的均相混合物","A"]
["在一符合亨利定律的气液平衡系统中，溶质在气相中的摩尔浓度与其在液相中的摩尔浓度的差值为（ ）。","单选题","正值","负值","零","不确定","D"]
["温度（ ）,将有利于解吸的进行。","单选题","降低","升高","变化","不变","B"]
["只要组分在气相中的分压（ ）液相中该组分的平衡分压，解吸就会继续进行，直至达到一个新的平衡为止。","单选题","大于","小于","等于","不等于","B"]
["填料支承装置是填料塔的主要附件之一，要求支承装置的自由截面积应（ ）填料层的自由截面积。","单选题","小于","大于","等于","都可以","B"]
["适宜的空塔气速为液泛气速的（ ）倍；用来计算吸收塔的塔径。","单选题","0.6-0.8","1.1-2.0","0.3-0.5","1.6-2.4","A"]
["在吸收操作中，保持L不变，随着气体速度的增加，塔压的变化趋势（ ）。","单选题","变大","变小","不变","不确定","A"]
["低浓度逆流吸收塔设计中，若气体流量、进出口组成及液体进口组成一定，减小吸收剂用量，传质推动力将（ ）。","单选题","变大","不变","变小","不确定","C"]
["逆流填料塔的泛点气速与液体喷淋量的关系是（ ）。","单选题","喷淋量减小泛点气速减小","无关","喷淋量减小泛点气速增大","喷淋量增大泛点气速增大","C"]
["正常操作下的逆流吸收塔，若因某种原因使液体量减少以至液气比小于原定的最小液气比时，下列哪些情况将发生？","单选题","出塔液体浓度增加，回收率增加","出塔气体浓度增加，但出塔液体浓度不变","出塔气体浓度与出塔液体浓度均增加","在塔下部将发生解吸现象","C"]
["在填料塔中，低浓度难溶气体逆流吸收时，若其它条件不变，但入口气量增加，则出口气体组成将（ ）。","单选题","增加","减小","不变","不定","A"]
["低浓度的气膜控制系统，在逆流吸收操作中，若其它条件不变，但入口液体组成增高时，则气相出口组成将（ ）。","单选题","增加","减小","不变","不定","A"]
["吸收塔尾气超标，可能引起的原因是（ ）。","单选题","塔压增大","吸收剂温度不变","吸收剂降温","吸收剂纯度下降","D"]
["吸收过程是溶质（ ）的传递过程。","单选题","从气相向液相","气液两相之间","从液相向气相","任一相态","A"]
["对难溶气体，如欲提高其吸收速率，较有效的手段是（ ）。","单选题","减小气相流速","增大气相流速","减小液相流速","增大液相流速","D"]
["吸收过程中一般多采用逆流流程，主要是因为（ ）。","单选题","流体阻力最小","传质推动力最大","流程最简单","操作最方便","B"]
["吸收操作大多采用填料塔，下列（ ）不属于填料塔构件。","单选题","液相分布器","疏水器","填料","液相再分布器","B"]
["最大吸收率η与（ ）无关。","单选题","液气比","液体入塔浓度","相平衡常数","吸收塔型式","D"]
["完成指定的生产任务，采取的措施能使填料层高度降低的是（ ）。","单选题","减少吸收剂中溶质的含量","用并流代替逆流操作","减少吸收剂用量","吸收剂循环使用","A"]
["下列哪一项不是工业上常用的解吸方法（ ）。","单选题","加压解吸","加热解吸","在惰性气体中解吸","精馏","A"]
["用纯溶剂吸收混合气中的溶质。逆流操作，平衡关系满足亨利定律。当入塔气体浓度y1上升，而其它入塔条件不变，则气体出塔浓度y2和吸收率φ的变化为：（ ）。","单选题","y2上升，吸收率下降","y2下降，吸收率上升","y2上升，吸收率不变","y2上升，吸收率变化不确定","C"]
["吸收操作中，气流若达到（ ），将有大量液体被气流带出，操作极不稳定。","单选题","临界气速","空塔气速","载点气速","液泛气速","D"]
["在进行吸收操作时，吸收操作线总是位于平衡线的（ ）。","单选题","上方","下方","重合","不一定","A"]
["吸收混合气中苯，已知y1=0.04，吸收率是80%，则Y1、Y2是（ ）。","单选题","0.04167kmol苯/kmol惰气0.00833kmol苯/kmol惰气；","0.02kmol苯/kmol惰气0.005kmol苯/kmol惰气","0.04167kmol苯/kmol惰气0.02kmol苯/kmol惰气","0.0831kmol苯/kmol惰气0.002kmol苯/kmol惰气","A"]
["吸收操作气速一般（ ）。","单选题","大于泛点气速","小于载点气速","大于泛点气速而小于载点气速","大于载点气速而小于泛点气速","D"]
["在吸收塔操作过程中，当吸收剂用量增加时，出塔溶液浓度（ ），尾气中溶质浓度（ ）。","单选题","下降    下降","增高    增高","下降    增高","增高     下降","A"]
["吸收操作过程中，在塔的负荷范围内，当混合气处理量增大时，为保持回收率不变，可采取的措施有（ ）。","单选题","减小吸收剂用量","增大吸收剂用量","增加操作温度","减小操作压力","B"]
["根据双膜理论，用水吸收空气中的氨的吸收过程是（ ）。","单选题","气膜控制","液膜控制","双膜控制","不能确定","A"]
["在吸收操作中，其它条件不变，只增加操作温度，则吸收率将（ ）。","单选题","增加","减小","不变","不能判断","B"]
["在填料吸收塔中，为了保证吸收剂液体的均匀分布，塔顶需设置（ ）。","单选题","液体喷淋装置","再分布器","冷凝器","塔釜","A"]
["在气膜控制的吸收过程中，增加吸收剂用量，则（ ）。","单选题","吸收传质阻力明显下降","吸收传质阻力基本不变","吸收传质推动力减小","操作费用减小","B"]
["吸收塔开车操作时，应（ ）。","单选题","先通入气体后进入喷淋液体","增大喷淋量总是有利于吸收操作的","先进入喷淋液体后通入气体","先进气体或液体都可以","C"]
["通常所讨论的吸收操作中，当吸收剂用量趋于最小用量是，完成一定的任务（ ）。","单选题","回收率趋向最高","吸收推动力趋向最大","固定资产投资费用最低","操作费用最低","D"]
["在吸收操作中，吸收剂（如水）用量突然下降，产生的原因可能是（ ）。","单选题","溶液槽液位低、泵抽空","水压低或停水","水泵坏","以上三种原因","D"]
["在吸收操作中，塔内液面波动，产生的原因可能是（ ）。","单选题","原料气压力波动",".吸收剂用量波动","液面调节器出故障","以上三种原因","D"]
["溶解度较小时，气体在液体中的溶解度遵守（ ）定律。","单选题","拉乌尔","亨利","开尔文","依数性","B"]
["用水吸收下列气体时，（ ）属于液膜控制。","单选题","氯化氢","氨","氯气","三氧化硫","C"]
["从解吸塔出来的半贫液一般进入吸收塔的（ ），以便循环使用。","单选题","中部","上部","底部","上述即可","A"]
["吸收塔内，不同截面处吸收速率（ ）。","单选题","各不相同","基本相同","完全相同","均为0","A"]
["在吸收操作中，操作温度升高，其它条件不变，相平衡常数m（ ）。","单选题","增加","不变","减小","不能确定","A"]
["填料塔以清水逆流吸收空气、氨混合气体中的氨。当操作条件一定时（Y1、L、V都一定时），若塔内填料层高度Z增加，而其它操作条件不变，出口气体的浓度Y2将（ ）。","单选题","上升","下降","不变","无法判断","B"]
["对于吸收来说，当其它条件一定时，溶液出口浓度越低，则下列说法正确的是（ ）。","单选题","吸收剂用量越小，吸收推动力将减小","吸收剂用量越小，吸收推动力增加","吸收剂用量越大，吸收推动力将减小","吸收剂用量越大，吸收推动力增加","D"]
["已知常压、20℃时稀氨水的相平衡关系为Y*=0.94X，今使含氨6%（摩尔分率）的混合气体与X=0.05的氨水接触，则将发生（ ）。","单选题","解吸过程","吸收过程","已达平衡无过程发生","无法判断","B"]
["对接近常压的溶质浓度低的气液平衡系统，当总压增大时，亨利系数（ ），相平衡常数（ ）,溶解度系数（ ）。","单选题","增大、减小、不变","减小、增大、减小","不变、减小、不变","不变、减小、增大","C"]
["逆流操作的填料塔，当脱吸因数S>1时，且填料层为无限高时，气液两相平衡出现在（ ）。","单选题","塔顶","塔底","塔上部","塔下部","B"]
["在吸收操作中，吸收塔某一截面上的总推动力（以液相组成差表示）为（ ）。","单选题","X*-X","X-X*","Xi-X","X-Xi","A"]
["当Y，Y1，Y2及X2一定时，减少吸收剂用量，则所需填料层高度Z与液相出口浓度X1的变化为（ ）。","单选题","Z，X1均增加","Z，X1均减小","Z减少，X1增加","Z增加，X1减小","A"]
["“液膜控制”吸收过程的条件是（ ）。","单选题","易溶气体，气膜阻力可忽略","难溶气体，气膜阻力可忽略","易溶气体，液膜阻力可忽略","难溶气体，液膜阻力可忽略","B"]
["液体粘度增大液相中扩散系数（ ）。","单选题","减小","增大","不变","不确定","A"]
["对一定的气体和稀溶液物系,亨利系数只取决于:（ ）。","单选题","温度","压强","浓度","流动状况","A"]
["对一定的气体和稀溶液物系,相平衡常数m取决于:（ ）。","单选题","温度和浓度","温度和压强","压强和浓度","流速和浓度","B"]
["在逆流吸收塔内,入塔条件不变,填料层高度h0趋向无穷大,当吸收因数A<1时,气液相在（ ）处达到平衡","单选题","塔顶","塔底","塔中部","塔中某一位置","B"]
["由于吸收过程气相中的溶质分压总是（ ）液相中溶质的平衡分压，所以吸收过程的操作线总是在其平衡线的（ ）。","单选题","小于，上方","大于，上方","小于，下方","大于，下方","B"]
["填料塔液体喷淋密度过小,会引起（ ）。","单选题","容易液泛","容易堵塞","塔压降增大","填料不完全湿润","D"]
["在（ ）情况下，出现液膜控制的吸收操作","单选题","平衡线y=f(x)斜率很小","溶解度系数H很大","系统符合亨利定律","亨利系数E很大","D"]
["在y-x图上,操作线若在平衡线下方,则表明传质过程是（ ）。","单选题","吸收","解吸","相平衡","不确定","B"]
["用纯溶剂逆流吸收混合气中的溶质,符合亨利定律。当入塔气体浓度上升[属低浓度范围]其他入塔条件不变,则气体出塔浓度ya和吸收率η为（ ）。","单选题","ya↑,η↓","ya↓,η↑","ya↑,η不变","ya↑,η变化不确定","C"]
["气膜控制的逆流脱吸填料塔操作中,若气量和液量同比例减少,则气体出口浓度ya和液体出塔浓度xb将（ ）。","单选题","ya↓,xb↑","ya↑,xb↑","ya↓,xb↓","ya↑,xb↓","D"]
["在解吸操作中,总压P和温度T如何变化，将有利于解吸的进行：（ ）。","单选题","P↑T↑","P↑T↓","P↓T↑","P↓T↓","C"]
["吸收是利用气体混合物各组分在液体中（ ）的差异，用液体吸收剂分离气体混合物的单元操作。","单选题","挥发性","溶解度","离心力","沸点","B"]
["其它条件不变，吸收剂用量增加，填料塔压强降（ ）。","单选题","减小","不变","增加","不能确定","C"]
["吸收时，气体进气管管端向下切成45度倾斜角，其目的是为了防止（ ）。","单选题","气体被液体夹带出塔","塔内下流液体进入管内","汽液传质不充分","液泛","B"]
["（ ）是目前使用的环行填料中性能最为良好的一种。","单选题","拉西环","鲍尔环","阶梯环","矩鞍形填料","B"]
["吸收塔的主要作用是为气液两相提供充分接触面积，使两相间的（ ），过程能够充分有效地进行，并能使接触之后的气液两相及时分开，互不夹带。","单选题","传热","传质","传热和传质","吸收","B"]
["最小液气比（ ）。","单选题","在生产中可以达到","是操作线斜率","均可用公式进行计算","可作为选择适宜液气比的依据","D"]
["生产中对填料的要求是：具有较大的（ ），气、液接触面积大；自由空间大；气体通过填料层的阻力小；具有足够的机械强度；制造容易；具有良好的化学稳定性","单选题","面积","比表面积","体积","空间","B"]
["填料的作用是为气、液两相提供充分的接触（ ），加快吸收速率。","单选题","时间","面积","空间","体积","B"]
["吸收剂的进口含量必须（ ）塔顶出口气相浓度相平衡的液相含量才可能达到规定的分离要求。","单选题","低于","高于","高低都可以","等于","A"]
["根据生产实践经验，一般情况下取适宜的液气比为最小液气比的（ ）倍。","单选题","1.1~1.5","1.3~1.8","1.1~2.0","1.5~2.0","C"]
["当V值一定的情况下，吸收剂用量减小，液气比（ ），操作线靠近平衡线，吸收过程的推动力减小，吸收速率降低。","单选题","增大","不变","减小","不一定","C"]
["若平衡关系符合亨利定律，则最小液气比可用下式计算（ ）。","单选题","（L/V）min=(Y1-Y2)/(X1*-X2)","（L/V）min=(Y2-Y1)/(X1*-X2)","（L/V）min=(Y1-Y2)/(X2-X1*)","（L/V）min=(X1*-X2)/(Y1-Y2)","A"]
["在常压下，用水逆流吸收空气中的二氧化碳，若用水量增加，则出口液体中的二氧化碳浓度将（ ）。","单选题","变大","变小","不变","不确定","B"]
["根据双膜理论，当被吸收组分在液相中溶解度很小时，以液相浓度表示的总传质系数（ ）。","单选题","大于液相传质分系数","近似等于液相传质分系数","小于气相传质分系数","近似等于气相传质分系数","B"]
["根据双膜理论，在气液接触界面处（ ）。","单选题","气相组成大于液相组成","气相组成小于液相组成","气相组成等于液相组成","气相组成与液相组成平衡","D"]
["目前应用最广泛的气体吸收理论为（ ）。","单选题","双膜理论","边界层理论","溶质渗透理论","层流理论","A"]
["弧鞍填料为对称的开式弧状结构，一般用陶瓷制造，它属于（ ）。","单选题","环型填料","鞍型填料","鞍环填料","其他填料","B"]
["在填料塔中，塔内装有一定高度的填料，液体沿着填料表面呈（ ）向下流动，作为连续相的气体自下而上流动，一与液体逆流传质。","单选题","膜状","汽状","汽泡状","鼓泡状","A"]
["以下关于填料比表面积的说法，正确的是（ ）。","单选题","填料的比表面积是单位体积的填料堆集空间中，填料所具有的表面积的总和","填料的比表面积是单位表面积的填料堆集空间中，填料所具有的体积的总和","比表面积越小，对传热、传质也越有利","比表面积大小与传热传质无关","A"]
["填料的主要作用是为吸收过程的传热、传质提供（ ）的场所。","单选题","气液接触","热量交换","液相冷凝","汽相冷凝","A"]
["在气体吸收过程中，吸收剂的纯度越高，气液两相的浓度差越大，吸收的（ ）。","单选题","推动力增大，对吸收有利","推动力减小，对吸收有利","推动力增大，对吸收不好","推动力无变化","A"]
["解吸与吸收正好是一个（ ）的过程，因此不利于吸收的因素均（ ）于解吸。","单选题","相反、不利","相反、有利","相同、有利","相同、不利","B"]
["吸收的极限是由（ ）决定的。","单选题","温度","溶剂量","相平衡","压力","C"]
["吸收操作的好坏，在很大程度上取决于能否选择恰当的（ ）。","单选题","吸收剂","吸收质","吸收液","吸收设备","A"]
["用水吸收氢气，己知总压101.33kPa、293K下的亨利系数E=6919kPa，则用浓度表示的亨利系数H为（ ）m3.Pa/mol。","单选题",384.3,13.84,124.5,138.4,"C"]
["吸收过程中，气体的溶解度甚小，欲增大吸收速率，应（ ）。","单选题","减小气相流速","减小液体流速","提高气相流速","提高液体流速","D"]
["吸收质穿过气膜的吸收速率与（ ）成正比。","单选题","气液相浓度差","液相与界面上浓度差","气液相摩尔分率差","气流主体与界面上的分压差","D"]
["吸收塔最小液气比，是指（ ）的情况，此时出口溶液浓度最大。","单选题","两相接触面积无限大，塔径无限大","液相喷淋密度无限大，塔高无限长","两相接触面积无限大，塔高无限长","停留时问无限长，两相接触面积无限大","C"]
["某合成氨厂变换气中含CO227%（体积），其余为N2、H2、CO（可视作惰性气体），含量分别为18%、52.4%、2.6%，CO2对惰性气体的比摩尔分数为（ ）。","单选题",0.37,1.37,0.74,1.74,"A"]
["气体吸收计算中，表示传质任务难易程度的量是（ ），表示设备性能高低的量是（ ）。","单选题","传质单元数     传质单元高度","传质单元高度     传质单元数","脱因系数     吸收系数","吸收系数     脱因系数","A"]
["用水吸收CO2时，各塔板上气相和液相中CO2的含量沿塔顶到塔底依次（ ）。","单选题","增大    增大","增大   减小","减小   增大","减小   减小","A"]
["逆流操作的吸收塔，当吸收因素A<1且填料为无穷高时，气液两相将在（ ）达到平衡","单选题","塔顶","塔底","塔中部","不确定","B"]
["吸收烟气时，烟气和吸收剂在吸收塔塔中应有足够的接触面积和（ ）。","单选题","滞留时间","流速","流量","压力","A"]
["低温甲醇洗工艺利用了低温甲醇对合成氨工艺原料中各气体成分选择性吸收的特点，选择性吸收是指（ ）。","单选题","各气体成分的沸点不同","各气体成分在甲醇中的溶解度不同","各气体成分在工艺气中的含量不同","各气体成分的相对分子量不同","B"]
["混合气体中每一组分可以被溶解吸收的程度取决于（ ）。","单选题","气体中该组分的分压","溶液中该组分的平衡分压","既取决于溶质A，亦取决于吸收剂B","与溶质A，吸收剂B无关","C"]
["蒸发可适用于（ ）。","单选题","挥发度相同的溶液","溶有挥发性溶质的溶液","溶有不挥发性溶质和溶有挥发性溶质的溶液","溶有不挥发性溶质和挥发性溶剂的溶液","D"]
["二次蒸汽为（ ）。","单选题","加热蒸汽；","第二效所用的加热蒸汽；","第二效溶液中蒸发的蒸汽；","无论哪一效溶液中蒸发出来的蒸汽","D"]
["热敏性物料宜采用（ ）蒸发器。","单选题","自然循环式；","强制循环式；","膜式；","都可以","C"]
["在一定的压力下，纯水的沸点比NaCl水溶液的沸点（ ）。","单选题","高；","低；","有可能高也有可能低；","高20℃。","B"]
["下列蒸发器不属于循环型蒸发器的是（ ）。","单选题","升膜式；","列文式；","外热式；","标准型","A"]
["对于在蒸发过程中有晶体析出的液体的多效蒸发，最好用下列（ ）蒸发流程。","单选题","并流法；","逆流法；","平流法；","都可以","C"]
["循环型蒸发器的传热效果比单程型的效果要（ ）。","单选题","高；","低；","相同","不确定","B"]
["有结晶析出的蒸发过程，适宜流程是（ ）。","单选题","并流加料；","逆流加料","分流（平流）加料","错流加料","C"]
["蒸发操作中所谓温度差损失，实际是指溶液的沸点（ ）二次蒸汽的饱和温度。","单选题","小于","等于","大于","上述三者都不是","C"]
["下列蒸发器，溶液循环速度最快的是（ ）。","单选题","标准式","悬框式","列文式","强制循环式","D"]
["膜式蒸发器中,适用于易结晶、结垢物料的是（ ）。","单选题","升膜式蒸发器；","降膜式蒸发器；","升降膜式蒸发器；","回转式薄膜蒸发器","D"]
["减压蒸发不具有的优点是（ ）。","单选题","减少传热面积；","可蒸发不耐高温的溶液；","提高热能利用率；","减少基建费和操作费","D"]
["就蒸发同样任务而言，单效蒸发生产能力W单与多效蒸发的生产能力W多（ ）。","单选题","W单>W多；","W单<W多","W单=W多；","不确定","C"]
["在相同的条件下蒸发同样任务的溶液时，多效蒸发的总温度差损失∑D多与单效蒸发的总温度差损失∑D单（ ）。","单选题","∑D多=∑D单；","∑D多>∑D单；","∑D多<∑D单；","不确定","B"]
["蒸发流程中除沫器的作用主要是（ ）。","单选题","汽液分离；","强化蒸发器传热；","除去不凝性气体；","利用二次蒸汽","A"]
["自然循环型蒸发器中溶液的循环是由于溶液产生（ ）。","单选题","浓度差；","密度差；","速度差；","温度差","B"]
["化学工业中分离挥发性溶剂与不挥发性溶质的主要方法是（ ）。","单选题","蒸馏","蒸发","结晶","吸收","B"]
["在单效蒸发器内，将某物质的水溶液自浓度为5%浓缩至25%（皆为质量分数）。每小时处理2t原料液。溶液在常压下蒸发，沸点是373K（二次蒸汽的汽化热为2260kJ/kg）。加热蒸汽的温度为403K，汽化热为2180kJ/kg。则原料液在沸点时加入蒸发器，加热蒸汽的消耗量是（ ）。","单选题","1960kg/h；","1660kg/h；","1590kg/h；","1.04kg/h","B"]
["下列几条措施，（ ）不能提高加热蒸汽的经济程度。","单选题","采用多效蒸发流程；","引出额外蒸汽；","使用热泵蒸发器；","增大传热面积","D"]
["为了蒸发某种粘度随浓度和温度变化比较大的溶液，应采用（ ）。","单选题","并流加料流程；","逆流加料流程；","平流加料流程；","并流或平流","B"]
["工业生产中的蒸发通常是：（ ）。","单选题","自然蒸发；","沸腾蒸发；","自然真空蒸发；","不确定","B"]
["在蒸发操作中，若使溶液在（ ）下沸腾蒸发，可降低溶液沸点而增大蒸发器的有效温度差。","单选题","减压","常压","加压","变压","A"]
["提高蒸发器生产强度的主要途径是增大：（ ）。","单选题","传热温度差","加热蒸汽压力","传热系数","传热面积","C"]
["料液粘度随浓度和温度变化较大时，若采用多效蒸发，则需采用（ ）。","单选题","并流加料流程","逆流加料流程","平流加料流程","错流加料流程","B"]
["逆流加料多效蒸发过程适用于（ ）。","单选题","粘度较小溶液的蒸发","有结晶析出的蒸发","粘度随温度和浓度变化较大的溶液的蒸发","任何情况","C"]
["设计蒸发器时，为减少蒸发所需的传热面积并降低设备费，应选择以下哪种方案：（ ）。","单选题","高的蒸发室压力","低的加料温度","高的加热蒸汽压力","低的加热蒸汽压力","C"]
["蒸发器的总传热面积、加热蒸汽压力以及冷凝器真空度相同时，多效蒸发与单效蒸发操作相比较,多效蒸发能（ ）。","单选题","提高生产强度","提高有效温差","减少经济费用","节省生蒸汽用量","D"]
["为了提高蒸发器的生产强度，（ ）。","单选题","应设法提高总传热系数或提高传热温度差,或同时提高二者","不应考虑传热系数问题,而应设法提高传热温度差","不应考虑传热温度差问题,而应设法提高传热系数","应尽可能采用并流进料法","A"]
["下列不属于蒸发设备构件的是（ ）。","单选题","加热室","分离室","气体分布器","除沫器","C"]
["处理不适宜于热敏性溶液的蒸发器有（ ）。","单选题","升膜式蒸发器","强制循环蒸发器","降膜式蒸发器","水平管型蒸发器","D"]
["为了提高蒸发器的强度，可（ ）。","单选题","采用多效蒸","加大加热蒸汽侧的对流传热系数","提高沸腾侧的对流传热系数","增加换热面积","C"]
["蒸发操作的目的是将溶液进行（ ）。","单选题","浓缩","结晶","溶剂与溶质的彻底分离","水分汽化","A"]
["自然循环型蒸发器中溶液的循环是由于溶液产生（ ）。","单选题","浓度差","密度差","速度差","温度差","B"]
["蒸发操作中所谓温度差损失，实际是指溶液的沸点（ ）二次蒸汽的饱和温度。","单选题","小于","等于","大于","上述三者都不是","C"]
["蒸发过程的实质是（ ）。","单选题","传质过程","传热过程","既传质又传热","都不是","B"]
["提高蒸发装置的真空度，一定能取得的效果为（ ）。","单选题","将增大加热器的传热温差","将增大冷凝器的传热温差","将提高加热器的总传热系数","会降低二次蒸气流动的阻力损失","A"]
["采用多效蒸发的目的在（ ）。","单选题","提高完成液的浓度","提高蒸发器的生产能力","提高水蒸气的利用率","提高完成液的产量","C"]
["含有不挥发溶质（如盐类）的溶液在沸腾条件下受热，使部分溶剂气化为蒸汽的操作成为（ ）。","单选题","精馏","挥发","蒸发","萃取","C"]
["蒸发操作中，将所产生的二次蒸汽不再利用，经直接冷凝后排出的蒸发操作成为（ ）。","单选题","简单蒸发","双效蒸发","多效蒸发","单效蒸发","D"]
["多效蒸发中，由于温度差损失的影响，效数越多，温度差损失越大，分配到每效的有效温度差就（ ）。","单选题","越小","越大","不变","不确定","A"]
["对于粘度随浓度增加而明显增大的溶液蒸发，不宜采用（ ）加料的多效蒸发流程。","单选题","并流","逆流","平流","错流","A"]
["蒸发器的有效温度差是指（ ）。","单选题","加热蒸汽温度与溶液的沸点之差","加热蒸汽与二次蒸汽温度之差","温度差损失",null,"A"]
["对热敏性及易生泡沫的稀溶液的蒸发,宜采用（ ）蒸发器。","单选题","中央循环管式","列文式","升膜式",null,"C"]
["下列说法错误的是（ ）。","单选题","多效蒸发时，后一效的压力一定比前一效的低","多效蒸发时效数越多，单位蒸气消耗量越少","多效蒸发时效数不宜过多","规模连续生产场合均采用多效蒸发","A"]
["蒸发操作中，下列措施中不能显著提高传热系数K的是（ ）。","单选题","及时排除加热蒸气中的不凝性气体","定期清洗除垢","提高加热蒸气的湍流速度","提高溶液的速度和湍流程度","C"]
["蒸发器加热室的传热系数主要取决于（ ）。","单选题","内膜给热系数","外膜给热系数","导热系数",null,"A"]
["下列说法中正确的是（ ）。","单选题","单效蒸发比多效蒸发应用广","减压蒸发可减少设备费用","二次蒸气即第二效蒸发的蒸气","采用多效蒸发的目的是降低单位蒸气消耗量","D"]
["与精馏操作相比，萃取操作不利的是（ ）。","单选题","不能分离组分相对挥发度接近于1的混合液","分离低浓度组分消耗能量多","不易分离热敏性物质","流程比较复杂","D"]
["萃取剂的选择性（ ）。","单选题","是液液萃取分离能力的表征","是液固萃取分离能力的表征","是吸收过程分离能力的表征","是吸附过程分离能力的表征","A"]
["三角形相图内任一点，代表混合物的（ ）个组分含量。","单选题","一","二","三","四","C"]
["在溶解曲线以下的两相区，随温度的升高，溶解度曲线范围会（ ）。","单选题","缩小","不变","扩大","缩小及扩大","A"]
["萃取中当出现（ ）时，说明萃取剂选择的不适宜。","单选题","kA<1","kA=1","β>1","β≤1","D"]
["单级萃取中，在维持料液组成xF、萃取相组成yA不变条件下，若用含有一定溶质A的萃取剂代替纯溶剂，所得萃余相组成xR将（ ）。","单选题","增高","减小","不变","不确定","A"]
["萃取剂的加入量应使原料与萃取剂的和点M位于（ ）。","单选题","溶解度曲线上方区","溶解度曲线下方区","溶解度曲线上","任何位置均可","B"]
["在B-S完全不互溶的多级逆流萃取塔操作中，原用纯溶剂，现改用再生溶剂，其他条件不变，则对萃取操作的影响是：（ ）。","单选题","萃余相含量不变","萃余相含量增加","萃取相含量减少","萃余分率减小","B"]
["下列不属于多级逆流接触萃取的特点是（ ）。","单选题","连续操作","平均推动力大","分离效率高","溶剂用量大","D"]
["能获得含溶质浓度很少的萃余相但得不到含溶质浓度很高的萃取相的是（ ）。","单选题","单级萃取流程","多级错流萃取流程","多级逆流萃取流程","多级错流或逆流萃取流程","B"]
["在B-S部分互溶萃取过程中，若加入的纯溶剂量增加而其它操作条件不变，则萃取液浓度y'A（ ）。","单选题","增大","下降","不变","变化趋势不确定","D"]
["有四种萃取剂，对溶质A和稀释剂B表现出下列特征，则最合适的萃取剂应选择（ ）。","单选题","同时大量溶解A和B","对A和B的溶解都很小","大量溶解A少量溶解B","大量溶解B少量溶解A","C"]
["对于同样的萃取回收率，单级萃取所需的溶剂量相比多级萃取（ ）。","单选题","比较小","比较大","不确定","相等","B"]
["多级逆流萃取与单级萃取比较，如果溶剂比、萃取相浓度一样，则多级逆流萃取可使萃余相浓度（ ）。","单选题","变大","变小","基本不变","不确定","B"]
["在原溶剂B与萃取剂S部分互溶体系的单级萃取过程中，若加入的纯萃取剂的量增加而其他操作条件不变，则萃取液中溶质A的浓度yoa（ ）。","单选题","增大","下降","不变","不确定","D"]
["分配曲线能表示（ ）。","单选题","萃取剂和原溶剂两相的相对数量关系","两相互溶情况","被萃取组分在两相间的平衡分配关系","都不是","C"]
["萃取剂的选择性系数是溶质和原溶剂分别在两相中的（ ）。","单选题","质量浓度之比","摩尔浓度之比","溶解度之比","分配系数之比","D"]
["在原料液组成及溶剂化（S/F）相同条件下，将单级萃取改为多级萃取，如下参数的变化趋势是萃取率（ ）、萃余率（ ）。","单选题","提高、降低","降低、提高","不变降低","不确定","A"]
["选择萃取剂应满足（ ）。","单选题","分配系数KA>1","分配系数KA=1","选择性系数β>1","选择性系数β=1","C"]
["当萃余液浓度一定时,溶质的分配系数越大,所需溶剂比（ ）。","单选题","越大","越小","不变","不确定","B"]
["萃取操作包括若干步骤，除了（ ）。","单选题","原料预热","原料与萃取剂混合","澄清分离","萃取剂回收","A"]
["萃取剂的选用，首要考虑的因素是（ ）。","单选题","萃取剂回收的难易","萃取剂的价格","萃取剂溶解能力的选择性","萃取剂稳定性","C"]
["混合溶液中待分离组分浓度很低时一般采用（ ）。的分离方法。","单选题","过滤","吸收","萃取","离心分离","C"]
["萃取是利用各组分间的（ ）。差异来分离液体混合物的。","单选题","挥发度","离散度","溶解度","密度","C"]
["萃取剂加入量应使原料和萃取剂的交点M位于（ ）。","单选题","溶解度曲线之上方区","溶解度曲线上","溶解度曲线之下方区","座标线上","C"]
["萃取操作应包括（ ）。","单选题","混合－澄清","混合－蒸发","混合－蒸馏","混合--水洗","A"]
["萃取剂的选择性系数越大,说明该萃取操作越（ ）。","单选题","容易","不变","困难","无法判断","A"]
["萃取操作温度一般选（ ）。","单选题","常温","高温","低温","不限","A"]
["在含苯酚的工业废水中加入溶液苯，使其充分混合，大量的苯酚将进入苯相中，以达到回收苯酚的目的，那么加入的苯溶液称为：（ ）。","单选题","吸收剂","萃取剂","轻组分","重组分","B"]
["对萃取剂的要求，要求其必须在操作条件下，能使萃取相和萃余相具有（ ）。","单选题","较大的密度差","较小的密度差","二者均可","不确定","A"]
["萃取操作是典型的（ ）。","单选题","传热过程","传质过程","热质同时传递过程","混合过程","B"]
["工业生产中进一步分离萃取相和萃余相通常采用（ ）。","单选题","蒸发","吸收","精馏","萃取","C"]
["搅拌器的功率与叶轮形状、大小和转速（ ）。","单选题","密切相关","无关","影响不大","关系不确定","A"]
["搅拌器的功率与液体的粘度和密度（ ）。","单选题","密切相关","无关","影响不大","关系不确定","A"]
["要求高湍动高剪切力的搅拌器叶轮,应是（ ）。","单选题","高转速、大直径","高转速、小直径","低转速、大直径","低转速、小直径","B"]
["螺旋浆式叶轮适用于（ ）流体。","单选题","低粘度","高粘度","要求保护结晶的","要求径向平稳搅拌的","A"]
["流化床反应器主要由四个部分构成，即气体分布装置，换热装置，气体分离装置和（ ）。","单选题","搅拌器","内部构件","导流筒","密封装置","B"]
["固定床反应器具有反应速度快、催化剂不易磨损、可在高温高压下操作等特点，床层内的气体流动可看成：（ ）。","单选题","湍流","对流","理想置换流动","理想混合流动","C"]
["与平推流反应器比较，进行同样的反应过程，全混流反应器所需要的有效体积要（ ）。","单选题","大","小","相同","无法确定","A"]
["流化床的实际操作速度显然应（ ）临界流化速度。","单选题","大于","小于","相同","无关","A"]
["催化剂使用寿命短，操作较短时间就要更新或活化的反应，比较适用（ ）反应器","单选题","固定床","流化床","管式","釜式","B"]
["对于非均相液液分散过程，要求被分散的“微团”越小越好，釜式反应器应优先选择（ ）搅拌器。","单选题","桨式","螺旋桨式","涡轮式","锚式","C"]
["平推流的特征是（ ）。","单选题","进入反应器的新鲜质点与留存在反应器中的质点能瞬间混合","出口浓度等于进口浓度","流体物料的浓度和温度在与流动方向垂直的截面上处处相等，不随时间变化","物料一进入反应器，立即均匀地发散在整个反应器中","C"]
["一个反应过程在工业生产中采用什么反应器并无严格规定，但首先以满足（ ）为主。","单选题","工艺要求","减少能耗","操作简便","结构紧凑","A"]
["釜式反应器可用于不少场合，除了（ ）。","单选题","气－液","液－液","液－固","气－固","D"]
["对于如下特征的G-S相催化反应，应选用固定床反应器：（ ）。","单选题","反应热效应大","反应转化率要求不高","反应对温度敏感","反应使用贵金属催化剂","D"]
["化学反应器的分类方式很多，按（ ）的不同可分为管式、釜式、塔式、固定床、流化床等。","单选题","聚集状态","换热条件","结构","操作方式","C"]
["固定床反应器内流体的温差比流化床反应器内流体的温差（ ）。","单选题","大","小","相等","不确定","A"]
["对气-固相流化床反应器，操作气速应（ ）。","单选题","大于临界流化速度","小于临界流化速度","大于临界流化速度而小于带出速度","大于带出速度","C"]
["当化学反应的热效应较小，反应过程对温度要求较宽，反应过程要求单程转化率较低时，可采用（ ）反应器。","单选题","自热式固定床反应器","单段绝热式固定床反应器","换热式固定床反应器","多段绝热式固定床反应器","B"]
["在同样的反应条件和要求下，为了更加经济的选择反应釜，通常选择（ ）。","单选题","全混釜","平推流反应器","间歇反应器","不能确定","B"]
["当固定床反应器在操作过程中出现超压现象时，需要紧急处理的方法是（ ）。","单选题","打开出口放空阀放空","打开入口放空阀放空","加入惰性气体","降低温度","A"]
["既适用于放热反应，也适用于吸热反应的典型固定床反应器类型是（ ）。","单选题","列管结构对外换热式固定床","多段绝热反应器","自身换热式固定床","单段绝热反应器","A"]
["薄层固定床反应器主要用于：（ ）。","单选题","快速反应","强放热反应","可逆平衡反应","可逆放热反应","A"]
["釜式反应器的换热方式有夹套式、蛇管式、回流冷凝式和（ ）。","单选题","列管式","间壁式","外循环式","直接式","C"]
["在典型反应器中，釜式反应器是按照（ ）的。","单选题","物料聚集状态分类","反应器结构分类","操作方法分类","与外界有无热交换分类","B"]
["工业反应器按形状分为：管式、（ ）、塔式","单选题","釜式","平推式","固定床式","等温式","A"]
["工业反应器的设计评价指标有：a、转化率；b、选择性；c、（ ）。","单选题","效率","产量","收率","操作性","C"]
["气固相催化反应器，分为固定床反应器和（ ）反应器。","单选题","流化床","移动床","间歇","连续","A"]
["间歇式反应器出料组成与反应器内物料的最终组成（ ）。","单选题","不相同","可能相同","相同","可能不相同","C"]
["间歇反应器是（ ）。","单选题","一次加料，一次出料","二次加料，一次出料","一次加料，二次出料","二次加料，二次出料","A"]
["属于理想的均相反应器的是（ ）。","单选题","全混流反应器","固定床反应器","流化床反应器","鼓泡反应器","A"]
["反应釜加强搅拌的目的是（ ）。","单选题","强化传热与传质","强化传热","强化传质","提高反应物料温度","A"]
["若反应物料随着反应的进行逐渐变得粘稠则应选择下列哪种搅拌器（ ）。","单选题","浆式搅拌","框式搅拌器","旋浆式搅拌器","涡轮式搅拌器","B"]
["釜式反应器可用于不少场合，除了（ ）。","单选题","气－液","液－液","液－固","气－固","D"]
["在同一温度下，反应的活化能越大，则反应速度（ ）。","单选题","越快","不变","越慢","无法确定","C"]
["反应釜中如进行易粘壁物料的反应，宜选用（ ）搅拌器。","单选题","桨式","锚式","涡轮式","螺轴式","B"]
["化学反应器中，填料塔适用于（ ）反应。","单选题","液相、气液相","气液固相","气固相","液固相","A"]
["能适用于不同工况范围最广的搅拌器形式为：（ ）。","单选题","桨式","框式","锚式","涡轮式","D"]
["经常采用压料方式放料的反应器是：（ ）。","单选题","高压釜","不锈钢釜","铅釜","瑭瓷釜","D"]
["对于液液非均相分散过程，要求增大两相接触面积，最好采用下例那种搅拌器较为合适？（ ）。","单选题","涡轮式","推进式","桨式","螺杆式","A"]
["固定床反应器，（ ）。","单选题","原料气从床层上方经分布器进入反应器","原料气从床层下方经分布器进入反应器","原料气可以从侧壁均匀的分布进入","反应后的产物也可以从床层顶部引出","A"]
["对于气固相反应，当要求有较高转化率，催化剂底层有温度分布时，所选用反应的一般为：（ ）。","单选题","流化床","固定床","鼓泡塔","反应釜","B"]
["对气-固相反应，适宜的反应器应该是（ ）。","单选题","反应釜","鼓泡塔","裂解炉","固定床","D"]
["间歇操作的特点是（ ）。","单选题","不断地向设备内投入物料","不断地从设备内取出物料","生产条件不随时间变化","生产条件随时间变化","D"]
["一个反应过程在工业生产中采用什么反应器并无严格规定，但首先以满足（ ）为主。","单选题","工艺要求","减少能耗","操作简便","结构紧凑","A"]
["一般反应器的设计中，哪一个方程式通常是不用的（ ）。","单选题","反应动力学方程式","物料衡算式","热量衡算式","动量衡算式","D"]
["低温下常用的载热介质是（ ）。","单选题","加压水","导生液","熔盐","烟道气","A"]
["工业生产中常用的热源与冷源是（ ）。","单选题","蒸汽与冷却水","蒸汽与冷冻盐水","电加热与冷却水","导热油与冷冻盐水","A"]
["化工生产上，用于均相反应过程的化学反应器主要有（ ）。","单选题","釜式、管式","鼓泡塔式","固定床","流化床","A"]
["N个CSTR进行串联，当N→∞时，整个串联组相当于（ ）反应器。","单选题","平推流","全混流","间歇釜","半间歇釜","A"]
["在典型反应器中，均相反应器是按照（ ）的。","单选题","物料聚集状态分类","反应器结构分类","操作方法分类","与外界有无热交换分类","A"]
["0.2MPa相当于（ ）mmHg。","单选题",760,1520,76,7600,"B"]
["当电器装置发生初期火灾时，可选用（ ）灭火器材。","单选题","干粉、泡沫、水蒸气","泡沫、水蒸气","干粉、CO2、卤代烃","CO2、水蒸气、干粉","C"]
["选择离心通风机时，应根据（ ）。","单选题","试验条件下风压和实际风量","试验条件下风压和试验条件下风量","实际风压和实验条件下风量","实际风压和实际风量","A"]
["蒸汽中不凝性气体的存在会使对流传热系数及值（ ）。","单选题","降低","升高","不变","都可能","A"]
["某设备压力表示值为0.8MPa，则此设备内的绝对压力是（ ）。(注：当地大气压为100kPa)","单选题","0.8MPa","0.9MPa","0.7MPa","1atm","B"]
["流体所具有的机械能不包括（ ）。","单选题","位能","动能","静压能","内能","D"]
["当圆形直管内流体的Re值为45600时，其流动形态属（ ）。","单选题","层流","湍流","过渡状态","无法判断","B"]
["脱除二氧化硫气体应选用（ ）介质。","单选题","水","碱性溶液","硅胶","酸性溶液","B"]
["转子流量计特别适宜于测量管径（ ）毫米以下的管道的流量","单选题",100,50,150,30,"B"]
["原料转化率越高，催化剂的（ ）越大","单选题","活性","选择性","寿命","稳定性","A"]
["载体是固体催化剂的特有成分，下列载体中具有高比表面积的载体是（ ）。","单选题","活性炭","硅藻土","氧化镁","刚玉","A"]
["氨合成反应的特点是（ ）。","单选题","可逆、放热、体积缩小并加入催化剂","可逆、吸热、体积缩小并加入催化剂","可逆、放热、体积增大并加入催化剂","可逆、吸热、体积增大并加入催化剂","A"]
["单程转化率指（ ）。","单选题","目的产物量／进入反应器的原料总量×100%","目的产物量／参加反应的原料量×100％","目的产物量／生成的副产物量×100％","参加反应的原料量／进入反应器的原料总量100％","D"]
["以硫铁矿为原料生产硫酸，进入转化器的二氧化硫的浓度可由（ ）进入的空气量调节。","单选题","脱吸塔","干燥塔","吸收塔","转化器","A"]
["目前我国冰醋酸的生产方法主要是（ ）。","单选题","甲醇羰基化法","乙烯氧化法","乙醇氧化法","乙醛氧化法","B"]
["仪表控制点符号TRCA~303所表示的被测变量为（ ）。","单选题","T","R","RC",303,"A"]
["在工艺管道流程图中，仪表位号的第一个字母表示（ ）。","单选题","被测变量","仪表功能","工段号","管段序号","A"]
["能组织、实施和指挥生产的技术文件是（ ）。","单选题","设备平面布置图","物料流程图","管路布置图","带控制点的工艺流程图","D"]
["对于反应后分子数增加的反应，提高反应的平衡产率的方法有（ ）。","单选题","增大压力","升高温度","充入惰性气体，并保持总压不变","采用催化剂","C"]
["某一化学反应器中的A原料进料500kg／h，进冷却器的A原料50kg／h，的选择性为90％。反应的转化率、收率分别为（ ）。","单选题","90％、90％","95％、85％","90％、81％","85％、95％","C"]
["化学工业的基础原料有：（ ）。","单选题","石油","汽油","乙烯","酒精","A"]
["化学工业的产品有：（ ）。","单选题","钢铁","煤炭","酒精","天然气","C"]
["以乙烯为原料经催化剂催化聚合而得的一种热聚性化合物是：（ ）。","单选题","PB","PE","PVC","PP","B"]
["属于天然纤维的是下列哪种物质：（ ）。","单选题","胶粘纤维","碳纤维","石棉","尼龙","C"]
["工业上使用（ ）来吸收三氧化硫制备硫酸。","单选题","水","稀硫酸","98%左右的硫酸","90%的硫酸","C"]
["下列关于氨合成催化剂的描述，哪一项正确的：（ ）。","单选题","温度越高，内表面利用率越小","氨含量越大，内表面利用率越小","催化剂粒度越大，内表面利用率越大","催化剂粒度越小，流动阻力越小","A"]
["聚合物主链中的取代基有规律的交替排列在中轴分子链的两端的聚合物，称为（ ）。","单选题","定向聚合","间规聚合","无规聚合","本体聚合","B"]
["生产ABS工程塑料的原料是（ ）。","单选题","丁二稀、苯乙烯和丙烯","丁二稀、苯乙烯和丙烯腈","丁二稀、苯乙烯和乙烯","丁二稀、苯乙烯和氯化氢","B"]
["为了提高合成氨的平衡转化率，适宜反应条件为（ ）。","单选题","高温、高压","高温、低压","低温、低压","低温、高压","D"]
["生产聚丙烯的原料丙烯通过精制后，其硫含量要求达到（ ）。","单选题","硫<10ppm","硫<1ppm","硫<100ppm","硫<0.1ppm","B"]
["在化工生产工艺技术路线选择中，首先要选择的原则是（ ）。","单选题","工艺路线的先进性","工艺技术路线的可靠性","工艺路线经济的合理性","工艺路线先进性及经济合理性","B"]
["在选择化工过程是否采用连续操作时，下述几个理由不正确的是（ ）。","单选题","操作稳定安全","一般年产量大于4500吨的产品","反应速度极慢的化学反应过程","工艺成熟","C"]
["下列聚合物中最易发生解聚反应的是（ ）。","单选题","PE","PP","PS","PMMA","D"]
["下列物质不是三大合成材料的是（ ）。","单选题","塑料","尼龙","橡胶","纤维","B"]
["在化学反应中温度升高可以使下列哪种类型反应的速度提高的更快：（ ）。","单选题","活化能高的反应","活化能低的反应","压力较高的反应","压力较低的反应","A"]
["进料与出料连续不断地流过生产装置，进、出物料量相等。此生产方式为（ ）。","单选题","间歇式","连续式","半间歇式","不确定","B"]
["（ ）最为重要，是化学工业的主要原料来源。","单选题","矿产资源","水","空气","农业副产品","A"]
["现有下列高聚物，用于制备轮胎的是（ ）。","单选题","聚乙烯","天然橡胶树脂","硫化橡胶","合成纤维","C"]
["工业重要的应用较为广泛的热塑性塑料是（ ）。","单选题","聚乙烯塑料","酚醛塑料","氨基塑料","不饱和聚酯塑料","A"]
["对于放热反应，一般是反应温度（ ），有利于反应的进行。","单选题","升高","降低","不变","改变","B"]
["间歇操作的特点是（ ）。","单选题","不断地向设备内投入物料","不断地从设备内取出物料","生产条件不随时间变化","生产条件随时间变化","D"]
["裂解气中酸性气体的脱除，通常采用乙醇胺法和碱洗法，两者比较（ ）。","单选题","乙醇胺法吸收酸性气体更彻底","乙醇胺法中乙醇胺可回收重复利用","碱洗法更适用于酸性气体含量高的裂解气","碱洗法中碱液消耗量小，更经济","B"]
["合成树脂原料中，一般都含有一定量的抗氧剂，其目的是（ ）。","单选题","为了便于保存","增加成本","降低成本","有利于反应","A"]
["在有催化剂参与的反应过程中，在某一反应周期内，操作温度常采用（ ）。","单选题","恒定","逐渐升高","逐渐降低","波浪变化","B"]
["烃类裂解制乙烯过程正确的操作条件是（ ）。","单选题","低温、低压、长时间","高温、低压、短时间","高温、低压、长时间","高温、高压、短时间","B"]
["作为化工生产操作人员应该（ ）。","单选题","按照师傅教的操作","严格按照“操作规程”操作","按照自己的理解操作","随机应变操作","B"]
["反应温度过高对化工生产造成的不良影响可能是（ ）。","单选题","催化剂烧结","副产物增多","爆炸危险性增大","以上都有可能","D"]
["指出下列物质中哪一个不是自由基型聚合反应中的单体（ ）。","单选题","乙烯","丙烯醇","丁二烯","丙二醇","D"]
["PVC是指（ ）。","单选题","聚乙烯","聚丙烯","聚氯乙烯","聚苯乙烯","C"]
["影响反应过程的基本因素有（ ）。","单选题","温度、压力、原料配比、浓度","温度、原料配比、浓度","温度、压力、原料配比及停留时间","温度、压力、停留时间","C"]
["在气固相催化反应中，空速和（ ）。","单选题","气体流量成正比","温度成正比","停留时间成正比","其他条件无关","A"]
["下列各加工过程中不属于化学工序的是（ ）。","单选题","硝化","裂解","蒸馏","氧化","C"]
["下列各项中不属于分离与提纯操作的是（ ）。","单选题","传热","吸收","萃取","蒸馏","A"]
["下列哪个不是制造高分子合成材料的基本原料（ ）。","单选题","矿石","石油","天然气","煤炭","A"]
["被称为“塑料王”的材料名称是（ ）。","单选题","聚乙烯","聚丙烯","聚四氟乙烯","聚酰胺-6","C"]
["实际生产过程中，为提高反应过程的目的产物的单程收率，宜采用以下（ ）措施。","单选题","延长反应时间，提高反应的转化率，从而提高目的产物的收率","缩短反应时间，提高反应的选择性，从而提高目的产物的收率","选择合适的反应时间和空速，从而使转化率与选择性的乘积即单程收率达最大","选择适宜的反应器类型，从而提高目的产物的收率","C"]
["在化工生产反应过程中，表示化工生产过程状态的参数是（ ）。","单选题","温度","生产能力","选择性","消耗指标","A"]
["BPO是聚合反应时的（ ）。","单选题","引发剂","单体","氧化剂","催化剂","A"]
["下面高聚物哪一个不是均聚物（ ）。","单选题","PVC","PTFE","ABS树脂","PP","C"]
["对于低压下放热的可逆气相反应，温度升高，则平衡常数（ ）。","单选题","增大","减小","不变","不能确定","B"]
["对于低压下吸热的可逆气相反应，压力升高，则平衡常数（ ）。","单选题","增大","减小","不变","不能确定","D"]
["化工基本原料是指（ ）。","单选题","石油","天然气","煤","苯","D"]
["有机玻璃是指（ ）。","单选题","聚乙烯","聚氯乙烯","聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯","聚苯乙烯","C"]
["PET是指（ ）。","单选题","脲醛树脂","涤纶树脂","醇酸树脂","环氧树脂","B"]
["反应一个国家石油化学工业发展规模和水平的物质是（ ）。","单选题","石油","乙烯","苯乙烯","丁二烯","B"]
["硫铁矿在沸腾炉中焙烧的过程属于（ ）。","单选题","固定床","流化床","输送床","移动床","B"]
["化工生产一般包括以下（ ）组成","单选题","原料处理和化学反应","化学反应和产品精制","原料处理和产品精制","原料处理、化学反应和产品精制","D"]
["对一个反应在生产中采用什么反应器并无严格规定，但首先以满足（ ）为主。","单选题","工艺要求","减少能耗","操作简便","结构紧凑","A"]
["化工生产过程是指从原料出发，完成某一化工产品生产的全过程，其核心是（ ）。","单选题","生产程序","投料方式","设备选择","工艺过程","D"]
["化工生产过程中，常用于加热的物料是（ ）。","单选题","中压饱和水蒸汽","低压过热水蒸汽","高温烟道气","高温高压过热蒸汽","A"]
["塑料的组成以（ ）为主，还含有一定量的填料、增塑剂、着色剂及其他各种添加剂等","单选题","玻璃纤维","苯二甲酸甲酯","合成树脂","滑石粉","C"]
["高压法甲醇合成塔的原料气分主、副线进料。其中，副线进料的目的是（ ）。","单选题","调节原料气的浓度","调节反应器中的压力","调节催化剂床层反应温度","调节原料气的空间速度","C"]
["氨合成时，提高压力，对氨合成反应（ ）。","单选题","平衡和速度都有利","平衡有利，速度不利","平衡不利，速度有利","平衡和反应速度都不利","A"]
["化学工艺按原料的不同来分类不包括下列（ ）。","单选题","煤化工","天然气化工","精细化工","石油化工","C"]
["下列不能用作工程塑料的是（ ）。","单选题","聚氯乙烯","聚碳酸酯","聚甲醛","聚酰胺","A"]
["小批量、多品种的精细化学品的生产适用于（ ）过程","单选题","连续操作","间歇操作","半连续操作","半间歇操作","B"]
["CH4+H2O=CO+3H2-Q达到平衡时，升高温度化学平衡向（ ）移动","单选题","正反应方向","逆反应方向","不移动","无法判断","A"]
["利用物料蒸发进行换热的条件是（ ）。","单选题","各组分的沸点低","原料沸点低于产物沸点","产物沸点低于原料沸点","物料泡点为反应温度","D"]
["转化率指的是（ ）。","单选题","生产过程中转化掉的原料量占投入原料量的百分数","生产过程中得到的产品量占理论上所应该得到的产品量的百分数","生产过程中所得到的产品量占所投入原料量的百分比","在催化剂作用下反应的收率","A"]
["反应物流经床层时，单位质量催化剂在单位时间内所获得目的产物量称为（ ）。","单选题","空速","催化剂负荷","催化剂空时收率","催化剂选择性","C"]
["下列过程中既有传质又有传热的过程是（ ）。","单选题","精馏","间壁换热","萃取","流体输送","A"]
["蒸馏塔正常操作时，仪表用压缩空气断了，应当先（ ）。","单选题","停进料预热器和塔釜加热器","停止进料","停止采出","等待来气","A"]
["以下对硫酸生产中二氧化硫催化氧化采用“两转两吸”流程叙述正确的是（ ）。","单选题","最终转化率高，尾气中二氧化硫低","进转化器中的炉气中二氧化硫的起始浓度高","催化剂利用系数高","用于该流程的投资较其他流程的投资少","D"]
["所谓“三烯、三苯、一炔、一萘”是最基本的有机化工原料，其中的三烯是指（ ）。","单选题","乙烯、丙烯、丁烯","乙烯、丙烯、丁二烯","乙烯、丙烯、戊烯","丙烯、丁二烯、戊烯","B"]
["硝酸生产的原料是（ ）。","单选题","H2","N2","Ar","NH3","D"]
["高压聚乙烯是（ ）。","单选题","PP","LDPE","HDPE","PAN","B"]
["属于热固性塑料的是（ ）。","单选题","PS","PVC","EP","PP","C"]
["固定层发生炉要求燃料的灰熔点一般大于（ ）。","单选题","900℃","1000℃","1250℃","1350℃","C"]
["有利SO2氧化向正方向进行的条件是（ ）。","单选题","增加温度","降低温度","降低压力","增加催化剂","B"]
["从反应动力学角度考虑，增高反应温度使（ ）。","单选题","反应速率常数值增大","反应速率常数值减小","反应速率常数值不变","副反应速率常数值减小","A"]
["若标准吉氏函数值大于零，则表示（ ）。","单选题","反应能自发进行","反应不能自发进行","反应处于平衡状态","不一定","B"]
["低压法羰基合成醋酸的原料是（ ）。","单选题","乙醇和一氧化碳","乙烯和一氧化碳","甲醇和一氧化碳","乙炔和一氧化碳","C"]
["在目前，有机基本原料主要是通过（ ）加工得到。","单选题","煤","石油","天然气","生物质","B"]
["目前，我们日常生活中冰箱常用得保鲜膜是（ ）。","单选题","PE","PVC","PET","PAN","A"]
["烃类裂解反应中，提高乙烯收率的方法是（ ）。","单选题","提高裂解温度","提高芳烃指数","延长裂解时间","缩短裂解时间","A"]
["氨合成塔一般是由内件和外筒两部分组成，其主要目的是（ ）。","单选题","便于维修","便于制造","防止腐蚀","有利于反应","C"]
["硫铁矿焙烧通常采用（ ）。","单选题","固定床","流化床","鼓泡床","搅拌釜","B"]
["能够使合成氨反应进行的程度增大的措施是（ ）。","单选题","升高温度","降低压强","使用催化剂","不断移去NH3","D"]
["采用ADA法脱硫时，脱硫液中可起到吸收H2S气体作用的是（ ）。","单选题","NaHCO3","Na2CO3","NaVO3","Na2V4O9","B"]
["低温甲醇法脱碳属于（ ）。","单选题","化学吸收法","物理吸收法","物理化学吸收法","都不是","B"]
["装置开始引公用介质必须具备(  )的条件。","单选题","设备检修与安装已经结束","公用介质管道试压完毕","装置所有盲板都已经拆除","装置所有阀门都已经打开","A"]
["装置开始引公用介质前必须通知(  )，引介质必须逐一引入，引入速度要慢，避免对公用管网造成冲击。","单选题","调度","化验部门","上游装置","下游装置","A"]
["精馏开车过程中回流已经建立以后，回流罐液面低此时应该采取的操作正确的是(  )。","单选题","提高回流量","降低塔的进料量","减少塔底热源量","降低回流量","D"]
["压缩机控制中，经常用来联锁的参数是(  )。","单选题","流量","压力","温度","振动","D"]
["以下不属于油系统跑油的处理方法的是(  )。","单选题","切断漏油阀门","停油泵","泥沙掩盖","水冲洗","D"]
["气缚是离心泵在运行过程中一种不正常现象，一旦发生时，主要采取的措施是(  )。","单选题","调节增大离心泵的入口压力","停泵排气","增加泵的入口流量","降低被输介质的温度","B"]
["阀门填料密封泄漏不大时，可(  )。","单选题","紧填料压盖","开大阀门","阀杆加油","管道泄压","A"]
["判断离心泵润滑油变质的首要措施是(  )。","单选题","停车检查","目测","取样进行油品分析","继续使用","B"]
["不属于开车前容器外部检查主要内容的有(  )。","单选题","液面计是否安装好","防涡器是否完好","放空阀是否安装好","安全阀是否安装好","B"]
["容器试压捉漏中需要检查的点不包括(  )。","单选题","容器放空阀是否泄漏","安全阀本体是否泄漏","液面计是否有漏点","容器顶压力表是否完好","B"]
["蒸汽透平停车后要(  )。","单选题","立即停润滑油系统","盘车","关蒸汽透平导淋","停蒸汽透平密封","B"]
["对于设置“自启动”连锁输送高温介质的离心泵，备车状态错误的一项是(  )。","单选题","应该处于热备用状态","泵出口阀应该处于打开位置","泵出口阀应该处于关闭位置","启动开关应该在“自动”位置","C"]
["投用水冷却器时应当对换热器进行(  )。","单选题","排水","排气","排空","无要求","B"]
["压缩机在运行之前盘车的原因是(  )。","单选题","使压缩机均压受热","检查油系统","使轴瓦过油","检查密封系统","C"]
["下面不属于四懂的有(  )。","单选题","懂结构","懂性能","懂原理","懂操作","D"]
["在冬季，水环式真空泵停运后要对泵体进行(  )操作。","单选题","保温","充液","排液","保压","C"]
["离心泵检修前泵内压力要求(  )。","单选题","微正压","常压","负压","不一定","B"]
["泵润滑油的油位应是(  )。","单选题","油视镜满刻度","加满为止","油视镜的1/2至3/4位置","高于油视镜的3/4位置","C"]
["电机正常运转时，工艺操作工一般不检查的是(  )。","单选题","电流","电压","线圈温度","电机温度","B"]
["管道的外部检查(  )至少要进行一次。","单选题","每季度","每半年","每年","三年","C"]
["压力容器安装完毕后,首先要进行的工作是(  )。","单选题","吹洗","气密性实验","流程贯通","强度试验","D"]
["机泵大修后压力、流量平稳，出力能满足正常生产要求，或达到铭牌能力的(  )％以上。","单选题",50,75,90,95,"C"]
["小型机泵加润滑油时，一般用(  )。","单选题","油壶","油桶","油站","都可以","A"]
["柱塞泵启动前要求(  )。","单选题","出、入口阀均关闭","出、入口阀均打开","入口阀开，出口阀关","入口阀关，出口阀开","B"]
["离心泵抽空后正确的处理办法是(  )。","单选题","保持泵运行，开大入口阀","保持泵运行，关小出口阀","保持泵运行，提高泵入口压力","停泵，重新灌泵排气启动","D"]
["氮气管线“两切一放”的排放阀位置处在(  )。","单选题","两个切断阀之前","两个切断阀之间","两个切断阀之后","前后均可","B"]
["变换热水泵开车前需要预热是为了防止(  )导致设备损坏。","单选题","盘车不好","温差过大","润滑不好","密封泄漏","B"]
["能导致氨合成催化剂暂时中毒的物质是(  )。","单选题","CO","CH4","H2S","砷化物","A"]
["调节阀在(  )情况下要改副线操作。","单选题","工艺波动时","工艺正常时","装置开车时","调节失灵时","D"]
["用来减少离心泵打量的方法正确的是(  )。","单选题","关小出口阀的开度","关小入口阀的开度","提高泵的转速","开大出口阀的开度","A"]
["机泵运行期间，润滑油量过低会导致轴承温度(  )。","单选题","升高","不变","降低","不能确定","A"]
["造成离心泵气缚现象发生的原因是(  )。","单选题","泵加热不充分","泵体倒淋未排放","泵未从高点排气","输送介质温度过高","C"]
["润滑油“三级过滤”指的是(  )。","单选题","油站→油壶→注油点","油站→油箱→注油点","油筒→油壶→注油点","油站→油筒→油壶","C"]
["气化炉开车引入天然气前对天然气管线的置换是通过(  )进行的。","单选题","操作人员采用手动控制","开车程序自动控制","不需要置换","都可以","B"]
["离心泵设置低液位保护是为了防止(  )。","单选题","泵汽蚀","泵气缚","泵抽空","泵过载","C"]
["离心泵气缚现象发生后处理方法正确的是(  )。","单选题","停泵排气","增加入口阀的开度","增加出口阀的开度","开泵体导淋排放","A"]
["导致离心泵汽蚀现象发生的原因中，描述不正确的是(  )。","单选题","入口管线阻力大","泵输出流量过小","泵输出流量过大","泵入口压力下降","C"]
["下列对液化气泄漏处理不正确的是(  )。","单选题","切断泄漏阀门","降低液化气压力","用水对泄漏点冲洗","用蒸汽对泄漏点冲洗","C"]
["在离心泵运行过程中，不可能导致离心泵汽蚀的是(  )。","单选题","流体温度升高","流体入口压力下降","低流量长时间运行","高流量运行","D"]
["对天然气的泄漏以下处理不当的是(  )。","单选题","用氮气吹扫稀释泄漏的天然气","降低天然气压力","提高天然气压力","做停车准备","C"]
["压缩机密封油气压差低，可以通过(  )调节。","单选题","降低密封油高位油槽液位","升高密封油高位油槽液位","提高密封油油泵出口压力","降低密封油压力","B"]
["火炬设置保安氮的作用是(  )。","单选题","对火炬内杂质进行吹扫","对火炬进行氮气置换","给火炬保压","防止火炬进入可燃气体","B"]
["蒸汽管网向下一级管网减压送汽后，温度的调整是通过(  )。","单选题","减温水降温","换热器降温","自然降温","不需要调整温度","A"]
["对于离心泵轴承温度异常升高的原因，说法错误的是(  )。","单选题","轴承冷却水量少或中断","润滑油量少或中断","环境温度高","润滑油质量不合格","C"]
["润滑油过滤器切换时(  )。","单选题","停油泵","不停油泵","停压缩机","停油冷器","B"]
["装置紧急停车切断原料进装置界区阀前要注意(  )。","单选题","联系上游装置","脱水","降温","降回流","A"]
["催化剂的作用与（ ）无关。","单选题","反应速度","平衡转化率","反应的选择性","设备的生产能力","B"]
["下列性质不属于催化剂三大特性的是（ ）。","单选题","活性","选择性","稳定性","溶解性","D"]
["固体催化剂的组成不包括下列哪种组分（ ）。","单选题","活性组分","载体","固化剂","助催化剂","C"]
["关于催化剂的作用，下列说法中不正确的是（ ）。","单选题","催化剂改变反应途径","催化剂能改变反应的指前因子","催化剂能改变体系的始末态","催化剂改变反应的活化能","C"]
["在对峙反应A+B«C+D中加入催化剂(k1、k2分别为正、逆向反应速率常数)，则(  )。","单选题","k1、k2都增大，k1/k2增大","k1增大，k2减小，k1/k2增大","k1、k2都增大，k1/k2不变","k1和k2都增大，k1/k2减小","C"]
["制备好的催化剂在使用的活化过程常伴随着(  )。","单选题","化学变化和物理变化","化学变化和热量变化","物理变化和热量变化","温度变化和压力变化","A"]
["按（ ）分类，一般催化剂可分为过渡金属催化剂、金属氧化物催化剂、硫化物催化剂、固体酸催化剂等。","单选题","催化反应类型","催化材料的成分","催化剂的组成","催化反应相态","B"]
["下列（ ）项不属于预防催化剂中毒的工艺措施。","单选题","增加清净工序","安排预反应器","更换部分催化剂","装入过量催化剂","C"]
["催化剂的主要评价指标是（ ）。","单选题","活性、选择性、状态、价格","活性、选择性、寿命、稳定性","活性、选择性、环保性、密度","活性、选择性、环保性、表面光洁度","B"]
["固体催化剂的组分包括（ ）。","单选题","活性组分、助催化剂、引发剂","活性组分、助催化剂、溶剂","活性组分、助催化剂、载体","活性组分、助催化剂、稳定剂","C"]
["催化剂的活性随运转时间变化的曲线可分为（ ）三个时期。","单选题","成熟期－稳定期－衰老期","稳定期－衰老期－成熟期","衰老期－成熟期－稳定期","稳定期－成熟期－衰老期","A"]
["催化剂中具有催化性能的是（ ）。","单选题","载体","助催化剂","活性组分","抑制剂","C"]
["载体是固体催化剂的特有成分,载体一般具有（ ）的特点。","单选题","大结晶、小表面、多孔结构","小结晶、小表面、多孔结构","大结晶、大表面、多孔结构","小结晶、大表面、多孔结构","D"]
["各种类型反应器采用的传热装置中，描述错误的是（ ）。","单选题","间歇操作反应釜的传热装置主要是夹套和蛇管，大型反应釜传热要求较高时，可在釜内安装列管式换热器","对外换热式固定床反应器的传热装置主要是列管式结构","鼓泡塔反应器中进行的放热反应，必需设置如夹套、蛇管、列管式冷却器等塔内换热装置或设置塔外换热器进行换热","同样反应所需的换热装置，传热温差相同时，流化床所需换热装置的换热面积一定小于固定床换热器","C"]
["工业上固体催化剂是由（ ）组成的。","单选题","正催化剂和负催化剂","主催化剂和辅催化剂","活性组分、助催化剂和载体","活性组分、助剂和载体","C"]
["催化剂中毒有（ ）两种情况。","单选题","短期性和长期性","短期性和暂时性","暂时性和永久性","暂时性和长期性","C"]
["催化剂按形态可分为(  )。","单选题","固态，液态、等离子态","固态、液态、气态、等离子态","固态、液态","固态、液态、气态","D"]
["催化剂一般由、助催化剂和载体组成(  )。","单选题","粘接剂","分散剂","活性主体","固化剂","C"]
["催化剂的评价指标主要有：①比表面和内表面利用率、②孔隙率和堆积密度、③（ ）、④机械强度。","单选题","形状","毒物的影响","活性温度范围","使用年限","C"]
["对于催化剂特征的描述，哪一点是不正确的（ ）。","单选题","催化剂只能缩短达到平衡的时间而不能改变平衡状态","催化剂对反应的加速作用具有选择性","催化剂可以改变化学平衡常数","催化剂加入不能实现热力学上不可能进行的反应","C"]
["把制备好的钝态催化剂经过一定方法处理后，变为活泼态的催化剂的过程称为催化剂的（ ）。","单选题","活化","燃烧","还原","再生","A"]
["在催化剂中常用载体，载体所起的主要作用，哪一条是不存在的？(  )","单选题","提高催化剂的机械强度","增大催化剂活性表面","改善催化剂的热稳定性","防止催化剂中毒","D"]
["性能良好的催化剂应具有比较大的（ ）。","单选题","表面积","体积","比表面积","密度","C"]
["把暂时中毒的催化剂经过一定方法处理后，恢复到一定活性的过程称为催化剂的（ ）。","单选题","活化","燃烧","还原","再生","D"]
["在固体催化剂的主要评价指标中，首先要考虑的是（ ）。","单选题","活性","选择性","寿命","稳定性","A"]
["催化剂所以能加快反应速率，原因在于（ ）。","单选题","催化剂的加入使反应的平衡转化率变大","催化剂的加入使正反应的反应速率变大，使逆反应的反应速率变小","催化剂的加入，改变反应的途径，降低了反应的活化能","催化剂的加入使反应的反应热数值更大","C"]
["管式反应器中催化剂一般为（ ）。","单选题","球状","环状","片状","柱状","D"]
["固体催化剂颗粒内气体扩散的类型不包括（ ）。","单选题","分子扩散","克努森扩散","构型扩散","菲克扩散","D"]
["催化剂化学活化的方式不包括（ ）。","单选题","氧化","硫化","还原","硝化","D"]
["下列关于催化剂的叙述不正确的是（ ）。","单选题","改变了反应途径","降低反应活化能","加快反应速度","改变反应类型","D"]
["原料转化率越高，可显示催化剂的（ ）越大。","单选题","活性","选择性","寿命","稳定性","A"]
["在催化剂适宜的温度范围内，当温度逐渐升高时，以下描述正确的是：（ ）。","单选题","反应速度加快","转化率提高","选择性下降","收率提高","A"]
["载体是固体催化剂的特有成分，下列载体中具有高比表面积的载体是（ ）。","单选题","活性碳","硅藻土","氧化镁","刚玉","A"]
["催化剂具有（ ）特性。","单选题","改变反应速度","改变化学平衡","既改变反应速度又改变化学平衡","反应速度和化学平衡均不改变，只改变反应途径","A"]
["沸石分子筛的一级单元是哪种结构相互联结（ ）。","单选题","氧桥","离子键","共价键","配位吸附","A"]
["工业上之所以应用催化剂是因为它可以提高（ ）。","单选题","正反应速率","逆反应速率","正反应速率和逆反应速率","无法判断","C"]
["催化剂活化的逆操作是（ ）。","单选题","钝化","烧结","积碳","中毒","A"]
["下列哪项不属于均相配位化合物催化剂（ ）。","单选题","KMNO4","HCO(CO)4","Al(C2H5)2Cl","RhCl(CO)(PPh3)2","A"]
["钴钼加氢催化剂中真正起活性作用的是（ ）。","单选题","CoO","MoO3","MoS2","CO9S8","C"]
["下列哪项是工业用生物催化剂（ ）。","单选题","细菌","病毒","酶","活性物质","C"]
["催化剂可以（ ）。","单选题","降低活化能","提高活化能","减少活化分子数","无法判断","A"]
["催化剂床层的空隙率与（ ）无关。","单选题","温度","粒度","颗粒的形状","充填方式","A"]
["设备分类代号中表示容器的字母为（ ）。","单选题","T","V","P","R","B"]
["在方案流程图中，设备的大致轮廓线应用（ ）表示。","单选题","粗实线","细实线","中粗实线","双点划线","B"]
["化工工艺流程图是一种表示（ ）的示意性图样，根据表达内容的详略，分为方案流程图和施工流程图。","单选题","化工设备","化工过程","化工工艺","化工生产过程","D"]
["化工工艺流程图中的设备用（ ）线画出，主要物料的流程线用（ ）实线表示。","单选题","细，粗","细，细","粗，粗","粗，细","A"]
["设备类别代号T涵义为（ ）。","单选题","塔","换热器","容器","泵","A"]
["（ ）在工艺设计中起主导作用，是施工安装的依据，同时又作为操作运行及检修的指南。","单选题","设备布置图","管道布置图","工艺管道及仪表流程图","化工设备图","C"]
["工艺流程图基本构成是（ ）。","单选题","图形","图形和标注","标题栏","图形、标注和标题栏","D"]
["管道的常用表示方法是（ ）。","单选题","管径代号","管径代号和外径","管径代号、外径和壁厚","管道外径","C"]
["化工工艺图包括：工艺流程图、设备布置图和（ ）。","单选题","物料流程图","管路立面图","管路平面图","管路布置图","D"]
["下图中所示法兰属于（ ）法兰。","单选题","平焊","对焊","插焊","活动","B"]
["游标卡尺上与游标0线对应的零件尺寸为28mm，游标总长度为19mm，有20个刻度，游标与主尺重合刻度线为5，该零件的实际尺寸是（ ）。","单选题","28.5mm","28.25mm","28.1mm","28.75mm","B"]
["有一条蒸汽管道和两条涂漆管道相向并行，这些管道垂直面排列时由上而下排列顺序是（ ）。","单选题","粉红—红—深绿","红—粉红—深绿","红—深绿—粉红","深绿—红—粉红","C"]
["下列（ ）化工设备的代号是E。","单选题","管壳式余热锅炉","反应釜","干燥器","过滤器","A"]
["管道轴测图一般定Z轴为（ ）。","单选题","东西方向","南北方向","上下方向","左右方向","C"]
["化工制图中工艺物料管道用（ ）线条绘制流程图。","单选题","细实线","中实线","粗实线","细虚线","C"]
["在化工工艺流程图中，仪表控制点以（ ）在相应的管道上用符号画出。","单选题","虚线","细实线","粗实线","中实线","B"]
["管道标准为W1022—25×2.5B，其中10的含义是（ ）。","单选题","物料代号","主项代号","管道顺序号","管道等级","B"]
["在设备分类代号中那个字母代表换热器？（ ）。","单选题","T","E","F","R","B"]
["在工艺管道及仪表流程图中，设备是用（ ）绘制的。","单选题","粗实线","细虚线","细实线","点划线","C"]
["在工艺管道及仪表流程图中，是由图中的（ ）反映实际管道的粗细的。","单选题","管道标注","管线粗细","管线虚实","管线长短","A"]
["利用阀杆升降带动与之相连的圆形阀盘，改变阀盘与阀座间的距离达到控制启闭的阀门是（ ）。","单选题","闸阀","截止阀","蝶阀","旋塞阀","B"]
["（ ）在管路上安装时，应特别注意介质出入阀口的方向，使其“低进高出”。","单选题","闸阀","截止阀","蝶阀","旋塞阀","B"]
["（ ）表示有根管线投影重叠。","单选题",5,4,3,2,"C"]
["在工艺流程图中，常用设备如换热器、反应器、容器、塔的符号表示顺序是（ ）。","单选题","“T、V、R、E”","“R、F、V、T”","“E、R、V、T”","“R、V、L、T”","C"]
["化工工艺流程图分为（ ）和施工流程图。","单选题","控制流程图","仪表流程图","设备流程图","方案流程图","D"]
["表示：（ ）。","单选题","螺纹连接，手动截止阀","焊接连接，自动闸阀","法兰连接，自动闸阀","法兰连接，手动截止阀","D"]
["带控制点工艺流程图又称为（ ）。","单选题","方案流程图","施工流程图","设备流程图","电气流程图","B"]
["带控制点流程图一般包括：图形、标注、（ ）、标题栏等。","单选题","图例","说明","比例说明","标准","A"]
["在带控制点工艺流程图中的图例是用来说明管件、（ ）、控制点等符号的意义。","单选题","压力表","阀门","流量计","温度计","B"]
["工艺物料代号PA是（ ）。","单选题","工艺气体","工艺空气","气液两相工艺物料","气固两相工艺物料","B"]
["PG1310—300A1A为某一管道的标注，其中300是指（ ）。","单选题","主项编号","管道顺序号","管径","管道等级","C"]
["工艺流程图的工艺过程内容是用（ ）的线条来表示的。","单选题","等比例","准确的","示意性","随意性","C"]
["带控制点的工艺流程图构成有（ ）。","单选题","设备、管线、仪表、阀门、图列和标题栏","厂房","设备和厂房","方框流程图","A"]
["厂房的外墙长度尺寸标注3600，其长度应该是（ ）。","单选题","3600米","600厘米","3600毫米","36米","C"]
["最小极限尺寸与基本尺寸的代数差，叫（ ）。","单选题","上偏差","下偏差","极限偏差","标准偏差","B"]
["尺寸公差是一个不为零、永远为（ ）的数。","单选题","正值","负值","整数","分数","A"]
["下列管路图例中那一种代表《夹套管路》写出字母（ ）。","单选题",{"$nulls":4},"C"]
["指出常用的管路（流程）系统中的阀门图形符号哪个是“止回阀”，其符号是（ ）。","单选题",{"$nulls":4},"A"]
["下列四种阀门图形中，表示截止阀的是（ ）。","单选题","①","②③","①②③","①②③④","D"]
["已知管路平面图，选择视图有误的一项管路平面图（ ）。","单选题","右视图","左视图","正视图","俯视图","D"]
["内压薄壁容器，其筒体的环向应力是轴向应力的（ ）倍。","单选题",2,4,1,8,"A"]
["固定床和流化床反应器相比，相同操作条件下，流化床的（ ）较好一些。","单选题","传热性能","反应速率","单程转化率","收率","A"]
["工艺流程图包含（ ）。","单选题","方案流程图","物料流程图和首页图","管道及仪表流程图","以上都是","D"]
["能够反应化工设备的主要性能、规格的尺寸是（ ）。","单选题","安装尺寸","外形尺寸","特性尺寸","其它尺寸","C"]
["在工艺流程图中，流程线相交时，一般同一物料流程线交叉时，应做到（ ）。","单选题","先断后不断","先不断后断","主不断辅断","主断辅不断","B"]
["设备布置图和管路布置图主要反映设备、管路水平布置情况的（ ）图和反映某处立面布置情况的（ ）图。","单选题","平面，立面","立面，平面","平面，剖面","剖面，平面","C"]
["对于管路标注IA0601—25×3，下列说法不正确的是（ ）。","单选题","“IA”表示工艺空气","“06”是工段号","“01”是管段序号","该管道公称直径为20","A"]
["在工艺流程图中，公用工程埋地管线由（ ）表示。","单选题","粗实线","粗虚线","中虚线","细虚线","C"]
["下列关于设备布置图中说法错误的是（ ）。","单选题","设备之间应该保持一定的距离，避免过远和过近","在气候和工艺条件允许的条件下，设备应尽量采用露天或者半露天化布置","泵的安装应在高于地面的基础上，每台泵只能对应一个基础","在生产装置中，工业炉和各种明火应集中布置在一角，并位于主导风向的上风侧。","D"]
["下列视图不属于三视图的是（ ）。","单选题","主视图","俯视图","左视图","右视图","D"]
["表示设备与建筑物、设备与设备之间的相对位置，能直接指导设备安装的图样是（ ）。","单选题","设备布置图","平面布置图","剖面布置图","管路布置图","A"]
["能组织、实施和指挥生产的技术文件是（ ）。","单选题","设备平面布置图","物料流程图","管路布置图","带控制点的工艺流程图","D"]
["钢中含碳量（ ）。","单选题","在0.2％一1.7％之间","大于1.7％","大于2.11","在0.0218％一2.11％之间","D"]
["阀体涂颜色为灰色，表示阀体材料为（ ）。","单选题","合金钢","不锈钢","碳素钢","工具钢","C"]
["公称直径为125mm，工作压力为0.8MPa的工业管道应选用（ ）。","单选题","普通水煤气管道","无缝钢管","不锈钢管","塑料管","B"]
["普通水煤气管，适用于工作压力不超出（ ）MPa的管道。","单选题",0.6,0.8,1,1.6,"A"]
["疏水阀用于蒸汽管道上自动排除（ ）。","单选题","蒸汽","冷凝水","空气","以上均不是","B"]
["锯割时，上锯条时，锯齿应向（ ）。","单选题","前","后","上","下","A"]
["有关杠杆百分表的使用问题，以下哪种说法不正确？（ ）。","单选题","适用于测量凹槽、孔距等","测量头可拨动180度","尽可能使测量杆轴线垂直于工件尺寸线","不能测平面","D"]
["（ ）方式在化工管路的连接中应用极为广泛。","单选题","螺纹连接","焊接","法兰连接","承插连接","C"]
["含硫热油泵的泵轴一般选用（ ）钢。","单选题",45,"40Cr","3Cr13","1Cr18Ni9Ti","C"]
["用于泄压起保护作用的阀门是（ ）。","单选题","截止阀","减压阀","安全阀","止逆阀","C"]
["对于使用强腐蚀性介质的化工设备，应选用耐腐蚀的不锈钢，且尽量使用（ ）不锈钢种。","单选题","含锰","含铬镍","含铅","含钛","B"]
["碳钢和铸铁都是铁和碳的合金，它们的主要区别是含（ ）量不同。","单选题","硫","碳","铁","磷","B"]
["水泥管的连接适宜采用的连接方式为（ ）。","单选题","螺纹连接","法兰连接","承插式连接","焊接连接","C"]
["下列阀门中，（ ）是自动作用阀。","单选题","截止阀","节流阀","闸阀","止回阀","D"]
["管子的公称直径是指（ ）。","单选题","内径","外径","平均直径","设计、制造的标准直径","D"]
["在工艺管架中管路采用U型管的目的是（ ）。","单选题","防止热胀冷缩","操作方便","安装需要","调整方向","A"]
["中压容器设计压力在（ ）。","单选题","0.98≤P<1.2MPa","1.2MPa≤1.5MPa","1.568MPa≤P<9.8MPa","1.568MPa≤P≤98MPa","C"]
["法兰或螺纹连接的阀门应在（ ）状态下安装。","单选题","开启","关闭","半开启","均可","B"]
["阀门发生关闭件泄漏，检查出产生故障的原因为密封面不严，则排除的方法（ ）。","单选题","正确选用阀门","提高加工或修理质量","校正或更新阀杆","安装前试压、试漏，修理密封面","D"]
["阀门阀杆升降不灵活，是由于阀杆弯曲，则排除的方法（ ）。","单选题","更换阀门","更换阀门弹簧","使用短杠杆开闭阀杆","设置阀杆保护套","C"]
["化工设备常用材料的性能可分为：工艺性能和（ ）。","单选题","物理性能","使用性能","化学性能","力学性能","B"]
["化工容器按工作原理和作用的不同可分为：反应容器、换热容器、储存容器和（ ）。","单选题","过滤容器","蒸发容器","分离容器","气体净化分离容器","C"]
["型号为J41W-16P的截止阀“16”表示（ ）。","单选题","公称压力为16MPa","公称压力为16Pa","公称压力为1.6MPa","公称压力为1.6Pa","C"]
["用塞尺测量两个对接法兰的端面间隙是为了检查两个法兰端面的（ ）偏差。","单选题","法兰轴线与端面的垂直度","两个法兰端面的平行度","密封间隙","表面粗糙度","B"]
["波形补偿器应严格按照管道中心线安装，不得偏斜，补偿器两端应设（ ）。","单选题","至少一个导向支架","至少各有一个导向支架","至少一个固定支架","至少各有一个固定支架","B"]
["管道工程中，（ ）的闸阀，可以不单独进行强度和严密性试验。","单选题","公称压力小于1MPa，且公称直径小于或等于600mm","公称压力小于1MPa，且公称直径大于或等于600mm","公称压力大于1MPa，且公称直径小于或等于600mm","公称压力大于1MPa，且公称直径大于或等于600mm","B"]
["浓流酸贮罐的材质应选择（ ）。","单选题","不锈钢","碳钢","塑料材质","铅质材料","B"]
["化工企业中压力容器泄放压力的安全装置有：安全阀与（ ）等。","单选题","疏水阀","止回阀","防爆膜","节流阀","C"]
["20号钢表示钢中含碳量为（ ）。","单选题",{"v":0.0002,"d":"0.02%"},{"v":0.002,"d":"0.20%"},{"v":0.02,"d":"2.00%"},{"v":0.2,"d":"20%"},"B"]
["下列指标中，（ ）不属于机械性能指标。","单选题","硬度","塑性","强度","导电性","D"]
["阀门填料函泄漏的原因不是下列哪项：（ ）。","单选题","填料装的不严密","压盖未压紧","填料老化","堵塞","D"]
["在管道布置中管道用（ ）。","单选题","不论什么管道都用单线绘制","不论什么管道都用双线绘制","公称直径大于或等于400㎜的管道用双线，小于和等于350㎜的管道用单线绘制","不论什么管道都用粗实线绘制","C"]
["化工管件中，管件的作用是：（ ）。","单选题","连接管子","改变管路方向","接出支管和封闭管路","A、B、C全部包括","D"]
["阀门的主要作用是：（ ）。","单选题","启闭作用","调节作用","安全保护作用","前三种作用均具备","D"]
["化工管路的连接方法，常用的有（ ）。","单选题","螺纹连接","法兰连接","焊接","A、B、C均可","D"]
["高温下长期受载的设备，不可轻视（ ）。","单选题","胀性破裂","热膨胀性","蠕变现象","腐浊问题","C"]
["化工设备一般都采用塑性材料制成，其所受的压力一般都应小于材料的（ ），否则会产生明显的塑性变形。","单选题","比例极限","弹性极限","屈服极限","强度极限","C"]
["以下属于化工容器常用低合金钢的是（ ）。","单选题","Q235A.F","16Mn","65Mn","45钢","B"]
["压力容器用钢的基本要求是有较高的强度，良好的塑性、韧性、制造性能和与介质相容性，硫和磷是钢中最有害的元素，我国压力容器对硫和磷含量控制在（ ）以下。","单选题","0.2%和0.3%","0.02%和0.03%","2%和3%","0.002%和0.003%","B"]
["针对压力容器的载荷形式和环境条件选择耐应力腐蚀的材料，高浓度的氯化物介质，一般选用（ ）。","单选题","低碳钢","含镍、铜的低碳高铬铁素体不锈钢","球墨铸铁","铝合金","B"]
["在化工管路中，对于要求强度高、密封性能好、能拆卸的管路，通常采用（ ）。","单选题","法兰连接","承插连接","焊接","螺纹连接","A"]
["工作压力为8MPa的反应器属于（ ）。","单选题","低压容器","中压容器","高压容器","超高压容器","B"]
["下列关于截止阀的特点述叙不正确的是（ ）。","单选题","结构复杂","操作简单","不易于调节流量","启闭缓慢时无水锤","C"]
["法兰连接的优点不正确的是（ ）。","单选题","强度高","密封性好","适用范围广","经济","D"]
["利用一可绕轴旋转的圆盘来控制管路的启闭，转角大小反映阀门的开启程度，这是（ ）。","单选题","闸阀","蝶阀","球阀","旋塞阀","B"]
["（ ）阀一般适用于低温、低压流体且需作迅速全启和全闭的管道。","单选题","旋塞","闸","截止","隔膜","A"]
["如下工具操作有误的是（ ）。","单选题","使用手锤工作时要戴手套，锤柄、锤头上不得有油污","尖头錾、扁錾、盘根錾头部有油应及时清除","锉刀必须装好木柄方可使用","使用钢锯锯削时用力要均匀，被锯的管子或工作件要夹紧","A"]
["蝶阀与管道连接时，多采用（ ）连接形式。","单选题","螺纹","对夹式","法兰","焊接","C"]
["若容器内介质的压力p=1.5MPa，则该容器属于（ ）类容器。","单选题","常压","低压","中压","高压","B"]
["在安装自动调节阀时，通常在并联一截止阀，其作用是（ ）。","单选题","保持加热介质经常通过","没有用，可不设置","检修时临时使用","增加流通量的作用","C"]
["对压力容器用钢的基本要求是：良好的塑性、韧性，良好的焊接性，较高的（ ），和耐腐蚀性。","单选题","强度","抗冲击力","耐压性","承受温差变化能力","A"]
["在列管式换热器中，易结晶的物质走（ ）。","单选题","管程","壳程","均不行","均可","A"]
["过盈配合中孔的最大极限尺寸与轴的最小极限尺寸之代数差叫（ ）。","单选题","最小过盈","最大过盈","最小间隙","最大间歇","A"]
["含碳量在0.25%～0.5%范围内，通过淬火及高温回火可获得良好的综合力学性能的这类钢，叫（ ）。","单选题","渗碳钢","调质钢","弹簧钢","都不对","B"]
["3/4\"=（ ）mm。","单选题",0.75,19.05,16.75,7.5,"B"]
["框式水平仪的精度是以气泡移动一格时，被测表面在1m长度内倾斜（ ）来表示。","单选题","1mm","0.02mm","0.001mm","0.01mm","B"]
["灰铸铁HT200，其数字200表示的是（ ）。","单选题","抗拉强度","抗压强度","硬度","材料型号","A"]
["16Mn是一种平均含碳量为0.16%的较高含碳量的（ ）。","单选题","低合金钢","普通碳素结构钢","优质碳素钢","高合金钢","A"]
["选择液压油时，为减少漏损，在使用温度、压力较低或转速较高时，应采用（ ）的油。","单选题","粘度较低","粘度较高","无所谓","高辛烷值汽油","A"]
["下列配合代号中，表示间隙配合的是（ ）。","单选题","Φ20(H8/C7)","Φ40（H9/Z9）","Φ50(F7/h7)","都不对","A"]
["不锈钢是靠加入（ ）金属来实现耐腐蚀性的。","单选题","铬和钼","铬和镍","镍和锰","铜和锌","B"]
["齿轮泵和叶轮泵比较，齿轮泵的使用压力比叶轮泵的使用压力（ ）。","单选题","高","低","相等","不好比","A"]
["只有（ ）公差才有基准要素。","单选题","形状","尺寸","位置","都不对","C"]
["对于低碳钢，可通过（ ）降低塑性，以提高其可切削性。","单选题","退火或回火","正火或调质","淬火","煅打","B"]
["安全阀应（ ）安装。","单选题","倾斜","铅直","视现场安装方便而定","水平","B"]
["管道连接采用活接头时，应注意使水流方向（ ）。","单选题","从活接头公口到母口","从活接头母口到公口","A、B均可","视现场安装方便而定","A"]
["法兰装配时，法兰面必须垂直于管子中心线。允许偏斜度，当公称直径小于300mm时为（ ）mm，当公称直径大于300mm时为（ ）mm。","单选题","1，2","2，3","3，4","4，5","A"]
["压力容器的气密性试验应在（ ）进行。","单选题","内外部检验及焊缝无损探伤合格后","耐压试验合格后","耐压试验进行前","无特殊要求","A"]
["130t/h锅炉至少应装设（ ）个安全阀。","单选题",0,1,2,3,"C"]
["锅筒和过热器上的安全阀的总排放量必须（ ）锅炉的额定蒸发量。","单选题","大于","等于","小于","没有要求","A"]
["依据《压力容器安全技术监察规程》，有关压力容器液压试验的说法（ ）是不正确的。","单选题","奥氏体不锈钢压力容器水压试验时，应严格控制水中氯离子含量不超过25mg/L","当采用可燃性液体进行液压试验时，试验温度必须高于可燃性气体的闪点，试验场地附近不得有火源，且应配备适用的消防器材","凡在试验时，不会导致发生危险的液体，在低于其沸点之下，都可用作液压试验介质","以上均不对","B"]
["下述有关压力容器液压试验准备工作中，（ ）不符合《压力容器安全技术监察规程》的要求。","单选题","压力容器中应充满液体，滞留在压力容器内的气体必须排净","压力容器外表必须保持干燥","不必等到液体温度与容器壁温接近时才可升压","以上均不对","C"]
["下列关于滚动轴承组成正确的是（ ）。","单选题","外圈","滚动体","内圈","以上都正确","D"]
["在中低压化工设备和管道中，常用法兰的密封面结构有平面、凹凸面和榫槽面三种形式，其适用压力由高到低的排列顺序为（ ）。","单选题","平面、凹凸面、榫槽面","凹凸面、平面、榫槽面","榫槽面、凹凸面、平面","平面、榫槽面、凹凸面","C"]
["防止换热器管子振动的措施，可采用（ ）。","单选题","增大折流板上的孔径与管子外径间隙","增大折流板间隔","减小管壁厚度和折流板厚度","在流体入口处前设置缓冲措施防止脉冲","D"]
["容器和管道试压的目的是为了检查（ ）。","单选题","外形和强度","强度和密封性","容积和渗漏","刚度和伸缩性","B"]
["测量设备内介质的压力时，取压管与管道或设备连接处的内壁应（ ）。","单选题","齐平","插入其内","插入其内并弯向介质来流处","插入其内并弯向介质流动方向","A"]
["离心式压缩机大修的检修周期为（ ）。","单选题","6个月","12个月","18个月","24个月","D"]
["（ ）只承受轴向力，不能承受径向力。","单选题","角接触轴承","深沟球轴承","圆锥滚子轴承","推力轴承","D"]
["对于安全泄压排放量大的中低压容器最好采用（ ）。","单选题","全启式安全阀","微启式安全阀","爆破片","不能确定","A"]
["最典型的18－8型镍铬不锈钢是（ ）。","单选题","铁素体不锈钢","马氏体不锈钢","奥氏体不锈钢","以上均不是","C"]
["0Cr18Ni9不锈钢耐腐蚀主要是其中（ ）元素的作用。","单选题","C","Cr","Ni","×e","B"]
["下列哪种材质的设备适用于次氯酸钠的储存（ ）。","单选题","碳钢","不锈钢","玻璃钢","铸铁","C"]
["化工生产中，不能作为容器设备防腐蚀衬里材料的是（ ）。","单选题","衬胶","衬瓷板","衬玻璃钢","碳钢板","D"]
["化工容器应优先选用的材料是（ ）。","单选题","碳钢","低合金钢","不锈钢","钛钢","B"]
["一般容器的试压，（ ）。","单选题","应首选液压试验","应首选气压试验","只有在不宜气压试验的容器才进行液压试验","液压、气压试验随便选择","A"]
["下列符号中代表指示、控制的是（ ）。","单选题","TIC","TdRC","PdC","AC","A"]
["DCS操作流程图中，PID模块PV代表（ ）。","单选题","由调节器送至最终控制文件的信号","测量值的期望值","过程实测信号","测量的给定值","C"]
["DCS系统操作中，当操作元将PID模块置于自动模式时，操作员可以直接调节的（ ）。","单选题","给定值SP","测量值PV","输出值","以上都不是","A"]
["在本质安全控制回路中，DCS系统与现场本安仪表时通过（ ）进行隔离。","单选题","安全栅","继电器","报警器","配电器","A"]
["压力表的刻度上红线标准指示的是（ ）。","单选题","最低工作压力","工作压力","安全阀的整定压力","最高允许工作压力","D"]
["我国工业交流电的频率为（ ）。","单选题","50HZ","100HZ","314rad/s","3.14rad/s","A"]
["当三相负载的额定电压等于电源的相电压时，三相负载应做（ ）联接。","单选题","Y","X","Δ","S","A"]
["一般情况下，压力和流量对象选（ ）控制规律。","单选题","D","PI","PD","PID","B"]
["电路通电后，却没有电流，此时电路处于（ ）状态。","单选题","导通","短路","断路","电阻等于零","C"]
["三相交流电中，A相、B相、C相与N（中性线）之间的电压都为220V，那么A相与B相之间的电压应为（ ）。","单选题","0V","440V","220V","380V","D"]
["运行中的电机失火时，应采用（ ）灭火。","单选题","泡沫","干粉","水","喷雾水枪","B"]
["在自动控制系统中，现场仪表与控制室仪表之间的信息传递都采用统一的信号，它的范围是（ ）。","单选题","0-10mA","4-20mA","0-10V","0-5V","B"]
["某控制系统中，为使控制作用具有预见性，需要引入（ ）调节规律。","单选题","PD","PI","P","I","A"]
["热电偶是测量（ ）参数的元件。","单选题","液位","流量","压力","温度","D"]
["两个电阻，当它们并联时的功率比为16：9，若将它们串联，则两电阻上的功率比将是（ ）。","单选题","04:03:00","09:16:00","03:04:00","16:09:00","B"]
["一个电热器接在１０Ｖ的直流电源上，产生一定的热功率。把它改接到交流电源上，使产生的热功率与直流电时相同，则交流电源电压的最大值是（ ）。","单选题","7.07V","5V","14V","10V","C"]
["根据“化工自控设计技术规定”，在测量稳定压力时，最大工作压力不应超过测量上限值的（ ）；测量脉动压力时，最大工作压力不应超过测量上限值的（ ）。","单选题","1/3、1/2","2/3、1/2","1/3、2/3","2/3、1/3","B"]
["自动控制系统中，用（ ）控制规律可以达到无余差。","单选题","比例","双位","积分","微分","C"]
["电子电位差计是（ ）显示仪表。","单选题","模拟式","数字式","图形","无法确定","A"]
["防止静电的主要措施是（ ）。","单选题","接地","通风","防燥","防潮","A"]
["我国低压供电电压单相为２２０伏，三相线电压为３８０伏，此数值指交流电压的（ ）。","单选题","平均值","最大值","有效值","瞬时值","C"]
["自动控制系统中完成比较、判断和运算功能的仪器是（ ）。","单选题","变送器","执行装置","检测元件","控制器","D"]
["基尔霍夫第一定律指出，电路中任何一个节点的电流（ ）。","单选题","矢量和相等","代数和等于零","矢量和大于零","代数和大于零","B"]
["正弦交流电的三要素是（ ）。","单选题","电压、电流、频率","周期、频率、角频率","最大值、初相角、角频率","瞬时值、最大值、有效值","C"]
["热电偶通常用来测量（ ）500°C的温度。","单选题","高于等于","小于等于","等于","不等于","A"]
["在选择控制阀的气开和气关型式时，应首先从（ ）考虑。","单选题","产品质量","产品产量","安全","节约","C"]
["在研究控制系统过渡过程的品质指标时，一般都以在阶跃干扰(包括设定值的变化)作用下的（ ）过程为依据。","单选题","发散振荡","等幅振荡","非周期衰减","衰减振荡","D"]
["用万用表检查电容器好坏时，（ ），则该电容器是好的。","单选题","指示满度","指示零位","指示从大到小变化","指示从小到大变化","C"]
["提高功率因数的方法是（ ）。","单选题","并联电阻","并联电感","并联电容","串联电容","C"]
["某异步电动机的磁极数为4，该异步电动机的同步转速为（ ）r/min。","单选题",3000,1500,1000,750,"B"]
["测量氨气的压力表，其弹簧管应用（ ）材料。","单选题","不锈钢","钢","铜","铁","A"]
["某自动控制系统采用比例积分作用调节器，某人用先比例后加积分的试凑法来整定调节器的参数。若在纯比例作用下，比例度的数值已基本合适，在加入积分作用的过程中，则（ ）。","单选题","应大大减小比例度","应适当减小比例度","应适当增加比例度","无需改变比例度","C"]
["将电气设备金属外壳与电源中性线相连接的保护方式称为（ ）。","单选题","保护接零","保护接地","工作接零","工作接地","A"]
["检测、控制系统中字母FRC是指（ ）。","单选题","物位显示控制器","物位纪录控制器","流量显示控制器","流量记录控制器","D"]
["热继电器在电路中的作用是（ ）。","单选题","短路保护","过载保护","欠压保护","失压保护","B"]
["在三相负载不对称交流电路中，引入中线可以使（ ）。","单选题","三相负载对称","三相电流对称","三相电压对称","三相功率对称","B"]
["Ⅲ型仪表标准气压信号的范围是（ ）。","单选题","10~100kPa","20~100kPa","30~100kPa","40~100kPa","B"]
["控制系统中PI调节是指（ ）。","单选题","比例积分调节","比例微分调节","积分微分调节","比例调节","A"]
["三相异步电动机的“异步”是指：（ ）。","单选题","转子转速与三相电流频率不同","三相电流周期各不同","旋转磁场转速始终小于转子转速","转子转速始终小于磁场转速","D"]
["以下哪种方法不能消除人体静电：（ ）。","单选题","洗手","双手相握，使静电中和","触摸暖气片","用手碰触铁门","B"]
["以下哪种器件不是节流件：（ ）。","单选题","孔板","文丘里管","实心圆板","喷嘴","C"]
["变压器的损耗主要有（ ）。","单选题","铁损耗","铜损耗","铁损耗和铜损耗","无损耗","C"]
["三相对称交流电动势相位依次滞后（ ）。","单选题","30°","60°","90°","120°","D"]
["保护接零是指在电源中性点已接地的三相四线制供电系统中，将电气设备的金属外壳与（ ）相连。","单选题","接地体","电源零线","电源火线","绝缘体","B"]
["压力表安装时，测压点应选择在被测介质（ ）的管段部分。","单选题","直线流动","管路拐弯","管路分叉","管路的死角","A"]
["热电偶温度计是用（ ）导体材料制成的，插入介质中，感受介质温度。","单选题","同一种","两种不同","三种不同","不同四种","B"]
["要使三相异步电动机反转，只需改变（ ）。","单选题","电源电压","电源相序","电源电流","负载大小","B"]
["为了使异步电动机能采用Y－△降压起动，前提条件是电动机额定运行时为（ ）。","单选题","Y联结","△联结","Y/△联结","延边三角形联结","B"]
["在国际单位制中，压力的法定计量位是（ ）。","单选题","MPa","Pa","mmH2O","mmHg","B"]
["三相负载不对称时应采用的供电方式为（ ）。","单选题","△角形连接并加装中线","Y形连接","Y形连接并加装中线","Y形连接并在中线上加装熔断器","C"]
["电力变压器的基本结构是由（ ）所组成。","单选题","铁芯和油箱","绕组和油箱","定子和油箱","铁芯和绕组","D"]
["当高压电线接触地面，人体在事故点附近发生的触电称为（ ）。","单选题","单相触电","两相触电","跨步触电","接地触电","C"]
["某仪表精度为0.5级，使用一段时间后其最大相对误差为±0.8﹪，则此表精度为（ ）级。","单选题","±0.8﹪",0.8,1,0.5,"C"]
["控制系统中控制器正、反作用的确定依据（ ）。","单选题","实现闭环回路正反馈","系统放大倍数合适","生产的安全性","实现闭环回路负反馈","D"]
["在控制系统中，不属于调节器的主要功能是（ ）。","单选题","完成偏差的计算","完成控制规律的计算","完成控制结果的输出","完成检测","D"]
["在利用热电阻传感器检测温度时，热电阻与仪表之间采用（ ）连接。","单选题","二线制","三线制","四线制","五线制","B"]
["在电力系统中,具有防触电功能的是（ ）。","单选题","中线","地线","相线","连接导线","B"]
["仪表输出的变化与引起变化的被测量变化值之比称为仪表的（ ）。","单选题","相对误差","灵敏限","灵敏度","准确度","C"]
["自动控制系统的控制作用不断克服（ ）的过程。","单选题","干扰影响","设定值变化","测量值影响","中间量变化","A"]
["日光灯电路中，启辉器的作用是（ ）。","单选题","限流作用","电路的接通与自动断开","产生高压","提高发光效率","B"]
["对称三相四线制供电电路，若端线（相线）上的一根保险丝熔断，则保险丝两端的电压为（ ）。","单选题","线电压","相电压","相电压+线电压","线电压的一半","B"]
["人体的触电方式中，以（ ）最为危险。","单选题","单相触电","两相触电","跨步电压触电","电击最大","B"]
["某正弦交流电电流i=10Sin（314t－30°）A，其电流的最大值为（ ）A。","单选题",7,10,14,20,"B"]
["变压器不能进行以下（ ）变换。","单选题","电流变换","电压变换","频率变换","阻抗变换","C"]
["在工业生产中，可以通过以下（ ）方法达到节约用电的目的。","单选题","选择低功率的动力设备","选择大功率的动力设备","提高电路功率因素","选择大容量的电源变压器","C"]
["热电偶测温时，使用补偿导线是为了（ ）。","单选题","延长热电偶","使参比端温度为0℃","作为连接导线","延长热电偶且保持参比端温度为0℃","A"]
["工业仪表中，IP65中字母IP来表示仪表的（ ）功能。","单选题","防爆","防尘","联锁","防护","D"]
["气动执行器有气开式和气关式两种，选择的依据是（ ）。","单选题","负反馈","安全","方便","介质性质","B"]
["化工自动化仪表按其功能不同，可分为四个大类，即、显示仪表、调节仪表和（ ) 执行器。","单选题","现场仪表","异地仪表","检测仪表","基地式仪表","C"]
["在中性点不接地的三相电源系统中，为防止触电，将电器设备的金属外壳与大地可靠连接称为（ ）。","单选题","工作接地","工作接零","保护接地","保护接零","C"]
["压力表的使用范围一般在量程的1/3-2/3处，如果低于1/3，则（ ）。","单选题","因压力过低，仪表没有指示","精度等级下降","相对误差增加","压力表接头处焊口有漏","C"]
["积分调节的作用是（ ）。","单选题","消除余差","及时有力","超前","以上三个均对","A"]
["转子流量计指示稳定时，其转子上下的压差是由（ ）决定的。","单选题","流体的流速","流体的压力","转子的重量","流道截面积","A"]
["车床照明灯使用的电压为（ ）。","单选题","12V","24V","220V","36V","D"]
["热电偶温度计是基于（ ）的原理来测温的。","单选题","热阻效应","热电效应","热磁效应","热压效应","B"]
["测高温介质或水蒸气的压力时要安装（ ）。","单选题","冷凝器","隔离罐","集气器","沉降器","A"]
["下列设备中，其中（ ）必是电源。","单选题","发电机","蓄电池","电视机","电炉","A"]
["当被控变量为温度时，控制器应选择（ ）控制规律。","单选题","P","PI","PD","PID","D"]
["DDZ--Ⅲ型电动单元组合仪表的标准统一信号和电源为（ ）。","单选题","0-10mA,220VAC","4-20mA,24VDC","4-20mA,220VAC","0-10mA,24VDC","B"]
["下列说法正确的是（ ）。","单选题","电位随着参考点（零电位点）的选取不同数值而变化","电位差随着参考点（零电位点）的选取不同数值而变化","电路上两点的电位很高，则其间电压也很高","电路上两点的电位很低，则其间电压也很小","A"]
["欧姆表一般用于测量（ ）。","单选题","电压","电流","功率","电阻","D"]
["一般三相异步电动机在额定工作状态下的转差率约为（ ）。","单选题","30%~50%","2%~5%","15%~30%",{"v":1,"d":"100%"},"B"]
["当PID模块处于（ ）模式时，盘面操作员可以直接控制输出。","单选题","手动","自动","串级","计算机","A"]
["在DCS流程画面中，FIC101中C代表（ ）。","单选题","显示","控制","联锁","记录","B"]
["某装置一马达PM101的运行状态信号要在DCS画面中显示，该状态信号进入DCS系统为（ ）信号。","单选题","AI","AO","DI","DO","C"]
["ESD系统相对DCS系统主要用于（ ）。","单选题","联锁模拟量的控制","顺序控制","安全联锁逻辑控制","批量控制","C"]
["在DCS流程画面中，查PI101十天前的PV值，盘面应操作（ ）按钮可以完成。","单选题","报表","历史趋势","实时趋势","报警","B"]
["集散控制系统是以（ ）为基础的集中分散控制系统（ ）。","单选题","I/O管件","系统软件","微处理器","以太网","C"]
["DCS系统对某一马达的变频器进行调节，DCS系统提供给变频器的信号为（ ）。","单选题","DI","AO","AI","DO","B"]
["由一个调节器的输出信号分别控制两个调节器，这种调节称（ ）。","单选题","串级调节","比例调节","分程调节","复杂调节","C"]
["交流电压表所指示的220V读数是正弦量的（ ）。","单选题","瞬时值","平均值","最大值","有效值","D"]
["由手动遥控切换到自动控制必须是（ ）。","单选题","快速的","无扰动的","单方向的","缓慢的","B"]
["三相交流电的特点是三相频率相同、最大值相同，相位之差为（ ）。","单选题","120°","240°","130°","250°","A"]
["直流电动机的调速不正确的是（ ）。","单选题","电枢串联电阻","弱磁调速","降低电源电流","降低电源电压","C"]
["实验室安全守则中规定，严格任何（ ）入口或接触伤口，不能用（ ）代替餐具。","单选题","食品，烧杯","药品，玻璃仪器","药品，烧杯","食品，玻璃仪器","B"]
["使用浓盐酸、浓硝酸，必须在（ ）中进行。","单选题","大容器","玻璃器皿","耐腐蚀容器","通风厨","D"]
["用过的极易挥发的有机溶剂，应(  )。","单选题","倒入密封的下水道","用水稀释后保存","倒入回收瓶中","放在通风厨保存","C"]
["由化学物品引起的火灾，能用水灭火的物质是(  )。","单选题","金属钠","五氧化二磷","过氧化物","三氧化二铝","D"]
["化学烧伤中，酸的蚀伤，应用大量的水冲洗，然后用（ ）冲洗，再用水冲洗。","单选题","0.3mol/LHAc溶液","2％NaHCO3溶液","0.3mol/LHCl溶液","2％NaOH溶液","B"]
["贮存易燃易爆，强氧化性物质时，最高温度不能高于：(  )。","单选题","20℃","10℃","30℃","0℃","C"]
["下列药品需要用专柜由专人负责贮存的是：(  )。","单选题","KOH","KCN","KMnO4","浓H2SO4","B"]
["属于常用的灭火方法是(  )。","单选题","隔离法","冷却法","窒息法","以上都是","D"]
["若电器仪器着火不宜选用（ ）灭火。","单选题","1211灭火器","泡沫灭火器","二氧化碳灭器","干粉灭火器","B"]
["有关电器设备防护知识不正确的是(  )。","单选题","电线上洒有腐蚀性药品，应及时处理","电器设备电线不宜通过潮湿的地方","能升华的物质都可以放入烘箱内烘干","电器仪器应按说明书规定进行操作","C"]
["检查可燃气体管道或装置气路是否漏气，禁止使用(  )。","单选题","火焰","肥皂水","十二烷基硫酸钠水溶液","部分管道浸入水中的方法","A"]
["各种气瓶的存放，必须保证安全距离，气瓶距离明火在（ ）米以上，避免阳光暴晒。","单选题",2,10,20,30,"B"]
["作为化工原料的电石或乙炔着火时，严禁用（ ）扑救灭火。","单选题","CO2灭火器","四氯化碳灭火器","干粉灭火器","干砂","B"]
["下面有关废渣的处理错误的是(  )。","单选题","毒性小稳定，难溶的废渣可深埋地下","汞盐沉淀残渣可用焙烧法回收汞","有机物废渣可倒掉","AgCl废渣可送国家回收银部门","C"]
["某些腐蚀性化学毒物兼有强氧化性，如硝酸、硫酸、（ ）等遇到有机物将发生氧化作用而放热，甚至起火燃烧。","单选题","次氯酸","氯酸","高氯酸","氢氟酸","A"]
["切断与动火设备相连的所有管线，最适用（ ）的办法。","单选题","关死阀门","加盲板","拆除","以上都可以","B"]
["不能用水灭火的是（ ）。","单选题","棉花","木材","汽油","纸","C"]
["属于物理爆炸的是（ ）。","单选题","爆胎","氯酸钾","硝基化合物","面粉","A"]
["去除助燃物的方法是（ ）。","单选题","隔离法","冷却法","窒息法","稀释法","C"]
["下列物质中不是化工污染物质的是（ ）。","单选题","酸、碱类污染物","二氧化硫","沙尘","硫铁矿渣","C"]
["气态污染物的治理方法有（ ）。","单选题","沉淀","吸收法","浮选法","分选法","B"]
["不适合废水的治理方法是（ ）。","单选题","过滤法","生物处理法","固化法","萃取法","C"]
["不能有效地控制噪声危害的是（ ）。","单选题","隔振技术","吸声技术","带耳塞","加固设备","D"]
["只顾生产，而不管安全的做法是（ ）行为。","单选题","错误","违纪","犯罪","故意","C"]
["我国企业卫生标准中规定硫化氢的最高允许浓度是（ ）mg/m3空气。","单选题",10,20,30,40,"A"]
["（ ）有知觉且呼吸和心脏跳动还正常，瞳孔不放大，对光反应存在，血压无明显变化。","单选题","轻型触电者","中型触电者","重型触电者","假死现象","B"]
["下列气体中（ ）是惰性气体，可用来控制和消除燃烧爆炸条件的形成。","单选题","空气","一氧化碳","氧气","水蒸汽","D"]
["当设备内因误操作或装置故障而引起（ ）时，安全阀才会自动跳开。","单选题","大气压","常压","超压","负压","C"]
["燃烧具有三要素，下列哪项不是发生燃烧的必要条件是（ ）。","单选题","可燃物质","助燃物质","点火源","明火","D"]
["下列哪项是防火的安全装置：（ ）。","单选题","阻火装置","安全阀","防爆泄压装置","安全液封","A"]
["工业毒物进入人体的途径有三种，其中最主要的是：（ ）。","单选题","皮肤","呼吸道","消化道","肺","B"]
["工业上噪声的个人防护采用的措施为：（ ）。","单选题","佩戴个人防护用品","隔声装置","消声装置","吸声装置","A"]
["在安全疏散中,厂房内主通道宽度不应少于（ ）。","单选题","0.5m","0.8m","1．0m","1.2m","D"]
["在遇到高压电线断落地面时，导线断落点（ ）米内，禁让人员进入","单选题",10,20,30,40,"B"]
["国家颁布的《安全色》标准中，表示指令、必须遵守的规程的颜色为：（ ）。","单选题","红色","蓝色","黄色","绿色","B"]
["保护听力而言，一般认为每天8小时长期工作在（ ）分贝以下，听力不会损失。","单选题",110,100,80,90,"C"]
["下列说法正确的是(  )。","单选题","滤浆粘性越大过滤速度越快","滤浆粘性越小过滤速度越快","滤浆中悬浮颗粒越大过滤速度越快","滤浆中悬浮颗粒越小，过滤速度越快","B"]
["关于爆炸，下列不正确的说法是（ ）。","单选题","爆炸的特点是具有破坏力，产生爆炸声和冲击波","爆炸是一种极为迅速的物理和化学变化","爆炸可分为物理爆炸和化学爆炸","爆炸在瞬间放出大量的能量，同时产生巨大声响","B"]
["下列不属于化工生产防火防爆措施的是（ ）。","单选题","点火源的控制","工艺参数的安全控制","限制火灾蔓延","使用灭火器","D"]
["触电急救时首先要尽快地（ ）。","单选题","通知医生治疗","通知供电部门停电","使触电者脱离电源","通知生产调度","C"]
["噪声治理的三个优先级顺序是（ ）。","单选题","降低声源本身的噪音、控制传播途径、个人防护","控制传播途径、降低声源本身的噪音、个人防护","个人防护、降低声源本身的噪音、控制传播途径","以上选项均不正确","A"]
["下列不属于化工污染物的是（ ）。","单选题","放空酸性气体","污水","废催化剂","副产品","D"]
["可燃气体的燃烧性能常以（ ）来衡量。","单选题","火焰传播速度","燃烧值","耗氧量","可燃物的消耗量","A"]
["泡沫灭火器是常用的灭火器，它适用于（ ）。","单选题","适用于扑灭木材、棉麻等固体物质类火灾","适用于扑灭石油等液体类火灾","适用于扑灭木材、棉麻等固体物质类和石油等液体类火灾","适用于扑灭所有物质类火灾","C"]
["目前应用最广泛且技术最成熟的烟气脱硫的工艺是（ ）。","单选题","氨—酸法","石灰—石膏湿法","钠碱吸收","活性炭吸附法","B"]
["芳香族苯环上的三种异构体的毒性大小次序为（ ）。","单选题","对位>间位>邻位","间位>对位>邻位","邻位>对位>间位","邻位>间位>对位","A"]
["对人体危害最大的电流频率为（ ）。","单选题","20－30Hz","50－60Hz","80－90Hz","100－120Hz","B"]
["在化工生产进行动火作业时，一般不早于动火前（ ）分钟","单选题",30,60,120,150,"A"]
["下列符号表示生物需氧量的是（ ）。","单选题","BOD","COD","PUC","DAB","A"]
["在下列物质中（ ）不属于大气污染物。","单选题","二氧化硫","铅","氮氧化物","镉","D"]
["控制噪声最根本的办法是（ ）。","单选题","吸声法","隔声法","控制噪声声源","消声法","C"]
["生产现场工艺合格率一般达到（ ），即视为现场工艺处于受控状态。","单选题",{"v":0.9,"d":"90%"},{"v":1,"d":"100%"},{"v":0.95,"d":"95%"},{"v":0.98,"d":"98%"},"C"]
["在环保控制指标中，COD的全称为（ ）。","单选题","总需氧量","物理需氧量","溶解氧","化学需氧量","D"]
["含有泥砂的水静置一段时间后，泥砂沉积到容器底部，这个过程称为（ ）。","单选题","泥砂凝聚过程","重力沉降过程","泥砂析出过程","泥砂结块过程","B"]
["在罐内作业的设备，经过清洗和置换后，其氧含量可达（ ）。","单选题","18%～20%","15%～18%","10%～15%","20%～25%","A"]
["防止人体接触带电金属外壳引起触电事故的基本有效措施是（ ）。","单选题","采用安全电压","保护接地，保护接零","穿戴好防护用品","采用安全电流","B"]
["安全阀检验调整时，调整压力一般为操作压力的（ ）倍(  )","单选题","1.0～1.1","1.05～1.1","1.05～1.2","1.1～1.2","B"]
["过滤式防毒面具的适用环境为：（ ）。","单选题","氧气浓度≥18%、有毒气体浓度≥1%","氧气浓度≥18%、有毒气体浓度≤1%","氧气浓度≤18%、有毒气体浓度≥1%","氧气浓度≤18%、有毒气体浓度≤1%","B"]
["国家对严重污染水环境的落后工艺和设备实行（ ）。","单选题","限期淘汰制度","控制使用制度","加倍罚款","改造后使用","A"]
["西方国家为加强环境管理而采用的一种卓有成效的行政管理制度是（ ）。","单选题","许可证制度","“三同时”制度","环境影响评价制度","征收排污许可证制度","A"]
["三级安全教育制度是企业安全教育的基本教育制度。三级教育是指：（ ）。","单选题","入厂教育、车间教育和岗位(班组)教育","低级、中级、高级教育","预备级、普及级、提高级教育","都不是","A"]
["可燃气体的爆炸下限数值越低，爆炸极限范围越大，则爆炸危险性（ ）。","单选题","越小","越大","不变","不确定","B"]
["发生火焰烧伤时，对中小面积的创面可用清洁的冷水冲洗（ ）分钟以上，然后简单包扎，去医院进一步处理。","单选题",10,20,30,60,"C"]
["扑灭D类火灾应选用（ ）灭火器。","单选题","泡沫灭火器","水型灭火器","化学泡沫灭火器","专业干粉灭火器","D"]
["汽油的爆炸极限为（ ）。","单选题","1~6%","4.3~19.0%","12.5~74.2%","10~20%","A"]
["二氧化碳灭火机不能扑救的火灾是（ ）。","单选题","精密仪器","电气一设备","金属氧化物","图书档案","C"]
["空气中的氧气浓度低于（ ）时，木材燃烧则停止。","单选题","2﹪～6﹪","6﹪～12﹪","14﹪～16﹪","20﹪～24﹪","C"]
["化工厂的防爆车间采取通风良好的防爆措施，其目的是（ ）。","单选题","消除氧化剂","控制可燃物","降低车间温度","冷却加热设备","B"]
["化工厂的燃气系统着火时，应立即关闭截门，其目的是（ ）。","单选题","消除可燃物","消除氧化剂","消除着火源","降低系统压力","B"]
["遇水燃烧物质的火灾不得采用（ ）进行扑救。","单选题","干粉灭火剂","干沙","泡沫灭火剂","二氧化碳灭火剂","C"]
["水的灭火原理中不包括（ ）。","单选题","窒息灭火法","隔离灭火法","冷却灭火法","化学抑制灭火法","D"]
["工作场所内发生火灾，应依照下列哪些方法安全逃离现场？（ ）。","单选题","乘电梯离开","按防火通道标志离开","各显其能，凭自己本领逃离","跳楼逃生","B"]
["安全色标准中，表示警告、注意的颜色为（ ）。","单选题","黄色","蓝色","绿色","红色","A"]
["火灾使人致命的最主要原因是（ ）。","单选题","被人践踏","窒息","烧伤","不确定","B"]
["在空气不流通的狭小地方使用二氧化碳灭火器可能造成的危险（ ）。","单选题","中毒","缺氧","爆炸","以上都不正确","B"]
["下列不属于阻火装置的是（ ）。","单选题","单向阀","安全液封","放空管","阻火闸门","C"]
["依据《建筑设计防火规范》，我国将生产的火灾危险性分为（ ）。","单选题","四类","五类","七类","三类","B"]
["使用灭火器扑救火灾时要对准火焰（ ）喷射。","单选题","上部","中部","根部","全部","C"]
["以下灭火剂中，（ ）破坏大气的臭氧层，要逐步淘汰。","单选题","二氧化碳","1211灭火剂","七氟丙烷灭火剂","干粉灭火剂","B"]
["消防工作的原则是?（ ）。","单选题","专门机关与群众相结合","制定消防安全制度","实行防火安全责任制","组织防火检查","A"]
["火灾分类中的“A”是指（ ）。","单选题","液体火灾","固体火灾","金属火灾","气体火灾","B"]
["家里使用的下列物品属于易燃易爆范围的是（ ）。","单选题","白猫洗涤剂","各种食用油","空气清新剂","金鱼洗涤","C"]
["未熄灭的烟头最高温度可达（ ）。","单选题","100多度","600多度","850度","950度","C"]
["日光灯引发火灾的主要部件是（ ）。","单选题","灯管","镇流器","灯座","灯线","B"]
["氧气仓库周围（ ）米内不准堆放易燃易爆物品和动用明火。","单选题",200,20,5,10,"B"]
["运输易燃易爆化学物品的船舶上的烟囱应带（ ）灭火器。","单选题","干粉","火星","二氧化碳","四氯化碳","B"]
["为保证消防安全，在灌装易燃液体时，容器应留有（ ）％的空间。","单选题",1,5,10,15,"B"]
["乙炔瓶贮存间不能配置下列（ ）灭火器。","单选题","干粉","二氧化碳","四氯化碳","泡沫","C"]
["扑救炼油厂火灾时，对易燃物质的冷凝设备与管道一般不宜（ ）。","单选题","用水扑救，可用卤代烷、氮气、二氧化碳、干粉灭火剂灭火","用蒸汽扑救，可用泡沫、水灭火","用卤代烷扑救，可用沙土、水泥灭火","用氮气扑救，可用二氧化碳、沙土灭火","A"]
["强风条件下的火场，当强风遇到障碍时，会产生“（ ）”，使周围的可燃物瞬间着火。","单选题","涡流","对流","气流","环流","A"]
["一级石油库的油罐区和装卸区消防道路的路面宽度不应小于（ ）。","单选题","3.5m","4.0m","6.0m","7.0m","C"]
["在国家、行业标准的代号与编号GB/T18883－2002中GB/T是指(  )。","单选题","强制性国家标准","推荐性国家标准","推荐性化工部标准","强制性化工部标准","B"]
["国家标准规定的实验室用水分为（ ）级。","单选题",4,5,3,2,"C"]
["我国的标准分为（ ）级。","单选题",4,5,3,2,"A"]
["国家标准规定：制备的标准滴定溶液与规定浓度相对误差不得大于(  )。","单选题",{"v":0.005,"d":"0.50%"},{"v":0.01,"d":"1%"},{"v":0.05,"d":"5%"},{"v":0.1,"d":"10%"},"C"]
["《中华人民共和国计量法》于（ ）起施行。","单选题","1985-09-06","1986-09-06","1985-07-01","1986-07-01","D"]
["我国法定计量单位是由（ ）两部分计量单位组成的。","单选题","国际单位制和国家选定的其他计量单位；","国际单位制和习惯使用的其他计量单位；","国际单位制和国家单位制；","国际单位制和国际上使用的其他计量单位；","A"]
["《产品质量法》在（ ）适用。","单选题","香港特别行政区","澳门特别行政区","全中国范围内，包括港、澳、台","中国大陆","D"]
["从下列标准中选出必须制定为强制性标准的是(  )。","单选题","国家标准","分析方法标准","食品卫生标准","产品标准","C"]
["表示化学工业部标准符号的是（ ）。","单选题","GB","JB","HG","HB","C"]
["我国《消防法》在（ ）开始实行，全国消防宣传日是（ ）。","单选题","1999年9月1日、11月9日","1999年9月1日、9月9日","1998年9月1日、11月9日","2000年9月1日、11月9日","C"]
["依据《劳动法》规定，劳动者在（ ）情况下，用人单位可以解除劳动合同，但应提前三十天以书面形式通知劳动者本人。","单选题","在试用期间被证明不符合录用条件的","患病或者负伤，在规定的医疗期内的","严重违反用人单位规章制度的","不能胜任工作，经过培训或调整工作岗位仍不能胜任工作的","D"]
["根据《消防法》的规定，在设有车间或仓库的建筑物内，不得设置（ ）。","单选题","食堂","活动室","休息室","员工集体宿舍","D"]
["从（ ）角度分类，可以将劳动关系分为利益冲突型劳动关系、利益一体型劳动关系、利益协调型劳动关系。","单选题","工人运动","职业","资本的组织形式","集体谈判","A"]
["与劳动法相邻近的法律部门最密切的是（ ）。","单选题","民法","经济法","行政法","社会保障法","D"]
["生产安全事故的（ ）是保证生产安全事故应急救援工作顺利实施的组织保障。","单选题","应急救援体系","应急救援信息系统","应急救援组织","应急救援制度","A"]
["《安全生产法》第十条规定“生产经营单位必须执行依法制定的保障安全生产的国家标准或者行业标准。”此款中的国家标准和行业标准属于(  )标准。","单选题","一般","强制性","通用","推荐性","B"]
["承担安全评价、认证、检测、检验工作的机构，出具虚假证明，构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究刑事责任；尚不够刑事处罚的，没收违法所得，违法所得在5千元以上的，并处违法所得（ ）的罚款。","单选题","2倍以下","2倍以上5倍以下","3倍以下","3倍以上5倍以下","B"]
["生产、贮存、使用剧毒化学品的单位，应当对本单位的生产、储存装置每（ ）年进行一次安全评价。","单选题","一","二","三","四","A"]
["危险化学品零售业务的店面应与繁华商业区或居民人口稠密区保持（ ）m以上距离。","单选题",200,300,500,1000,"C"]
["化学品安全技术说明书规定有16大项内容，每大项中又有若干小项，每个小项后面分别标明[A]或[B]或[C]，其中标明[B]的含义是（ ）。","单选题","必填项","可填可不填","若无数据，此项可略","若无数据，应写明无数据原因","D"]
["装卸甲、乙类物品时，操作人员不得穿（ ）。","单选题","易产生静电的工作服","白帆布材料的工作服","防静电工作服","以上都不对","A"]
["经公司经理办公会研究，公司将于8月1日起解除与胡某的劳动合同，根据《劳动法》的规定，公司最迟书面通知胡某的期限是（ ）。","单选题","6月30日前","7月1日前","7月2日前","7月15日前","B"]
["失业人员失业前所在单位和本人按照规定累计缴纳失业保险费时间满一年不足五年的，领取失业保险金的期限最长为(  )。","单选题","6个月","12个月","18个月","24个月","B"]
["因特殊原因需要延长工作时间的，在保障劳动者身体健康的条件下延长工作时间，每月不得超过(  )。","单选题","3小时","20小时","36小时","40小时","C"]
["《劳动法》规定劳动合同当事人可以约定试用期，试用期最长不得超过（ ）。","单选题","1个月","3个月","6个月","1年","C"]
["职工探望配偶的，每年给予一方探亲假一次，假期为（ ）。","单选题","20天","30天","40天","45天","B"]
["通过下列标准编号可以判断，（ ）标准是国家标准。","单选题","GB2893-82","TJ34-79","JBJ22-91","GYJ44-91","A"]
["《危险化学品安全管理条例》规定，国家实行危险化学品登记制度，并为危险化学品安全管理、事故预防和（ ）提供技术、信息支持。","单选题","远程运输","储存管理","应急救援","技术培训","C"]
["《危险化学品安全管理条例》规定，生产危险化学品的，应在危险化学品的包装内附有与危险化学品（ ）完全一致的化学品。","单选题","成分构成表","安全技术说明书","质量合格证书","应急说明书","B"]
["根据《危险化学品安全管理条例》，我国对危险化学品的运输实行（ ）。","单选题","登记制度","资质认定制度","注册制度","许可制度","B"]
["根据《危险化学品安全管理条例》，公安部门接收的危险化学品，交由处理的专业单位应由（ ）。","单选题","环境保护部门认定","消防部门认定","公安部门认定","工会认定","A"]
["根据《劳动法》规定，女职工“四期保护”的“四期”指的是（ ）。","单选题","经期、孕期、哺乳期、产期","少女、青年、中年、晚年","婚前、婚后、育前、育后","经期、孕期、婚期、哺乳期","A"]
["《安全生产法》规定，（ ）以上人民政府对安全生产监督管理中存在的重大问题应当及时予以协调、解决。","单选题","省级","市级","县级","乡级","C"]
["根据国家标准《事故伤害损失工作日》(GB/T15499-1995)的规定，各种损伤的损失工作日数（ ）。","单选题","是相同的","按该标准给出的换算方法进行换算","只与损伤部位有关","只与休假多少有关","B"]
["根据《危险化学品经营许可证管理办法》，危险化学品经营许可证的有效期为(  )年。","单选题",4,5,3,2,"C"]
["《安全生产法》规定，矿山、金属冶炼、建筑施工、道路运输单位和危险物品的（ ）单位，应当设置安全生产管理机构或者配备专职安全生产管理人员。","单选题","生产、运输、使用","生产、储存、使用","生产、运输、储存","生产、经营、储存","D"]
["安全生产法律责任的形式中，（ ）在追究安全生产违法行为的法律责任方式中运用最多。","单选题","行政责任","民事责任","刑事责任","赔偿责任","A"]
["依据《安全生产法》的规定，企业必须对安全设备进行（ ）维护、保养。","单选题","一次性","经常性","周期性","定期","B"]
["《安全生产法》规定，特种作业人员必须经专门的安全作业培训。取得（ ），方可上岗作业。","单选题","相应资格","特种作业操作合格证书","培训合格证书","特种作业操作资格证书","A"]
["依据《安全生产法》的规定，国家对严重危及生产安全的工艺、设备实施（ ）制度。","单选题","审批","淘汰","监管","登记","B"]
["保障人民群众（ ）安全，是制定《安全生产法》的目的之一。","单选题","生命","财产","生命和财产","生命和健康","C"]
["我国卫生标准规定的硫化氢车间最高容许浓度为（ ）mg／m3。","单选题",10,20,30,40,"A"]
["企业安全标志、职业危害警示标识每半年至少检查（ ）次。","单选题",1,2,3,4,"A"]
["企业应每年至少（ ）次对适用的安全生产法律、法规、标准及其他要求的执行情况进行符合性评价，并提交符合性评价报告。","单选题",1,2,3,4,"A"]
["企业主要负责人应每季度至少组织召开（ ）次安全生产委员会（简称安委会）会议。","单选题",1,2,3,4,"A"]

{"sheet":"判断题","index":1,"n_rows":996,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":996}
["题干","题型","选择项1","选择项2","答案"]
["职业道德既能调节从业人员内部关系，又能调节从业人员与其服务对象之间的关系。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["奉献社会是职业道德中的最高要求。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["市场经济下的职业道德能创造隐形效益。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["“真诚赢得信誉，信誉带来效益”和“质量赢得市场，质量成就事业”都体现了“诚实守信”的基本要求。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["职业道德是增强企业凝聚力的手段。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["社会主义职业道德的基本原则是国家利益、集体利益、个人利益相结合的集体主义。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["\"忠于职守,热爱本职\"是社会主义国家对每个从业人员的最终要求。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["现代社会所谓的节约，不仅包括时间空间的节约，还包括人力资金和物质的节约。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["五爱是社会主义职业道德的基本要求。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["职业道德是指所有从业人员在职业活动中应遵循的行为准则。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["爱岗敬业，诚实守信，办事公道，服务群众，奉献社会。这20个字概括了各行业职业道德的共同特点。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["职业道德有助于从业者形成良好的职业理想和情操。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["敬业，就是要用一种恭敬严肃的态度来对待自己的职业。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["爱岗敬业，并不是一个从业者做好本职工作的重要前提。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["即使没有较高的职业技能，也可以做到爱岗敬业。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["职业对我们来说仅仅只是谋生手段而已。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["开拓创新是爱岗敬业的时代精神。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["爱岗敬业是职业道德的根本。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["办事公道主要是针对有一定职权的人提出的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["办事公道、平等待人不但是基本的职业道德准则，也是取得成功的正确途径。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["职业是社会分工的结果，但本质上是社会需求的一种反映。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["无论什么行业，什么岗位，一个从业者只要爱岗敬业，诚实劳动，就是在为社会做贡献。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["有没有奉献社会精神，对一个从业者来说，工作成效是一样的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["职业忠诚指的是执着的工作这一层次的职业态度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["一个人从事自己喜欢的工作时，所获得不仅是物质报酬，更重要的是内心的满足感和自我的价值实现。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["“主动”的观念有两个层次：一是隐性外力的作用下工作，一是在自我激励的状态下工作。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["团队精神是指团队的成员为了各自的利益和目标而相互协作的作风。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["奉献与索取成正比例，奉献越多，索取越多，即钱多多干，钱少少干，无钱不干。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["市场经济是一种充满无序竞争的经济，谁诚实守信，谁就会在竞争中吃亏，最后被淘汰出局。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["爱岗敬业，用一句通俗的话说就是：干一行，爱一行，钻一行，精一行。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["职业资格是劳动者具有从事某种职业必备的学识、技术、能力的基本要求。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["职业道德是从业者自我实现的重要保证。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["职业道德规范并不是企业评判一个员工的职业行为是否符合职业要求的基本标准。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["爱岗，就是热爱自己的本职工作，能够为做好本职工作尽心尽力。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["诚实劳动并不是员工获得报酬的先决条件。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["热爱真理，追求正义是办事公道的具体要求之一。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["工作中遇到压力和干扰时可能有两种态度，一种是抛开原则，向有权势者屈服；一种是不畏权势，恪守职责，要办事公道必须坚持前者。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["人本服务的主要标志有：时刻把群众是否满意放在第一位；为服务对象提供个性化服务；不计报酬，不惜成本，超值服务。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["讲奉献并不是无视个人的利益，而是要正确处理好国家、集体和个人三者之间的利益关系，始终把国家利益和集体利益放在个人利益的前面。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["人的行为总是受一定的观念支配，职业活动不受任何观念支配。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["忠诚就是对自己所从事的工作、所服务的对象一心一意，忠于职守，决不懈怠，直到使命的最后完成。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["忠诚有两层含义：一是对企业的忠诚，一是对自己的忠诚。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["所谓对企业的忠诚，就是认同企业的文化，认同企业的管理，将个人的命运与企业的兴衰紧紧联系在一起。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["主动的本质在于自觉和自愿，兴趣是最大的内在动力。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["自我实现是个人自尊心基础上最高层次的追求，这种追求在职业活动中，主要是通过两个层面-----胜任感和成就感来达成。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["要更好的发扬团队精神，那就要注意沟通和理解。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["没有良好的人际关系，没有他人的合作和支持，就谈不上个人的职业发展，也就更谈不上事业的成功。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["文明生产的内容包括遵章守纪、优化现场环境、严格工艺纪律、相互配合协调。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["尽职尽责是体现诚信守则的重要途径。化工生产工作中，一切以数据说话，用事实和数据分析判断工作的规律。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["第二产业职业道德要求是：各行各业从业人员应具有专业化协作意识和现代化标准意识。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["触犯了法律就一定违反了职业道德规范。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["爱岗敬业的具体要求是:树立职业理想、强化职业责任、提高职业技能。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["协商是解决劳动争议的唯一途径。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["良好的职业习惯主要是自律的结果。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在实际工作中，只要具备一般职业能力就行，不需要特殊职业能力。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["遵纪守法、清廉从业是职业道德中的最高要求。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["职业只有分工不同，没有高低贵贱之分。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["凡是烃基和羟基相连的化合物都是醇。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["甲苯和苯乙烯都是苯的同系物。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["氢硫酸、亚硫酸和硫酸都是酸，因此彼此不发生反应。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["工业上主要用电解食盐水溶液来制备烧碱。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["氯气常用于自来水消毒是因为次氯酸是强氧化剂、可以杀菌。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["常温下氨气极易溶于水。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["如果加热后才发现没加沸石，应立即停止加热，待液体冷却后再补加。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["测定的精密度好，但准确度不一定好，消除了系统误差后，精密度好的，结果准确度就好。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["所谓化学计量点和滴定终点是一回事。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["直接法配制标准溶液必需使用基准试剂。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["所谓终点误差是由于操作者终点判断失误或操作不熟练而引起的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["汽油等有机溶剂着火时不能用水灭火。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在电烘箱中蒸发盐酸。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["纯水制备的方法只有蒸馏法和离子交换法。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["国标规定，一般滴定分析用标准溶液在常温（15～25℃）下使用两个月后，必须重新标定浓度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["分析测定结果的偶然误差可通过适当增加平行测定次数来减免。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["将7.63350修约为四位有效数字的结果是7.634。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["离子交换树脂的交换容量是指每克树脂所能交换的离子的物质的量（mmol/L）。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["标准偏差可以使大偏差能更显著地反映出来。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["天平和砝码应定时检定，按照规定最长检定周期不超过一年。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["千克的符号是kg，k为词头，g是基本单位。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在没有系统误差的前提条件下，总体平均值就是真实值。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["两位分析者同时测定某一试样中硫的质量分数，称取试样均为3.5g，分别报告结果如下：甲：0.042%,0.041%；乙：0.04099%,0.04201%,甲的报告是合理的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在实验室里严禁吃食品，但可以吸烟。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["金属钠遇水起火，可以用煤油灭火。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["纯碱、烧碱、火碱都是氢氧化钠。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["稀硝酸跟硫化亚铁反应，有硫化氢气体放出。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在反应MnO2+4HCL=MnCL2+2H2O+CL2↑中，HCL起酸和氧化剂的作用。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["液氨气化时蒸发热较大，故氨可作制冷剂。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["反应分子数等于反应式中的化学计量式之和。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["常用材料为金属材料、非金属材料、工程材料三大类。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["狭义上，一切金属的氧化物叫做陶瓷，其中以SiO2为主体的陶瓷通常称为硅酸盐材料。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["锡青铜在硝酸和其他含氧介质中以及在氨溶液中耐腐蚀。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在Zn+2HCl=ZnCl2+H2↑反应中，盐酸作氧化剂。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["紫铜就是纯铜，有良好的导电性导热性和抗腐蚀性。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["硝酸是一种强氧化剂，性质活泼，易挥发，容易与其它物质发生化学反应。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["过饱和溶液是最稳定的溶液。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["氧化还原电对的电极电位数值越正，表示该电对中氧化型的氧化能力(得电子倾向)越大，电对的电极电位数值越负，还原型还原能力越强。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在温度为273.15K和压力为100kPa时，2mol任何气体的体积约为44.8升。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["戊烷的沸点高于丙烷的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["0.1mol/LHNO3溶液和0.1mol/LHOAc溶液PH值相等。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["铜片与浓硝酸反应产生的气体可用排水集气法收集。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["盛氢氧化钠溶液的试剂瓶，应该用橡皮塞。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["滴定管可用于精确量取溶液体积。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["拿吸收池时只能拿毛面，不能拿透光面，擦拭时必须用擦镜纸擦透光面，不能用滤纸擦。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["完全中和某一元强酸，需一定量NaOH。若改用与NaOH等质量的Ba(OH)2，反应后溶液一定显碱性。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["浓度为10-5mol/L的盐酸溶液稀释10000倍，所得溶液的pH值为9。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在101.3kPa下，水的冰点即水的三相点为0℃。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["同温度下的水和水蒸气具有相同的焓值。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在滴定分析中，利用指示剂变色时停止滴定，这点称为化学计量点。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["铁船在大海中航行时，铁易被腐蚀，若将船体连有一定量的较活泼金属如锌，可减缓腐蚀。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["配制SnCl2溶液时，应将其先溶于适量的浓盐酸中，然后再加水稀释至所需的浓度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["pH=6.70与56.7%的有效数字位数相同。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["反应的化学计量点就是滴定终点。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["如果体系在变化中与环境没有功的交换，则体系放出的热量一定等于环境吸收的热量。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["甲烷非常容易燃烧，在空气不足时燃烧生成CO2和水。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["1mol乙炔最多可以与4molBr2加成。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["水在冷凝时放出的热量远大于冷却时放出的热量。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["可利用分子式中已知元素化合价，计算出另一元素未知化合价。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在一定条件下，当气液处于平衡时，一定数量溶剂所能溶解的溶质的数量称为溶解度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["饱和蒸汽压与液体的量无关，而决定于液体的本性和温度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["化学方程式表达了物质的质和量的变化。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["反映微观粒子数目多少的国际单位是摩尔。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["钠原子和钠离子都是钠元素，所以它们的化学性质完全相同。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["足量的盐酸和相同质量的Na,Mg,Al反应,产生H2最多的是Al。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["K2Cr2O7标定Na2S2O3溶液时，可采取升温的办法来加快反应速率。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["理想气体经绝热、反抗恒外压膨胀过程，则W﹥0。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["农村许多作物的秸秆，经微生物作用产生沼气，其主要成分是CO。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["计算对流传热系数的关联式都是一些经验公式。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["当地大气压为100kpa时，若某设备上的真空表的读数为20mmHg,则某设备中的绝压为97.33kpa。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["转化率是参加化学反应的某种原料量占通入反应体系的该种原料总量的百分率。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["某纯液体的饱和蒸气压是该液体温度的函数。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["对于连串反应，若目的产物是中间产物，则反应物转化率越高其目的产物的选择性越低。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["从经济观点看，提高总转化率比提高单程转化率更有利。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["气相压力一定，温度提高1倍，组分在气相中的扩散系数增大1倍。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["将蔗糖溶于纯水中形成稀溶液，与纯水比较，其沸点升高。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在单位时间内，反应器处理的原料量或生产的产品量称为反应器的生产能力。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["转化率越大,原料利用率越高,则产率越小。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["油品组分越轻，其蒸汽压越高。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["化工生产上，一般收率越高，转化率越高。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["转化率越高参加反应的原料量越多，所以转化率越高越好。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["室温下在装有48gO2，56gN2的容器中，O2的物质的量分数为3/7。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["化工基础数据可分为两类：物性数据和热力学数据。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["一定压力下，某物质的气体可液化的最高温度叫作该物质的临界温度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["对相同的反应物和产物，选择性(产率)等于转化率和收率相乘。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["反应物的单程转化率总小于总转化率。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["对同一反应，活化能一定，则反应的起始浓度越低，反应的速度常数对浓度的变化越敏感。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["2mol液体水在等温下变成蒸气，因该过程温度未改变，故△U＝0，△H＝0。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["空间速度是指在单位时间内，每单位体积的催化剂上所通过的反应物的体积流量。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["原料的转化率越高，得到的产品就越多，选择性就越好。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["理想气体的焓值只与温度有关，与压力无关。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["对任何化学反应，温度升高，则总的反应速度增加。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["消耗定额越高，生产过程的经济效益越高。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["对于一个反应体系，转化率越高，则目的产物的产量就越大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["活化能是使普通分子变为活化分子所需的最低能量，且活化能越低，反应速度越大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在给定温度下，液体具有确定的蒸气压，液体蒸气压总是随着温度的上升而减小。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["生产能力是指生产装置每年生产的产品量。如：30万吨/年合成氨装置指的是生产能力。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["一台苯乙烯反应器。已知通入该反应器的原料乙苯量为1000Kg/h，苯乙烯收率为40%，以反应乙苯计的苯乙烯选择性为90%。原料乙苯中含甲苯2%（质量分数），则每小时参加反应的乙苯量为435kg。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["从理论上说多级压缩的级数越多压缩的终温越低。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["一切自发过程都会导致能量的降级。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["采用列管式固定床反应器生产氯乙烯，使用相同类型的催化剂，在两台反应器生产能力相同条件下，则催化剂装填量越多的反应器生产强度越大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["两套合成氨生产装置生产能力均为600kt/a，说明两套装置具有相同的生产强度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["根据稀溶液的依数性，苯甲酸分别溶于乙醇和苯中，则两溶液的沸点均提高。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["提高反应温度，对所有反应均可提高反应速度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["化工生产中，常以空速的大小来表示催化剂的生产能力，空速越大，单位时间、单位体积催化剂处理的原料气量就越大，故空速愈大愈好。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["空间速度是指单位时间内通过单位体积催化剂上的反应混合气的体积，单位是h-1。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["原料消耗定额的高低，说明生产水平的高低和操作技术水平的好坏。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["提高设备的生产强度，可以实现在同一设备中生产出更多的产品，进而提高设备的生产能力。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["金属材料的导热系数随温度升高而降低，而非金属材料的导热系数随温度升高而增大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在唐古拉山口道班的工人常用高压锅来煮面条，是因为那里沸点太高，不易煮开。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["比重即密度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["现在国际上规定将标准大气压的值定为100kPa，即表示在此压力下水的沸点为100℃。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["一个放热反应在什么情况下都是放热反应。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在同一温度和压力下，某物质的的摩尔熔化焓与摩尔凝固焓在数值上相等，而符号相反。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["总质系数Kg和Kl虽然数值上不相等，但单位是一样的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["利用苯作为原料生产某一有机化合物，平均月产量5000吨，月消耗苯5500吨。苯的消耗额为1.1。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["两组分挥发度之比称为相对挥发度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["从经济角度上看，常压气体的适宜流速为20-40m/s。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["标准状态下，空气的密度是1.32kg/m3。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["实际过程的原料消耗量有可能低于理论消耗定额。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["能量、功、热在国际单位制中的单位名称是卡。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["生产能力就是指装置的设计生产能力。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在化工生产过程中，通常用空速的大小来表示催化剂的生产能力，空速越大，单位时间、单位体积催化剂处理的原料气量就越大，所以空速越大越好。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["温度增加有利于活化能大的反应进行。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["动力学分析只涉及反应过程的始态和终态，不涉及中间过程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["对于以化学反应为主的过程以目的产品量表示生产能力。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在实际生产中，采取物料的循环是提高原料利用率的有效方法。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["常温下能用铝制容器盛浓硝酸是因为常温下，浓硝酸根本不与铝反应。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["王水的氧化能力强于浓硝酸，能溶解金和铂。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["用KMnO4法测定MnO2的含量时，采用的滴定方式是返滴定。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["钠、钾等金属应保存在煤油中，白磷应保存在水中，汞需用水封。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["用酸式滴定管滴定时，应将右手无名指和小指向手心弯曲，轻轻抵住尖嘴，其余三指控制旋塞转动。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["浓硫酸可以用铁制的容器盛放。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["高锰酸钾可以用来区别甲苯和乙烯。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["高锰酸钾标准溶液可以用分析纯的高锰酸钾直接配制。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["铵盐中的铵态氮能用直接法滴定。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["使甲基橙显黄色的溶液一定是碱性的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在实验室常用的去离子水中加入1～2滴酚酞，则呈现红色。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["使用吸管时，决不能用未经洗净的同一吸管插入不同试剂瓶中吸取试剂。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["滴定管、容量瓶、移液管在使用之前都需要用试剂溶液进行润洗。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["移液管移取溶液经过转移后，残留于移液管管尖处的溶液应该用洗耳球吹入容器中。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["凡是优级纯的物质都可用于直接法配制标准溶液。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["将20.000克Na2CO3准确配制成1升溶液，其物质的量浓度为0.1886mol/L。[M(Na2CO3)=106]。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["标准溶液装入滴定管之前，要用该溶液润洗滴定管2～3次，而锥形瓶也需用该溶液润洗或烘干。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["电子天平一定比普通电光天平的精度高。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["测量的准确度要求较高时，容量瓶在使用前应进行体积校正。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["量气管的体积应与碱式滴定管一样予以校正。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["用浓溶液配制稀溶液的计算依据是稀释前后溶质的物质的量不变。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["滴定管、移液管和容量瓶校准的方法有称量法和相对校准法。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["玻璃器皿不可盛放浓碱液，但可以盛酸性溶液。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["分析纯的NaC1试剂，如不做任何处理，用来标定AgNO3溶液的浓度，结果会偏高。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在进行某鉴定反应时，得不到肯定结果，如怀疑试剂已变质，应做对照试验。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["中和滴定时，直接用蘸有水滴的锥形瓶进行实验，对实验结果没有影响。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["苯、甲苯、乙苯都可以使酸性KMnO4溶液褪色。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["分析检验中影响测定精度的是系统误差，影响测定准确度的是随机误差。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["用酸溶解金属铝时，铝块越纯溶解速率越慢。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在配制氢氧化钠标准溶液的实验中，称取氢氧化钠固体需要用分析天平。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["若浓硫酸溅在皮肤上，应立即用稀碱水冲洗。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["化工设备的腐蚀大多属于电化学腐蚀。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["滴定分析法是以化学反应为基础的分析方法，方法简单、快速，且对化学反应没有要求。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["根据苯的构造式可知苯可以使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["格氏试剂很活泼，能与水、醇、氨、酸等含活泼氢的化合物反应分解为烃，但对空气稳定。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["皮肤与浓HNO3接触后显黄色是硝化作用的结果。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["用EDTA作标准溶液进行滴定时，既可以用酸式滴定管也可以用碱式滴定管。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["为了除去水中的重金属离子，采用臭氧氧化法对铬、铅、汞的除去效果都比较好。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在化学分析中，萃取分离法常用于低含量组分的分离或富集，也可用于清除大量干扰元素。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["乙烷、乙烯、乙炔与氯化亚铜的氨溶液作用，有红色沉淀产生的是乙烯。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["用离子交换法制备的去离子水，能有效地除去有机物。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["检测醚中的过氧化物可用KI和淀粉溶液。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["有机样品中含有杂质时，测得有机物的熔点偏低，熔程变长。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["碳钢在强酸、强碱中的腐蚀属于均匀腐蚀。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在氧化还原滴定分析法中，若氧化形生成沉淀时会使电对的电极电位降低。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["相对密度为1.5的液体密度为1500kg/m3。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["转子流量计的转子位置越高，流量越大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["大气压等于760mmHg。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["离心泵的密封环损坏会导致泵的流量下降。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在运转过程中，滚动轴承的温度一般不应大于65℃。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["输送液体的密度越大，泵的扬程越小。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["离心泵停车时，先关闭泵的出口阀门，以避免压出管内的液体倒流。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["由于泵内存在气体，使离心泵启动时无法正常输送液体而产生汽蚀现象。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["小管路除外，一般对于常拆管路应采用法兰连接。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["离心泵铭牌上注明的性能参数是轴功率最大时的性能。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["往复泵有自吸作用,安装高度没有限制。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["若某离心泵的叶轮转速足够快，且设泵的强度足够大，则理论上泵的吸上高度Hg可达无限大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["旋涡泵当流量为零时轴功率也为零。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["流体在截面为圆形的管道中流动时，当流量为定值时，流速越大，管径越小，则基建费用减少，但日常操作费用增加。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["离心泵在试用过程中，电机被烧坏，事故原因有两方面，一方面是发生汽蚀现象，另一方面是填料压得太紧，开泵前未进行盘车。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["同一管路系统中并联泵组的输液量等于两台泵单独工作时的输液量之和。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["由离心泵和某一管路组成的输送系统，其工作点由泵铭牌上的流量和扬程所决定。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["当离心泵发生气缚或汽蚀现象时，处理的方法均相同。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["流体发生自流的条件是上游的能量大于下游的能量。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["离心压缩机的“喘振”现象是由于进气量超过上限所引起的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["扬程为20m的离心泵，不能把水输送到20m的高度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["流体的流动形态分为层流、过渡流和湍流三种。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["离心泵的性能曲线中的H-Q线是在功率一定的情况下测定的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["闸阀的特点是密封性能较好，流体阻力小，具有一定的调节流量性能，适用于控制清洁液体，安装时没有方向。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["离心泵的泵壳既是汇集叶轮抛出液体的部件，又是流体机械能的转换装置。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["转子流量计可以安装在垂直管路上，也可以在倾斜管路上使用。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在稳定流动过程中，流体流经各等截面处的体积流量相等。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["离心泵开车之前，必须打开进口阀和出口阀。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["离心水泵出水管应设置闸阀和调节阀。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["化工企业生产用泵种类繁多，按其工作原理划分可归为容积泵、叶片泵、流体动力泵三大类。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["Re在2000～4000之间,流动型态为过渡型态。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["不可压缩流体在直径相等的管道内流动,管路上有一半开的阀门,阀门后的流速比阀门前的流速小。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["离心泵的主要部件有叶轮、泵壳和轴封装置。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["对于截面积不为圆形的管道，其当量直径的表达式为:de=4×流体流过的截面积/流体润湿周边[]。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["输送沸点低或温度高的液体，泵的允许安装高度将增大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["离心泵一般采用后弯叶片。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["泵的扬程就是泵的升扬高度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["往复压缩机的余隙系数是指余隙容积占活塞推进一次所扫过容积的百分率。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["离心泵的总效率反映容积损失、水力损失和机械损失三项能量损失的影响。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在化工用泵出口处有漏液现象，应切换到备用泵，并进行及时维修。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["流体在圆管内流动阻力主要有沿程阻力和局部阻力。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["化工单元操作是一种物理操作，只改变物质的物理性质而不改变其化学性质。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["当输送流体的管径一定时，增大流体的流量，雷诺准数减少。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["牛顿粘性定律是：流体的粘度越大，其流动性就越差。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["稳定流动时，流体的流速、压强、密度等均不随时间和位置而变。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["离心泵的特点之一是有很大的操作弹性，能在相当广泛的流量范围内操作。泵的铭牌上标明的数值是该泵在效率最高点上的性能。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["离心泵的流量常用出口阀门调节，而往复泵和往复压缩机等，流量的调节则必须采用旁路部分循环的方法。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["离心泵的出口阀关闭，其流量为零，则所需的轴功率也为零。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["IS50-32-200B型离心油泵为单级单吸清水离心泵，泵人口直径50mm，泵出口直径32mm，叶轮名义直径200mm，叶轮外径经第一次切割。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["液体在离心泵的工作流程是先经过叶轮，再经过压液室，最后经过扩压管(泵体)而排出泵外。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["降低离心泵转速，其理论扬程减小。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["往复压缩机是依靠汽缸内工作容积周期性变化来提高气体压力的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["单级离心泵主要由叶轮、轴、吸液室、泵体、泵盖、机械密封、压出室、轴套、耐磨环、轴承、联轴器组成。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["水环式真空泵是靠水改变叶轮内部容积从而达到压缩气体的目的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["离心泵扬程选型时只要泵的扬程高于设备操作压力即可。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["流体的物理、化学性质是选择离心泵种类和型号的重要依据。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["离心泵不得关闭出口阀门长时间运行，否则会引起不良后果。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["传热速率即为热负荷。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["辐射不需要任何物质作媒介。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["浮头式换热器具有能消除热应力、便于清洗和检修方便的特点。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["多管程换热器的目的是强化传热。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["冷热流体在换热时，并流时的传热温度差要比逆流时的传热温度差大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["换热器投产时，先通入热流体，后通入冷流体。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["换热器冷凝操作应定期排放蒸汽侧的不凝气体。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["热负荷是指换热器本身具有的换热能力。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["提高传热速率的最有效途径是提高传热面积。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["工业设备的保温材料，一般都是取导热系数较小的材料。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["换热器正常操作之后才能打开放空阀。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["对于同一种流体，有相变时的α值比无相变时的α要大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["为了提高传热效率，采用蒸汽加热时必须不断排除冷凝水并及时排放不凝性气体。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在螺旋板式换热器中,流体只能做严格的逆流流动。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["通过三层平壁的定态热传导，各层界面间接触均匀，第一层两侧温度为120℃和80℃，第三层外表面温度为40℃，则第一层热阻R1和第二、第三层热阻R2、R3之间的关系为R1>(R2+R3)。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["当冷热两流体的α相差较大时，欲提高换热器的K值关键是采取措施提高较小α。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["列管换热器中设置补偿圈的目的主要是为了便于换热器的清洗和强化传热。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["间壁式换热器内热量的传递是由对流传热—热传导—对流传热这三个串联着的过程组成。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在列管换热器中采用多程结构，可增大换热面积。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["流体与壁面进行稳定的强制湍流对流传热，层流内层的热阻比湍流主体的热阻大，故层流内层内的传热比湍流主体内的传热速率小。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["饱和水蒸气和空气通过间壁进行稳定热交换，由于空气侧的膜系数远远小于饱和水蒸气侧的膜系数。故空气侧的传热速率比饱和水蒸气侧的传热速率小。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["当换热器中热流体的质量流量、进出口温度及冷流体进出口温度一定时，采用并流操作可节省冷流体用量。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["提高换热器的传热系数，能够有效地提高传热速率。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["空气、水、金属固体的导热系数分别为λ1、λ2和λ3其顺序为λ1<λ2<λ3。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["换热器开车时，是先进冷物料，后进热物料，以防换热器突然受热而变形。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["传热速率就是热负荷。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["物质的导热率均随温度的升高而增大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["对夹套式换热器而言，用蒸汽加热时应使蒸汽由夹套下部进入。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["板式换热器是间壁式换热器的一种形式。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在列管式换热器，管间装设了两块横向的折流挡板，则该换热器变成双壳程的换热器。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["换热管在管板上的排列以正方形排列的管数最多，故应用最广。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在圆筒稳定导热中,通过圆筒的热通量内侧比外侧大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在同一温度下，灰体的吸收率和黑度在数值上相等，因此A和ε物理意义也相同。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["当换热器中冷热流体的进出口温度一定时，逆流的△tm一定大于错流或折流时的△tm。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["因次分析法的目的在于用无因次数群代替变量，使实验与关联工作简化。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["与固体和液体相比，气体辐射的主要特点是气体发射和吸收辐射能时对波长有选择性和在整个气体体积内进行的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["引起自然对流的原因是系统内部存在温度差，使各部分的流体的密度不同，而引起流体的上升或下降。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在稳态热传导中，凡热阻大处其温差也大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["导热系数和对流传热系数都是物质的一种物理性质。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["套管换热器中冷热流体可以严格逆流流动，平均温度差大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["换热器生产过程中，物料的流动速度越大，换热效果越好，故流速越大越好。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["换热器在使用前的试压重点检查列管是否泄漏。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["流体对流传热膜系数一般来说有相变时的要比无相变时为大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["多层平壁稳定导热时，如果某层壁面导热系数小，则该层的导热热阻大，推动力小。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["若以饱和蒸汽加热空气，传热的壁面温度一般取空气和蒸汽的平均温度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["所谓黑体就是人们所讲的黑颜色的物体。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["换热器投用前一般做预紧处理。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["换热器小浮头漏，可将小浮头焊死。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["冷换设备吹扫一程时，另一程应憋压。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["增加管壳式换热器的管程数可得到较大的传热系数，从而可强化传热。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["换热器壳程一般加横向折流挡板。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["换热器安装防冲板能起到保护管束作用，但也易产生部分传热死区。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["换热设备在工作时不仅可以传热，而且可以传质。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["板式换热器中某个通道的流体没有不影响板式温差。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["列管式换热器气阻现象一般发生在管程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["将滤浆冷却可提高过滤速率。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["过滤操作是分离悬浮液的有效方法之一。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["板框压滤机是一种连续性的过滤设备。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["欲提高降尘室的生产能力，主要的措施是提高降尘室的高度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["离心分离因数越大其分离能力越强。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["降尘室的生产能力不仅与降尘室的宽度和长度有关，而且与降尘室的高度有关。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["板框压滤机的过滤时间等于其它辅助操作时间总和时，其生产能力最大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["采用在过滤介质上游加压的方法可以有效地提高过滤速率。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在斯托克斯区域内粒径为16mm及8mm的两种颗粒在同一旋风分离器中沉降，则两种颗粒的离心沉降速度之比为2。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["重力沉降设备比离心沉降设备分离效果更好，而且设备体积也较小。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["转鼓真空过滤机在生产过程中，滤饼厚度达不到要求，主要是由于真空度过低。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["颗粒的自由沉降是指颗粒间不发生碰撞或接触等相互影响的情况下的沉降过程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在一般过滤操作中，起到主要介质作用的是过滤介质本身。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["板框压滤机的滤板和滤框，可根据生产要求进行任意排列。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["利用电力来分离非均相物系可以彻底将非均相物系分离干净。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在一般过滤操作中，实际上起到主要介质作用的是滤饼层而不是过滤介质本身。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["将降尘室用隔板分层后，若能100%除去的最小颗粒直径要求不变，则生产能力将变大；沉降速度不变，沉降时间变小。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["为提高离心机的分离效率，通常采用小直径，高转速的转鼓。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在生产上一般不采用大直径的旋风分离器,而采用小直径旋风分离器组,主要是为了降低设备投资。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["斯托克斯定律只适用于层流区。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在一般过滤操作中，实际上起到主要介质作用的是滤饼层，而不是过滤介质本身。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["旋液分离器的直径常常比旋风分离器要小，其原因在于固、液密度差比固气密度差要小。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["回转真空过滤机每通过过滤区、洗涤脱水区、吹松区和卸渣区这四个区域，就完成一个周期,这是转筒这一部件使过滤室不同部位能自动进行不同的操作。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["沉降器的生产能力与沉降速度及沉降面积有关，与沉降高度无关。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["气相与液相所组成的物系称为气相非均相物系。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["用板框式过滤机进行恒压过滤操作，随着过滤时间的增加，滤液量不断增加，生产能力也不断增加。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["固体颗粒在大气中沉降是层流区域时，以颗粒直径的大小对沉降速度的影响最为显著。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["恒压过滤过程的过滤速度是恒定的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在气一固分离过程，为了增大沉降速度，必须使气体的温度升高。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["转筒真空过滤机是一种间歇性的过滤设备。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["滤浆与洗涤水是从同一条管路进入压滤机的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["气固分离时，选择分离设备，依颗粒从大到小分别采用降尘室、旋风分离器、袋滤器。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在过滤操作中，过滤介质必须将所有颗粒都截留下来。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["沉降分离要满足的基本条件是，停留时间不小于沉降时间，且停留时间越大越好。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在重力场中，固体颗粒的沉降速度与颗粒几何形状无关。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["氟里昂是以前常用的冷冻剂，它一般不会污染环境。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["制冷循环中制冷剂就是载冷体。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["将物料的温度降低到比空气和水这些天然冷却剂的温度还低的操作称为冷冻。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["冷冻过程的热传递方向是通过载体将低温物体的热量传给高温物体。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在冷冻操作中，用作传递热量的中间物流称为制冷剂。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["制冷过程主要有四台设备共同完成：压缩机、冷凝器、膨胀机、蒸发器。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["冷冻机制冷循环操作过程同往复式气体压缩机的工作循环一样，也是四个同样的过程组成。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["冷冻操作时热量由高温物体取出而被送到低温物体去。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["冷冻机的实际压缩过程中进入压缩机的蒸汽为稍稍过热的蒸汽。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["压缩制冷过程是利用冷冻剂的相变来实现热量的转移。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["冷冻剂的种类和特性对压缩机汽缸尺寸，制作材料及操作压强有极大的影响。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["计算制冷压缩机的能耗时，功和功率是同一概念。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["制冷压缩机运行的效果与供电质量无关。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["制冷压缩机的地脚螺丝松动将使其产生振动。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["制冷剂在冷凝器中的实际放热过程是等温等压过程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["湿空气温度一定时，相对湿度越低，湿球温度也越低。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["若以湿空气作为干燥介质，由于夏季的气温高，则湿空气用量就少。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["同一种物料在一定的干燥速率下，物料愈厚，则其临界含水量愈高。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["湿空气在预热过程中露点是不变的参数。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["对流干燥中湿物料的平衡水分与湿空气的性质有关。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["相对湿度越低，则距饱和程度越远，表明该湿空气的吸收水汽的能力越弱。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["选择干燥器时，首先要考虑的是该干燥器生产能力的大小。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["同一物料，如恒速阶段的干燥速率加快，则该物料的临界含水量将增大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["若相对湿度为零，说明空气中水汽含量为零。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["空气干燥器包括空气预热器和干燥器两大部分。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["沸腾床干燥器中的适宜气速应大于带出速度，小于临界速度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["湿空气进入干燥器前预热,不能降低其含水量。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["干燥操作的目的是将物料中的含水量降至规定的指标以上。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["喷雾干燥塔干燥得不到粒状产品。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["干燥过程既是传热过程又是传质过程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["一定湿度H的气体，当总压P加大时，露点温度Td升高。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["空气的干球温度和湿球温度相差越大，说明该空气偏移饱和程度就越大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["对流干燥速率的快慢只取决于传热，与干燥介质无关。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["利用浓H2SO4吸收物料中的湿份是干燥。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["干燥硫化氢气体中的水分可以用浓硫酸。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["物料的平衡水分随其本身温度升高的变化趋势为增大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在恒速干燥阶段所除去的水分是非结合水和部分结合水。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["热能去湿方法即固体的干燥操作。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["恒定干燥介质条件下，降速干燥阶段的湿料表面温度为湿球温度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["湿球温度计是用来测定空气温度的一种温度计。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["干燥介质干燥物料后离开干燥器其湿含量增加，温度也上升。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在一定的干燥条件下，物料愈厚，则临界含水量就愈大，而干燥至同一含水量所需的时间就愈长。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["对流干燥的必要条件是物料表面产生的水汽分压必须大于干燥介质中所含的水汽分压，且湿空气不饱和。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["干燥操作中，当相对湿度为100%时，表明湿空气中水蒸气含量已达到饱和状态。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["湿度只表示水蒸气含量的绝对值，而相对湿度才反映了湿空气吸收水汽的能力。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["厢式干燥器干燥均匀，需要的时间往往也比较短，但装卸物料劳动强度大，操作条件差。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["沸腾床干燥器又名流化床干燥器，适用于处理粉粒状物料，特别是对因水分较多而引起显著结块的物料有独到的用处。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["改变湿空气的温度能较大的影响降速干燥阶段速率，而对等速干燥阶段基本没有影响。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["实现规定的分离要求，所需实际塔板数比理论塔板数多。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["根据恒摩尔流的假设，精馏塔中每层塔板液体的摩尔流量和蒸汽的摩尔流量均相等。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["实现稳定的精馏操作必须保持全塔系统的物料平衡和热量平衡。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["回流是精馏稳定连续进行的必要条件。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在对热敏性混合液进行精馏时必须采用加压分离。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["连续精馏预进料时，先打开放空阀，充氮置换系统中的空气，以防在进料时出现事故。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["连续精馏停车时，先停再沸器，后停进料。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在精馏塔中从上到下，液体中的轻组分逐渐增大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["精馏操作中，操作回流比小于最小回流比时，精馏塔不能正常工作。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["精馏塔板的作用主要是为了支承液体。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["筛板塔板结构简单，造价低，但分离效率较泡罩低，因此已逐步淘汰。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["最小回流比状态下的理论塔板数为最少理论塔板数。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["雾沫挟带过量是造成精馏塔液泛的原因之一。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["精馏塔操作过程中主要通过控制温度、压力、进料量和回流比来实现对气、液负荷的控制。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["与塔底相比，精馏塔的塔顶易挥发组分浓度最大，且气、液流量最少。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在精馏操作中，严重的雾沫夹带将导致塔压的增大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["用某精馏塔分离二元混合物，规定产品组成xD、xW。当进料为xF1时，相应的回流比为R1；进料为xF2时，相应的回流比为R2。若xF1<xF2，进料热状态不变，则R1<R2。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["精馏塔的操作弹性越大，说明保证该塔正常操作的范围越大，操作越稳定。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在二元溶液的x-y图中，平衡线与对角线的距离越远，则该溶液就越易分离。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["分离任务要求一定，当回流比一定时，在五种进料状况中，冷液进料的q值最大，提馏段操作线与平衡线之间的距离最小，分离所需的总理论塔板数最多。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["混合液的沸点只与外界压力有关。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["对乙醇—水系统，用普通精馏方法进行分离，只要塔板数足够，可以得到纯度为0.98(摩尔分数)以上的纯酒精。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["精馏操作时,塔釜温度偏低，其他操作条件不变，则馏出液的组成变低。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["精馏操作中，操作回流比必须大于最小回流比。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["控制精馏塔时加大加热蒸汽量，则塔内温度一定升高。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["控制精馏塔时加大回流量，则塔内压力一定降低。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["理想的进料板位置是其气体和液体的组成与进料的气体和液体组成最接近。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["精馏操作时，若F、D、XF、q、R、加料板位置都不变，而将塔顶泡点回流改为冷回流，则塔顶产品组成XD变大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["填料的等板高度越高，表明其传质效果越好。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["精馏塔内的温度随易挥发组分浓度增大而降低。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["间歇蒸馏塔塔顶馏出液中的轻组分浓度随着操作的进行逐渐增大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["已知某精馏塔操作时的进料线（q线）方程为：y=0.6，则该塔的进料热状况为饱和液体进料。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["含50%乙醇和50%水的溶液，用普通蒸馏的方法不能获得98%的乙醇水溶液。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["精馏塔的不正常操作现象有液泛、泄漏和气体的不均匀分布。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["筛孔塔板易于制造，易于大型化，压降小，生产能力高，操作弹性大，是一种优良的塔板。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["浮阀塔操作弹性较大，可以应用在粘度较大或液体中有固体颗粒的场合。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["蒸馏是利用液体混合物中各组分挥发度的差别从而分离液体混合物的单元操作。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["蒸馏是用来分离均相液体混合物的单元操作。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["各组分挥发能力相差越小，用蒸馏的方法分离越完全。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["简单蒸馏适用于分离各种物系得到较纯的产品。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["一般情况下都采用常压蒸馏。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在精馏塔操作中回流比的正常控制与调节是优质、高产、低耗的重要因素之一。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["精馏操作中，冷凝器的作用是将塔顶上升的蒸汽进行冷凝，使之成为液体。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["液沫夹带是高浓度液相进入低浓度液相，对传质不利。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["为保证液流畅通，精馏塔进口堰高度应大于降液管与下层塔板的距离。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["将混合气体在一定压力下降低温度，使其冷凝，当其混合液体中出现第一个液滴，这个温度叫泡点。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["精馏操作过程中回流比越小，分离效果越好。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["对于有侧线产品的蒸馏塔，塔顶产品和塔底产品之和等于进入塔的原料量。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["理论塔板数就是实际塔板数。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["精馏塔饱和蒸汽进料，则精馏段回流液流量与提馏段下降液体流量相等。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["液泛时的气速为塔操作的极限速度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["过量雾沫夹带造成液相在塔板间的返混，塔板效率下降。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["造成漏液的主要原因是气速太大和板面上液面落差所引起的气流的分布不均匀。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["板式塔的主要部件包括：塔体、封头、塔裙、接管、人孔、塔盘等。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["调节塔顶回流返塔温度是调节塔顶温度的主要手段。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["计算塔径的关键在于确定适宜的空塔速度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["精馏描述的是在精馏塔中，气液两相在塔板上顺流接触的过程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["结晶操作中，晶核的形成是结晶的开始。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["结晶过程的产量取决于结晶固体与其溶液之间的一个平衡关系。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["结晶发生在不饱和溶液的稳定区。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["过饱和度越大，溶液结晶粒径越大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["过饱和度是结晶的先决条件。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["搅拌是影响结晶粒度分布的重要因素。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["溶解度随温度降低而显著升高的溶液适合采用冷却结晶法。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["结晶是一个晶核逐渐成长的过程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["晶形是指在一定环境下，晶体的外部形态。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["结晶操作中，晶浆是指还没有结晶的溶液。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["不论其外形如何，只要它的内部物质都是有规律排列的就是晶体。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["结晶是液体物质以晶体状态从蒸气、溶液或熔融物中析出的过程，以获得高纯度固体物质的基本单元操作。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["结晶器的选择一般考虑所处理物质的性质就可以了。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["固体有结晶、非结晶、无定形三种状态。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["溶质只有在过饱和溶液中才能析出。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["吸收操作是双向传质过程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["操作弹性大、阻力小是填料塔和湍球塔共同的优点。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["物理吸收操作是一种将分离的气体混合物，通过吸收剂转化成较容易分离的液体。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["当吸收剂需循环使用时，吸收塔的吸收剂入口条件将受到解吸操作条件的制约。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["吸收操作的依据是根据混合物的挥发度的不同而达到分离的目的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["吸收操作中吸收剂用量越多越有利。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["吸收既可以用板式塔，也可以用填料塔。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在吸收操作中，改变传质单元数的大小对吸收系数无影响。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["根据双膜理论，吸收过程的主要阻力集中在两流体的双膜内。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["填料吸收塔正常操作时的气速必须小于载点气速。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["填料塔开车时，我们总是先用较大的吸收剂流量来润湿填料表面，甚至淹塔，然后再调节到正常的吸收剂用量，这样吸收效果较好。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["吸收操作中,增大液气比有利于增加传质推动力,提高吸收速率。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["水吸收氨—空气混合气中的氨的过程属于液膜控制。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在逆流吸收操作中，若已知平衡线与操作线为互相平行的直线，则全塔的平均推动力△Ym与塔内任意截面的推动力Y—Y*相等。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["吸收塔的吸收速率随着温度的提高而增大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["根据双膜理论，在气液两相界面处传质阻力最大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["填料塔的基本结构包括：圆柱形塔体、填料、填料压板、填料支承板、液体分布装置、液体再分布装置。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["亨利系数随温度的升高而减小，由亨利定律可知，当温度升高时，表明气体的溶解度增大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["吸收操作线方程是由物料衡算得出的，因而它与吸收相平衡、吸收温度、两相接触状况、塔的结构等都没有关系。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["当吸收剂的喷淋密度过小时，可以适当增加填料层高度来补偿。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["吸收操作时,增大吸收剂的用量总是有利于吸收操作的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["正常操作的逆流吸收塔,因故吸收剂入塔量减少,以致使液气比小于原定的最小液气比,则吸收过程无法进行。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["吸收塔在停车时，先卸压至常压后方可停止吸收剂。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["填料乱堆安装时，首先应在填料塔内注满水。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["当气体溶解度很大时，可以采用提高气相湍流强度来降低吸收阻力。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["吸收进行的依据是混合气体中各组分的溶解度不同。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在吸收操作中，若吸收剂用量趋于最小值时，吸收推动力趋于最大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在吸收操作中，选择吸收剂时，要求吸收剂的蒸汽压尽可能高。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在吸收操作中，只有气液两相处于不平衡状态时，才能进行吸收。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["对一定操作条件下的填料吸收塔，如将塔填料层增高一些，则塔的HOG将增大，NOG将不变。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["当气体溶解度很大时，吸收阻力主要集中在液膜上。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["气体混合物与作为吸收剂的液体充分接触时，溶解度大的仍留在气相。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["解吸过程是使溶质从吸收液中释放出来，以便得到纯净的溶质或使吸收剂再生循环使用。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["用碳酸丙烯酯吸收合成气中的二氧化碳属于多组分吸收。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["用洗油吸收焦炉气中的苯、甲苯、二甲苯等属于单组分吸收。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["一般情况下，气体的溶解度随温度升高而减小，随压力升高而增大。因此，升高温度，降低压力对吸收过程有利。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["吸收塔内气液两相可因种种原因造成少量流体发生与主体方向相反的流动，这一现象称为返混。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["当采用加压吸收时，才可用加热解吸使溶质从吸收液中解吸出来。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["填料在塔内的堆积形式有整砌和乱堆两种。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["无论气、液相主体中吸收质的浓度是否达到平衡，自由界面上两相的浓度是互成平衡的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在填料塔中，塔内装填一定高度的填料层，液体沿填料表面呈膜状向下流动，作为连续相的气体自下而上流动，与液体逆流传质。两相的组分浓度沿塔高呈阶梯变化。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["吸收传质速率主要由气体浓度控制。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["吸收率是用来鉴定吸收效果好坏的指标，吸收率越高吸收效果越好。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["吸收过程有明显的化学反应，如用水吸收二氧化碳的过程称为化学吸收。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["同一种填料，不管用什么方式堆放到塔中，其比表面积总是相同的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在多效蒸发时，后一效的压力一定比前一效的低。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["蒸发过程的实质是通过间壁的传热过程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["多效蒸发的目的是为了节约加热蒸气。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["蒸发操作中，少量不凝性气体的存在，对传热的影响可忽略不计。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["蒸发过程中操作压力增加,则溶质的沸点增加。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["溶剂蒸汽在蒸发设备内的长时间停留会对蒸发速率产生影响。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["采用多效蒸发的主要目的是为了充分利用二次蒸汽。效数越多，单位蒸汽耗用量越小，因此，过程越经济。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["多效蒸发流程中,主要用在蒸发过程中有晶体析出场合的是平流加料。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在膜式蒸发器的加热管内，液体沿管壁呈膜状流动，管内没有液层，故因液柱静压强而引起的温度差损失可忽略。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["蒸发过程主要是一个传热过程，其设备与一般传热设备并无本质区别。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["蒸发器主要由加热室和分离室两部分组成。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["用分流进料方式蒸发时，得到的各份溶液浓度相同。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["蒸发是溶剂在热量的作用下从液相转移到气相的过程，故属传热传质过程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["提高蒸发器的蒸发能力，其主要途经是提高传热系数。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["饱和蒸汽压越大的液体越难挥发。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在多效蒸发的流程中，并流加料的优点是各效的压力依次降低，溶液可以自动地从前一效流入后一效，不需用泵输送。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["蒸发操作只有在溶液沸点下才能进行。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["中央循环管式蒸发器是强制循环蒸发器。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["一般在低压下蒸发，溶液沸点较低，有利于提高蒸发的传热温差；在加压蒸发，所得到的二次蒸气温度较高，可作为下一效的加热蒸气加以利用。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["生蒸汽与二次蒸汽没有区别。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["提高传热系数可以提高蒸发器的蒸发能力。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["真空蒸发降低了溶质的沸点。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在连续逆流萃取塔操作时，为增加相际接触面积，一般应选流量小的一相作为分散相。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在一个既有萃取段，又有提浓段的萃取塔内，往往是萃取段维持较高温度，而提浓段维持较低温度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["萃取中，萃取剂的加入量应使和点的位置位于两相区。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["萃取塔操作时，流速过大或振动频率过快易造成液泛。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["分离过程可以分为机械分离和传质分离过程两大类。萃取是机械分离过程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["萃取操作设备不仅需要混合能力，而且还应具有分离能力。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["萃取塔开车时，应先注满连续相，后进分散相。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["含A，B两种成分的混合液，只有当分配系数大于1时，才能用萃取操作进行分离。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["溶质A在萃取相中和萃余相中的分配系数kA>1，是选择萃取剂的必备条件之一。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["萃取剂对原料液中的溶质组分要有显著的溶解能力，对稀释剂必须不溶。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["液-液萃取中，萃取剂的用量无论如何，均能使混合物出现两相而达到分离的目的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["均相混合液中有热敏性组分，采用萃取方法可避免物料受热破坏。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["萃取操作，返混随塔径增加而增强。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["填料塔不可以用来作萃取设备。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在多级逆流萃取中，欲达到同样的分离程度，溶剂比愈大则所需理论级数愈少。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["萃取塔正常操作时，两相的速度必须高于液泛速度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["萃取剂S与溶液中原溶剂B可以不互溶，也可以部分互溶，但不能完全互溶。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["分配系数k值越大，对萃取越有利。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["萃取操作的结果，萃取剂和被萃取物质必须能够通过精馏操作分离。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["萃取操作中，一般情况下选择性系数为β>1。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["萃取温度越低萃取效果越好。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在萃取设备中，对有固体悬浮物存在的体系，宜选用筛板塔。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["如果物系有固体悬浮物存在，为避免设备堵塞，萃取时一般可选用转盘塔或混和澄清器。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在萃取设备中，对腐蚀性流体体系，宜选用设备为填料塔。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在萃取操作中稀释剂和萃取剂必须互不相溶。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["两相流体在萃取设备内一般以逆流流动方式进行操作。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["萃取装置中，根据构造特点和形状的不同，可分为组件式和塔式。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["按照反应器的结构型式，可把反应器分成釜式、管式、塔式、固定床和流化床。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["釜式反应器、管式反应器、流化床反应器都可用于均相反应过程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["单段绝热床反应器适用于反应热效应较大，允许反应温度变化较大的场合。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["一般来说，单个反应器并联操作可以提高反应深度，串联操作可以增大处理量。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在连续操作釜式反应器中，串联的釜数越多，其有效容积越小，则其经济效益越好。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["固定床反应器的传热热速率比流化床反应器的传热速率快。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["釜式反应器返混小，所需反应器体积较小。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["管式反应器的优点是减小返混和控制反应时间。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["固定床反应器内，空速大，物料接触时间短；空速小，物料接触时间长。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["固定床催化剂床层的温度必须严格控制在同一温度，以保证反应有较高的收率。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["对于列管式固定床反应器，当反应温度为280℃时可选用导热油作载热体。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["为了减少连续操作釜式反应器的返混，工业上常采用多釜串联操作。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["按物质的聚集状态，反应器分为均相反应器和非均相反应器。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["按结构和形状,反应器可分为固定床反应器和流化床反应器。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["固定床反应器在管内装有一定数量的固体催化剂，气体一般自下而上从催化剂颗粒之间的缝隙内通过。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["单釜连续操作，物料在釜内停留时间不一，因而会降低转化率。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["反应器并联的一般目的是为了提高生产能力。串联的一般目的是为了提高转化率。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["釜式反应器主要由釜体、搅拌器和换热器三部分所组成。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["间歇操作釜式反应器既可以用于均相的液相反应，也可用于非均相液相反应，但不能用于非均相气液相鼓泡反应。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["气液相反应器按气液相接触形态分类时，气体以气泡形式分散在液相中的反应器形式有鼓泡塔反应器、搅拌鼓泡釜式反应器和填料塔反应器等。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["搅拌釜式反应器应用范围广，但基本上不用于气-液-固三相反应。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["绝热式固定床反应器适合热效应不大的反应，反应过程无需换热。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["釜式反应器属于液—气相反应。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["管式反应器亦可进行间歇或连续操作。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["工业反应器按换热方式可分为：等温反应器，绝热反应器，非等温、非绝热反应器等。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["间歇反应器的一个生产周期应包括：反应时间，加料时间，出料时间，加热（或冷却）时间，清洗时间等。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["非均相反应器可分为：气固相反应器、气液相反应器。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["流化床中，由于床层内流体和固体剧烈搅动混合，使床层温度分布均匀，避免了局部过热现象。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["均相反应器内不存在微元尺度的质量和热量传递。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["釜式反应器体积越大，传热越容易。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["选择反应器要从满足工艺要求出发，并结合各类反应器的性能和特点来确定。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在管式反应器中单管反应器只适合热效应小的反应过程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["平桨式搅拌器适用于处理低粘度流体。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在搅拌槽壁上安装垂直挡板的目的在于防止打旋。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["为了防止反应釜的主体与搅拌轴之间的泄漏，真空度要求比较高的反应釜常需要采用填料密封轴封装置。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["反应器并联的目的一般是为了提高生产能力，串联的目的一般是为了提高转化率。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["选择反应器要从满足工艺要求出发，并结合各类反应器的性能和特点来确定。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["对于零级反应，增加反应物的浓度可提高化学反应速率。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["固定床反应器适用于气一液相化学反应。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["为扩大生产量，可采用多反应器串联操作。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["流化床反应器的操作速度一定要小于流化速度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["长径比较大的流化床反应器中的流动模型可以看成平推流。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["高速搅拌的釜式反应器中的流动模型可以看成全混流。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["反应过程的整体速度由最快的那一步决定。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["釜式反应器中搅拌器的作用就是在动力作用下将反应物料送出反应器。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["流化床反应器的传热性能良好，温度非常均匀。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["按照原理,化工生产过程由三种基本传递过程和反应过程组成。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["从原料开始，物料流经一系列由管道连结的设备，经过包括物质和能量转换的加工，最后得到预期的产品，将实施这些转换所需要的一系列功能单元和设备有机组合的次序和方式，称为化工工艺。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["对于合成氨中一氧化碳变换反应，存在着一个最佳反应温度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["多元醇和多元酸经缩聚反应可生产聚氨酯。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["二氧化硫氧化制三氧化硫属于可逆放热反应，存在最佳温度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["凡主要运用化学转化改变物质的组成和性质，来创造化学品的生产过程或技术，称为“化学工艺”。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["反应是化工生产过程的核心，其他的操作都是围绕着化学反应组织实施的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["隔膜法电解制烧碱，一般来说，应尽量采用精制的食盐水，使电解在较低的温度下进行，以防止氯气在阳极液中的溶解。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["工业合成氨是一放热过程，随着瞬时转化率的增加，最适宜温度是降低的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["固体物质的粉碎及物料的搅拌不属于化工单元操作过程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["合成纤维制成的衣物易污染，不吸汗，夏天穿着时易感到闷热。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["化工生产的原料，必须经过检测符合规定的技术指标方可投入化工生产。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["化工生产过程包括原料的预处理，化学反应，产品的分离和精制三个基本过程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["化工原料的组成和性质对加工过程没有影响。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["化学工艺是根据化学的原理和规律，采用化学和物理的措施而将原料转化为产品的方法和过程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["间歇操作是稳态操作，而连续操作是非稳态操作。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["聚合反应中，氮气常用于置换反应装置和输送催化剂等多种用途。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["聚甲基丙烯的聚合反应属于自由基型聚合反应。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["聚氯乙烯被广泛用于各种包装、容器，如食品保鲜膜等。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["连锁式聚合反应过程包括链引发，链增长和链终止。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["煤、石油、天然气是化学工业的基本原料。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["煤水蒸汽转化法制氢工艺中，水蒸汽分解率代表水蒸汽与碳的反应程度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["通常用于婴儿纸尿裤中的高吸水性材料是聚丙烯酸类树脂。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["未经硫化的橡胶分子结构是线型或支链型，硫化的目的是使橡胶分子适度交联，形成体型或网状结构。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["液相本体法生产聚丙烯的投料顺序为：第一步-投底料；第二步-投活化剂；第三步-加催化剂；第四步-加氢气。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["一个典型的化工生产过程由原料的预处理、化学反应、产物分离三部分构成。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["一个化工生产过程一般包括原料的净化和预处理、化学反应过程、产品的分离与提纯、三废处理及综合利用等。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["影响化工反应过程的主要因素有原料的组成和性质、催化剂性能、工艺条件和设备结构等。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["影响化工生产过程的工艺因素只有温度和压力。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在乳液聚合中，乳化剂不参加聚合反应，但它的存在对聚合反应（聚合反应速率和聚合物的相对分子质量）有很大影响。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在生产过程中，温度、压力、原料组成、停留时间等工艺参数是可调节的，尤以温度的影响最大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["为使锅炉各部件冷热均匀、膨胀一致，进水点火升压和停炉都要求缓慢进行。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["班组管理是在企业整个生产活动中，由班组自身进行的管理活动。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["班组交接班记录的内容是生产运行、设备运行、出勤情况。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在质量管理过程中，常用于寻找产生质量问题的原因的图是因果图。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["安装压力表时，以螺纹不松动、不渗漏为准，不要过分用力，防止憋压打坏引压阀。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["管道检修现场验收的主要标准有管道油漆完好无损，附件灵活好用，运行一周无泄漏。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["管道的外部检查每年至少要进行一次。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["加盲板时，盲板两侧应有垫片。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["操作记录可以隔天回忆记录。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["判断离心泵润滑油变质的首要措施是停车检查。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["压缩机在运行之前盘车的原因是使压缩机均压受热。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["一台离心泵开动不久，泵入口处的真空度正常，泵出口处的压力表也逐渐降低为零，此时离心泵完全打不出水。发生故障的原因是吸入管路堵塞。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["填料塔液体喷淋密度过小,会引起填料不完全湿润。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在填料塔中，低浓度难溶气体逆流吸收时，若其它条件不变，但入口气量增加，则出口气体组成将减小。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["吸收剂的进口含量必须高于塔顶出口气相浓度相平衡的液相含量才可能达到规定的分离要求。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["吸收时，气体进气管管端向下切成45度倾斜角，其目的是为了防止塔内下流液体进入管内。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["气缚是离心泵在运行过程中一种不正常现象，一旦发生时，主要采取的措施是调节增大离心泵的入口压力。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["安全状况等级为1级和2级的在用工业管道，其检验周期一般不超过六年。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["有一台正在运行中的气关单座阀经常关不死,它的原因是阀门定位器输出总是在最大值。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["设备抽插盲板应注意制定抽插盲板流程图。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["阻火器是一种不带活动部件的无源防爆器件，它通常有外壳和芯件组成，需要定期对芯件进行清洗。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["对于离心泵的密封装置，填料密封主要靠轴的外表面和填料的紧密接触来实现密封。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["泵润滑油的油位应是油视镜满刻度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["压缩机开车前盘车的目的是校正压缩机轴的弯曲度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["机泵运行期间，润滑油量过低会导致轴承温度降低。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["容器压力越高，就地放空时候，产生的噪声分贝越高。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["机泵大修后压力、流量平稳，出力能满足正常生产要求，或达到铭牌能力的50％以上。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["用水蒸气在列管换热器中加热某盐溶液，水蒸气走壳程。为强化传热，可以改单管程为双管程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["更换部分催化剂不属于预防催化剂中毒的工艺措施。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["湿空气在预热过程中不变化的参数是相对湿度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["热水泵开车前需要预热是为了防止盘车不好导致设备损坏。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["机泵冷却水的进水温度高，会使冷却水管路不畅通。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["投用水冷却器时应当对换热器进行排气。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在温度较高的工作环境中，适合选用燃点高的润滑油。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["电机和泵的滚珠轴承常用润滑脂是2#和3#极压复合锂基润滑脂。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["泵在备用过程中，发现离心泵发生反转，应检查出口阀是否关闭及判断阀门是否内漏。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["离心泵轴承润滑油变质、不足或过多，会引起运转振动。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["造成离心泵气缚现象发生的原因是泵加热不充分。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["离心泵发生汽蚀时，产生噪音和震动，泵的流量下降，但扬程不受影响。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["关小出口阀的开度可以用来减少离心泵打量。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["离心泵气缚现象发生后处理方法正确的是停泵排气。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["离心式压缩机喘振处理的方法出口气体回流。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["气开式的进料调节阀失灵，造成原料油中断，应改手动控制。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["暂性中毒对催化剂不会有任何影响。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["优良的固体催化剂应具有：活性好；稳定性强；选择性高；无毒并耐毒；耐热；机械强度高；有合理的流体流动性；原料易得；制造方便等性能。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["催化剂的的使用寿命主要由催化剂的活性曲线的稳定期决定。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["催化剂的中毒可分为永久性中毒和暂时性中毒。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在反应过程中催化剂是不会直接参加化学反应的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["催化剂只能改变反应达到平衡的时间，不能改变平衡的状态。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["催化剂的组成中，活性组分就是含量最大的成分。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["固体催化剂使用载体的目的在于使活性组分有高度的分散性，增加催化剂与反应物的接触面积。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["新鲜催化剂的使用温度可以比适宜温度低一点，随活性下降使用温度可适当提高。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["制备好的催化剂从生产厂家运来后直接加到反应器内就可以使用。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["固体催化剂的组成主要包括：活性组分、载体和助催化剂三个部分。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["为了保持催化剂的活性，保证产品的经济效益，在催化剂进入衰退期后，应立即更换催化剂。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["某一反应，当加入催化剂后，不但能加快反应速度，而且可以改变反应系统的始末状态。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["催化剂在反应器内升温还原时，必须控制好升温速度、活化温度与活化时间，活化温度不得高于催化剂活性温度上限。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在一定接触时间内，一定反应温度和反应物配比下，主反应的转化率愈高，说明催化剂的选择性愈好。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["能加快反应速度的催化剂为正催化剂。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["无论是暂时性中毒后的再生，还是高温烧积炭后的再生，均不会引起固体催化剂结构的损伤，活性也不会下降。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["催化剂中毒后经适当处理可使催化剂的活性恢复，这种中毒称为暂时性中毒。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["催化剂中的各种组分对化学反应都有催化作用。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["催化剂都能加快化学反应的速度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["原料无须净化就可以送入催化反应器。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["性能优良的催化剂应有较大的比表面积。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["催化剂组成中的助剂就是促进剂。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["催化剂使用初期活性较高，操作温度宜控制在工艺允许范围内的较低处。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["同一种反应物，使用不同的催化剂，得到的产物相同，但反应速率不同。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["若反应原料昂贵、产物与负产物的分离很困难时，则宜选用高活性的工业催化剂。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["催化剂可以改变反应途径，所以体系的始末态也发生了改变。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["催化剂是一种能改变化学反应速率，而其自身的组成、质量和化学性质在反应前后保持不变的物质。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["催化剂的形状系数越接近于1，则形状越接近球形。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["由于中毒造成的催化剂的失活是暂时性的，可经过再生而恢复活性。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["工业生产应用的催化剂主要有均相催化剂和酶催化剂。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["随装置运行时间的延长，过多的积炭堵塞催化剂孔道导致活性降低，通过再生无法恢复活性，这就是所谓的永久失活。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["X型和Y型分子筛的结构不一样。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["催化剂装填时，保护剂一般装于反应器的顶部。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["合成氨中冷交设备功能的好坏直接影响到催化剂的活性。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["高低变催化剂的使用寿命主要取决于催化剂的活性和床层的压力降。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["工业上催化剂的装填对催化剂的使用寿命影响不大。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["按部标规定，管道布置图中标注、坐标以米为单位，取小数点二位。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["按照几何投影的原理，任何零件图必须具备主视图、俯视图和侧视图，否则不能完整地表示零件。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["尺寸线可以用其他图线代替，也可单独画出。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["带控制点工艺流程图一般包括：图形、标注和图例三个部分。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["工艺流程图上，设备图形必须按比例绘制。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["工艺流程图中设备用粗实线并按比例绘制。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["公差一般为正值，但在个别情况下，也可以是负值或零。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["管道进行蒸气吹扫时不需对管进行预热。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["管路布置图的表达重点是管路，因此不需要方位标。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["化工工艺流程图只包含施工流程图。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["化工工艺流程图中的设备必须严格按照比例画出它的详细构造。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["化工设备图中的零件图与装配图一定分别画在不同的图纸上。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["画公差带图时，上偏差位于零线上方，下偏差位于零线下方。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["零件图不需要技术要求，在装配图表述。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["零件图的作用是读零件图与装配图关系。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["平行度属于位置公差。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["剖面图是剖视图的一种特殊视图。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["设备类别代号中P和V分别表示泵和压缩机。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["识读工艺流程图时，一般应从上到下，从右到左进行。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["实际尺寸等于基本尺寸，则零件一定合格。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["图纸中的文字说明部分文字字体大小是根据图形比例来确定的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["未注公差尺寸实际上就是没有公差要求的尺寸。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在带控制点工艺流程图中，对两个或两个以上的相同设备，一般可采用简化画法。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在工艺管道及仪表流程图中，管道上的阀门是用粗实线按标准规定的图形符号在相应处画出。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在剖视图中，零件后部的不见轮廓线、虚线一律省略不画。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在三视图中，能够反映物体上下、左右位置关系的视图为俯视图。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在设备的装配图中，必须表达完整各个零件的大小尺寸。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["管件是管路中的重要零件，它起着连接管子，改变方向，接出支管和封闭管路的作用。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["水煤气管道广泛应用在小直径的低压管路上。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["制造压力容器的钢材一般都采用中碳钢。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["露天阀门的传动装置无需有防护罩。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["法兰连接是化工管路最常用的连接方式。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["当钢丝的磨损或腐蚀量达到或超过原有直径的50﹪时，该钢丝即应报废。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["酸碱性反应介质可采用不锈钢材质的反应器。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["安全阀在设备正常工作时是处于关闭状态的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["管道的法兰连接属于可拆连接、焊接连接属于不可拆连接。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["管子钳主要用来夹持或旋转管子及配件的工具。也可用于六角螺母的拆装。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在水平管路上安装阀门时，阀杆一般应安装在上半周范围内，不宜朝下，以防介质泄漏伤害到操作者。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["起重用钢丝绳未发现断丝就可继续使用。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["新阀门只要有合格证，使用前不需要进行强度和严密性试验，可直接使用。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["截止阀安装方向应遵守“低进高出”的原则。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["明杆式闸阀较暗杆式闸阀更适合露天使用。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["平焊法兰刚度大，适用于工作压力等级较高、温度较高密封要求高的管道。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["管道安装时，不锈钢螺栓、螺母应涂以二硫化钼。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["节流阀与截止阀的阀芯形状不同，因此它比截止阀的调节性能好。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["往复泵启动前不需要灌泵，因为它具有自吸能力。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["球阀的阀芯经常采取铜材或陶瓷材料制造，主要可使阀芯耐磨损和防止介质腐蚀。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在化工设备中能承受操作压力P≥100MPa的容器是高压容器。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["管法兰和压容器法兰的公称直径均应为所连接管子的外径。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["水平管道法兰的螺栓孔，其最上面两个应保持水平。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["一般工业管道的最低点和最高点应装设相应的放水、放气装置。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["化工企业中，管道的连接方式只有焊接与螺纹连接等二种。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["因为从受力分析角度来说，半球形封头最好，所以不论在任何情况下，都必须首先考虑采用半球形封头。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["制造压力容器的钢材一般都采用中碳钢。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["金属垫片材料一般并不要求强度高，而是要求其软韧。金属垫片主要用于中、高温和中、高压的法兰联接密封。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["旋塞阀属于手动阀门，主要起开启或关闭作用。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在进行圆柱管螺纹连接时，螺纹连接前必须在外螺纹上加填料，填料在螺纹上的缠绕方向，应与螺纹的方向一致。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["管路焊接时，应先点焊定位，焊点应在圆周均布，然后经检查其位置正确后方可正式焊接。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["拆卸闸阀时填料一定要清除干净。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["垫片的选择主要根据管内压力和介质的性质等综合分析后确定。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["化工机械常用的防腐措施有改善介质的腐蚀条件，采用电化学保护和表面覆盖层法。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["优质碳素结构钢，除保证钢材的力学性能和化学成分外，还对硫磷的含量严格控制，品质较高。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在高空作业时，安装公称通径50mm以上的管子，应用链条钳，不得使用管钳子。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["管道变径处宜采用大小头，安装时应注意：同心大小头宜用在水平管道上，偏心大小头宜用在垂直管道上。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["小规格阀门采更换填料时，把填料函中的旧填料清理干净，将细石棉绳按逆时针方向，围绕阀杆缠上3～4圈装入填料函，放上填料压盖，旋紧盖母即可。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["通过含有稀硫酸废水的管线材质应为碳钢。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["为了防止停工时物料积存在管内，管道设计时一般应有1/100至5/1000的坡度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["当两齿轮接触斑点的位置正确，面积太小时，可在齿面上加研磨剂使两齿轮进行研磨以达到足够的接触面积。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["管道的热紧和冷紧温度应在保持工作温度2h之后进行。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在低温管道上可以直接焊接管架。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["管子焊接对口时，其厚度偏差只要不超过公称壁厚的15%即可。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["仪表用压缩空气外管采用无缝钢管。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["调节阀按其能源方式可分为气动、液动、电动、智能调节阀四大类。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["严禁压力容器超压、超温和超负荷运行。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["管道系统进行压力试验过程中，可以带压修理，以免发生危险。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["煤气钢管常是有缝钢管。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["筛板塔孔的大小是无规则可循。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["搞好设备润滑，可以延长设备使用寿命，才能保障安全生产。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["化工设备中最广泛应用的封头是椭圆形封头。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["爆破片主要用于防止化学性爆炸。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["机泵预热时泵出口阀门开度过大，容易造成机泵反转。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["化工管道中使用疏水阀是用来排放蒸汽管中的冷凝水，并阻止蒸汽泄漏。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["机泵润滑油太多也会引起轴承发热。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["锁紧扳手很适合在狭窄的地方使用。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["万用表可以带电测电阻。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["变压器不仅有变压、变流的作用，而且还有变阻抗的作用。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["压力表的选择只需要选择合适的量程就行了。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["调节阀的最小可控流量与其泄漏量不是一回事。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["电阻电路中，不论它是串联还是并联，电阻上消耗的功率总和等于电源输出的功率。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["由三相异步电动机的转动原理可知，在电动运行状态下总是旋转磁场的转速小于转子的转速，因此称为“异步”电动机。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["变压器是用来降低电压的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["电器设备通常都要接地，接地就是将机壳接到零线上。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在三相四线制中，当三相负载不平衡时，三相电压值仍相等，但中线电流不等于零。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["热电阻温度计是由热电阻、显示仪表以及连接导线所组成，其连接导线采用三线制接法。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["由于防爆型仪表或电气设备在开盖后就失去防爆性能，因此不能在带电的情况下打开外盖进行维修。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["热电阻温度计显示仪表指示无穷大可能原因是热电阻短路。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["变压器温度的测量主要是通过对其油温的测量来实现的。如果发现油温较平时相同负载和相同条件下高出10℃时，应考虑变压器内发生了故障。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["三相交流对称电路中，如采用星形接线时，线电流等于相电流。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在直流电路中，负载获得最大功率的条件是负载电阻等于电源内阻。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["DCS是一种控制功能和负荷分散，操作、显示和信息管理集中，采用分级分层结构的计算机综合控制系统。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["“三相四线”制供电方式是指“三根相线、一根中线”。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["电磁流量计不能测量气体介质的流量。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在电路中所需的各种直流电压，可以通过变压器变换获得。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["对纯滞后大的被控对象，可引入微分控制作用来提高控制质量。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["气开阀在没有气源时，阀门是全开的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["调节阀气开、气关作用形式选择原则是一旦信号中断，调节阀的状态能保证人员和设备的安全。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["照明电路开关必须安装在相线上。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["精度等级为1.0级的检测仪表表明其最大相对百分误差为±1%。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["热电偶与显示仪表间采用“三线制”接法。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["正弦交流电的三要素是，周期、频率、初相位。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["三相异步电动机包括定子和绕组两部分。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["简单化工自动控制系统的组成包括被控对象、测量元件及变送器、控制器、执行器等。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["三相负载Y（星）接时，中线电流一定为零。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["压力仪表应安装在易观察和检修的地方。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["热电偶的测温范围比热电阻的测温范围宽。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["执行器的流量特性中使用最广泛的是对数流量特性。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["将三相异步电动机电源的三根线中的任意两根对调即可改变其转动方向。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在控制系统中，最终完成控制功能是执行器。因此执行器是控制系统的核心。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在电机的控制电路中，当电流过大时，熔断器和热继电器都能够切断电源从而起到保护电动机的目的，因此熔断器和热继电器完成的是一样的功能。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["一般在高温段用热电偶传感器进行检测，在低温段用热电阻传感器进行检测。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["一般控制系统均为负反馈控制系统。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["角接取压和法兰取压只是取压方式的不同，但标准孔板的本体结构是一样的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["使用万用表可以带电测电阻。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在比例控制规律基础上添加积分控制规律，其主要作用是超前控制。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["热电阻可以用来测量中、高范围内的温度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["弹簧管压力表只能就地指示压力，不能远距离传送压力信号。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["分散控制系统（DCS）基本思想是“控制分散、管理集中”。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["分散控制系统主要由现场控制站、监视操作站、数据通信装置和上位计算机管理站组成。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["转子流量计是以压降不变，利用节流面积的变化反映流量的大小。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["转子流量计的转子所处位置的高低，节面积方式改变；转子平衡位置越高，节面积越大，流量越大；所以节面积的变化，反映了流量的大小。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["比例微分控制规律是分别根据测量信号的大小和变化速度进行比例和微分计算，并把计算结果求和后作为控制器的输出信号。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["对于滞后大的对象采用比例微分控制规律，可以克服对象的惯性，控制结果无余差。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["当调节器处于自动状态时，测量信号与给定信号在输入电路中进行比较，然后产生偏差信号，在进入PID运算电路，最后经输出电路转换成4～20mADC输出。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["弹簧管压力表的基本测量原理就是弹簧管通入被测压力后，自由端产生微小位移，再通过传动放大机构把自由端的位移转换成指针的移动位置。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["测量氧气时，压力表严禁粘有油脂，以免着火，甚至爆炸。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["执行机构就是将控制信号转换成相应的动力来控制阀内截件的位置或其它调节机构的装置。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在DCS系统操作过程中，当过程变量发生报警，只能调用专用报警画面才能查看报警信息。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["与热电阻温度计相比，热电偶温度计能侧更高的温度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["用红外测温仪时只测量表面温度，红外测温仪不能测量内部温度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["红外测温仪最好不用于光亮的或抛光的金属表面的测温(不锈钢、铝等)。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["为了防止干扰，仪表信号电缆和电源电缆不得平行敷设。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["二次仪表是指仪表示值信号不直接来自工艺介质的各类仪表的总称。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在进行油浴加热时，由于温度失控，导热油着火。此时只要用水泼可将火熄灭。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["把乙炔钢瓶放在操作时有电弧火花发生的实验室里。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["因高压氢气钢瓶需避免日晒，所以最好放在楼道或实验室里。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["用过的铬酸洗液应倒入废液缸，不能再次使用。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["滴定管内壁不能用去污粉清洗，以免划伤内壁，影响体积准确测量。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["天平室要经常敞开通风，以防室内过于潮湿。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["易燃液体废液不得倒入下水道。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["改革能源结构，有利于控制大气污染源。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["一氧化碳是易燃易爆物质。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["工业企业的噪声通常分为空气动力性噪声、机械性噪声和电磁性噪声。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["物质的沸点越高，危险性越低。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["废水的三级处理主要是对废水进行过滤和沉降处理。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["所谓毒物，就是作用于人体，并产生有害作用的物质。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["可燃性混合物的爆炸下限越低，爆炸极限范围越宽，其爆炸危险性越小。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["火灾、爆炸产生的主要原因是明火和静电摩擦。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["大气污染主要来自燃料燃烧、工业生产过程、农业生产过程和交通运输过程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["从事化学品生产、使用、储存、运输的人员和消防救护人员平时应熟悉和掌握化学品的主要危险特性及其相应的灭火措施，并进行防火演习，加强紧急事态时的应变能力。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["工业毒物进入人体的途径有三种，即消化道、皮肤和呼吸道，其中最主要的是皮肤。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["可燃物、助燃物和点火源是导致燃烧的三要素，缺一不可，是必要条件。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["地下水受到污染后会在很短时间内恢复到原有的清洁状态。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["噪声强弱的感觉不仅与噪声的物理量有关，而且还与人的生理和心理状态有关。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["震惊世界的骨痛病事件是由于铬污染造成的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["危险废物可以与生活垃圾一起填埋处理。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["清洁生产是指食品行业的企业必须注意生产环节的卫生清洁工作，以保证为顾客提供安全卫生的食品。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["燃烧是一种同时伴有发光、发热的激烈的氧化反应，具有发光、发热和生成新物质三个特征。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["按作用性质不同，工业毒物可分为刺激性毒物、窒息性毒物、麻醉性毒物三种。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["电流对人体的伤害可分为电击和电伤两种类型。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["噪声可使人听力损失、使人烦恼和影响人注意力的集中。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["三废的控制应按照排放物治理和排放、排放物循环、减少污染源的四个优先级顺序考虑。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["废水的治理方法可分为物理法、化学法、物理化学法和生物化学法。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["设备上的安全阀泄露后，可以关闭根部阀后长期使用。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["生产现场管理要做到“三防护”，即自我防护、设备防护、环境防护。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["对环境危害极大的“酸雨”中的主要成分是CO2。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["限制火灾爆炸事故蔓延的措施是分区隔离、配置消防器材和设置安全阻火装置。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["化工企业中压力容器泄放压力的安全装置有安全阀和防爆膜。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["氧气呼吸器是一种与外界隔离自供再生式呼吸器，适用于缺氧及任何种类，任何浓度的有毒气体环境。但禁止用于油类、高稳、明火的作业场所。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["环境噪声对健康有害，它主要来自交通、工业生产、建筑施工和社会等四个方面。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["常用安全阀有弹簧式和杠杆式两种，温度高而压力不太高时选用前者，高压设备宜选用后者。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["安全工作的方针是“安全第一、预防为主”，原则是“管生产必须管安全”。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["为保证安全，在给焊炬点火时，最好先开氧气，点燃后再开乙炔。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["我国化学工业多年来治理尘毒的实践证明，在多数情况下，靠单一的方法去防治尘毒是可行的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["人触电后3分钟内开始救治，90％有良好效果。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["化工污染的特点之一是污染后恢复困难。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["废渣的治理，大致可采用焚烧和陆地填筑等方法。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["只要可燃物浓度在爆炸极限之外就是安全的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["众所周知重金属对人体会造成中毒，而轻金属则不会。因此我们可以放心地使用铝等轻金属制作的餐具。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["因重金属有毒，因此我们不能用金、银、铂等重金属作餐具。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["环境污染按环境要素可划分为大气污染、水污染和土壤污染。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["固体废物的处理是指将废物处理到无害地排放到环境所容许的标准的最终过程。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在电器线路中绝缘的破坏主要有两种情况：a、击穿；b、绝缘老化。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["几种常见的大气污染物为：a、硫化物；B、硫氧化物；c、氮氧化物；d、碳氢化合物。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在发生污染事故时，应采取紧急措施，防止对环境产生进一步的影响。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["煤块在常温下不易着火，更不易发生爆炸，因此煤矿开采和加工一般不用防爆。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["电器着火可以用泡沫灭火器灭火。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["防火防爆最根本的措施就是在火灾爆炸未发生前采取预防措施。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["使用长管式面具时，须将长管放在上风处的地上。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["无论工伤事故责任是否在于劳动者一方，只要不是受害者本人故意行为所致，就应该按照规定标准对其进行伤害补偿。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["安全评价是对建设项目或生产经营单位存在的危险因素和有害因素进行识别、分析和评估，为了达到评价的目的，评价单元的划分要求必须一致。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["当前我国正在开展的危险化学品生产经营单位劳动安全评价属于专项安全评价。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["重大危险源分为生产场所重大危险源和贮存区重大危险源两种。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在危险场所所使用安全火花型仪表，在危险场所和控制室之间设置安全栅，这样构成的系统叫安全火花型防爆系统。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["凡可能与易燃、可燃物相通的设备、管道等部位的动火，均应加堵盲板与系统彻底隔离、切断，必要时应拆掉一段连接管道。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["对于油炉、燃气炉以及炉膛内可能积聚可燃气体的锅炉，要求点火后务必先行通风。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["消防安全责任人必须掌握所有专业性的消防技术知识。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["灭火器设置稳固是使用灭火器的前提和保证，具体说，手提式灭火器(包括设置手提式灭火器的附件)要防止发生跌落等现象；推车式灭火器不要设置在斜坡和地基不结实的地点，以免造成灭火器不能正常使用或伤人事故。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["公众聚集场所在营业期间的防火巡查应当至少每2小时一次。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["检查通常有互查，抽查和一般查三种形式。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["从消防观点来看，导热系数大的物质，对灭火是有利的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["大型油罐应设置应设置卤代烷自动灭火系统。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["液体表面的蒸汽与空气形成可燃气体,遇到点火源时,发生一闪即灭的现象称之为闪燃。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["架空线路的下方经批准后可以堆放物品。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["甲乙丙类液体储罐区和液化石油气储罐区的消火栓，应设在罐区内。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["检查液化石油气管道或阀门泄漏的正确方法是用鼻子嗅。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["干粉灭火器要六个月检查一次。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["二氧化碳灭火器可以扑救钾、钠、镁金属火灾。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["油脂滴落于高温暖气片上发生燃烧现象是属于受热自燃。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["在易燃易爆区，有管道泄露时，必须停车维修。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["易燃易爆危险物品生产单位，应当设在本地区全年最小频率风向的下风侧。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["扑灭火灾后要对火场进行全面细致的检查，消除余火和阴燃，排除险情和隐患，防止复燃。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["所有灭火器必须锁在固定物体上。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["“严禁烟火”的标志通常出现在火灾危险性大的部位；重要的场所；物资集中，发生火灾损失大的地方；人员集中，发生火灾伤亡大的场所。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["火灾发生后，如果逃生之路已被切断，应退回室内、关闭通往燃烧房间的门窗，并向门窗上泼水，减缓火势发展，同时打开未受烟火威胁的窗户，发出求救信号。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["火灾使人致命的最主要原因是被人践踏。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["车间抹过油的废布废棉丝不能随意丢放，应放在废纸箱内。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["为防止易燃气体积聚而发生爆炸和火灾，贮存和使用易燃液体的区域要有良好的空气流通。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["为防止发生火灾，在厂内显眼的地方要设有严禁逗留标志。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["企业可以根据其具体情况和产品的质量情况制订适当低于国家或行业同种产品标准的企业标准。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["企业在聘用时与职工订立伤亡事故由职工个人自负的“生死合同”是非法的、无效的，是不受法律保护的。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["《安全生产法》关于从业员的安全生产义务主要有4项：即遵章守规，服从管理；佩带和使用劳动防护用品；接受培训，掌握安全生产技能；发现事故隐患及时报告。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["禁止在具有火灾、爆炸危险的场所使用明火；因特殊情况需要使用明火作业的，应当按照规定事先办理审批手续。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["职工再次发生工伤，根据规定应当享受伤残津贴的，可以按照原认定的伤残等级享受伤残津贴待遇。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["在工作时间和工作场所内，因履行工作职责任职人受到暴力等意外伤害的应认定为工伤。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["《危险化学品安全管理条例》规定，国家对危险化学品的生产和储存实行审批制度，对危险化学品的经营销售实行许可证制度，对危险化学品的运输实行登记制度。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["依照《安全生产法》的规定，安全生产监督检查人员对检查发现的问题应作出书面记录，并由检查人员和被检查单位的负责人签字，这样有利于安全检查不走过场。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["施工单位的主要负责人、项目负责人未履行安全生产管理职责的，应责令限期改正;途期末改正的，责令施工单位停业整顿。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["危险化学品单位在转产、停产、停业或者解散时，应采取有效措施，处置危险化学品生产、储存设备、库产品及生产原料。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["生产经营单位的决策机构、主要负责人没有按着本规定投入保证安全生产所需资金而导致发生生产安全事故，并构成犯罪的，依照刑法有关规定追究行政责任。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["生产经营单位主要负责人对生产安全事故隐瞒不报、谎报或拖延不报的，应立即调离原岗位重新安排工作。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["安全生产监督检查人员执行监督检查任务时，可以不出示有效执法证件。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["从业人员发现直接危及人身安全的紧急情况时，有权继续进行作业。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["安全设备的设计、制造、安装、使用、检测、维修、改造和报废，应当符合国家标准或者行业标准。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["国家对在改善安全生产条件、防止生产安全事故、参加抢险救护等方面取得显著成绩的单位和个人，给予奖励。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["装置开车前要对监测报警系统、联锁设施、盲板抽堵、防护、通风、消防、照明等各类安全设施进行全面检查，并填写生产系统开车条件确认单。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["企业对已废止的安全生产法律、法规、标准和其他要求不需要收回作废。（ ）","判断题","v","x","B"]
["企业应对产品、中间产品进行分类，并将分类结果汇入危险化学品档案。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]
["企业应定期和及时对作业活动和设备设施进行危险、有害因素识别和风险评价。（ ）","判断题","v","x","A"]